RU92152U1 - HEATING BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

A heating boiler comprising a vertical housing (1) with a circuit (9) for a working agent, a furnace (6) with a fuel loading door (14) and an ash removal door (15), an outlet pipe (16) for combustion products, a damper (3) adjusting the air supply in the air intake channel, a telescopic channel (7) with a distribution head (18) for supplying air to the fuel combustion site and fittings (10 and 11) for removing the heated working agent and returning it from consumers, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a fan ignition (2), camera (5) preliminary heating, the air supplied to the furnace, by a deflector (17) in the outlet pipe (16) of the combustion products, temperature sensors (13) on the fittings of the outlet (10) and return (11) of the working agent and the electronic control unit (12) associated with the ignition fan (2), a choke (3) for regulating the supply air and temperature sensors (13).

Description

The utility model relates to energy, in particular, to equipment for heating individual houses and small industrial premises and for supplying hot water for household needs in places where there are no modern heat sources and there is an excess of waste, for example, solid fuel materials.

The level of technology.

A device for burning solid fuel and heating indoor air. The furnace consists of a combustion chamber, air is supplied to its center by means of a pipe and solid fuel is supplied by means of a screw (see US patent No. 4782765).

Known hot water boilers containing a housing with steel double walls forming a water jacket, convective air-gas passage and a filling hopper that closes on the combustion chamber (see RF patents No. 2241913, 2363888).

The design of such boilers is complex and not suitable for burning solid fuel materials.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a heating boiler containing a vertical housing with a circuit for a working agent, a furnace with a fuel loading door and an ash removal door, an outlet pipe for combustion products, an air supply adjustment flap in the air intake channel, a telescopic channel with a distribution head for feeding air to the place of burning fuel and fittings and the removal of the heated working agent and its return from consumers (see Eurasian patent No. 005303, publ. 2004).

The prototype does not provide optimization of the process of pyrolysis of solid fuel of its control and regulation, as well as increasing efficiency.

The essence of the claimed utility model.

The heating boiler contains a vertical housing (1) with a circuit (9) for the working agent, a firebox (6) with a fuel loading door (14) and an ash removal door (15), an outlet pipe (16) for combustion products, a shutter (3) for adjustment air supply in the air intake channel, a telescopic channel (7) with a distribution head (18) for supplying air to the fuel combustion site and fittings (10 and 11) for removing the heated working agent and returning it from consumers. The boiler is additionally equipped with an ignition fan (2), a chamber (5) for preheating, supplied air to the furnace, a deflector (17) in the outlet pipe (16) of the combustion products, temperature sensors (13) on the outlet (10) and return (11) unions working agent and an electronic control unit (12) associated with the ignition fan (2), a choke (3) for regulating the supplied air and temperature sensors (13).

The technical result achieved by the claimed utility model is to optimize the process of pyrolysis of solid fuel in the boiler furnace by providing a metered air supply by the electronic control unit to the furnace of the boiler, a small pyrolysis area and the possibility of using low grades of wood up to waste from woodworking production. The selection of power from the boiler (working agent for heating) is provided without violating the optimal process by the electronic control unit. Possibilities of using buffer sources of electricity to ensure the operability of the boiler during the period of power outage from outside. The listed measures to optimize the operation of the boiler provide an estimated system efficiency of more than 50%.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the cross section of the boiler.

The heating boiler consists of the following main structural elements: 1 - boiler body; 2 - ignition fan; 3 - air supply adjustment flap; 4 - channel air intake; 5 - chamber preheating air; 6 - firebox; 7 - telescopic air intake; 8 - fuel; 9 - contour of the working agent; 10 - fitting for supplying a working agent to the heating system (not shown in the drawing); 11 - fitting to return the working agent to the boiler; 12 - electronic control unit; 13 - temperature sensor; 14 - fuel loading door; 15 - ash removal door; 16 - output pipe of combustion products; 17 - deflector (device for changing the direction of gas flow); 18 - distribution head for supplying air to the fuel.

The operation of the boiler is as follows.

The air through the valve 3 adjusts the flow enters the chamber 5 preheating the air and through the telescopic 7 air intake and distribution head 18 enters the combustion region of the fuel 8. The energy of the combusted fuel 8 heats the working agent in circuit 9 and heats the newly incoming air in the chamber 5. Electronic unit control 12 according to the data received from temperature sensors 13, by controlling the shutter 3 optimizes the combustion of fuel 8 in the furnace 6. Telescopic 7 air inlet only delivers air ennuyu area than is provided optimization of the amount of burning fuel. Through the nozzle 10, the working agent heated by the boiler enters the consumer (the heating batteries are not shown in the drawing), and through the nozzle 11 it returns to the boiler, giving heat to the consumer. Fuel 8 is laid through the door 14 of the fuel loading, after burnout (pyrolysis) of the total volume of fuel 8, ash is removed through the door 15.

Gaseous products of the pyrolysis of fuel 8 are removed through the outlet pipe 16 into the chimney (not shown in the drawing). CO, CH and resins burn out on the deflector 17.

During fuel pyrolysis, the heating boiler, thanks to the electronic control unit 12, operates in the optimal mode - only the upper part of the fuel burns intensely, the combustible gas emitted does not cool, does not pyrolyze the entire volume of fuel 8.

The proposed design of the heating boiler allows the use of firewood and other waste wood processing plants and even sawdust. The boiler power depends on the cross-sectional area of the furnace 6, and the combustion time on its height. The intensity of the pyrolysis of fuel 8 is regulated by the electronic control unit 12 using the damper 3 regulation of the supplied air and temperature sensors 13.

The listed measures to optimize the operation of the boiler provide an estimated system efficiency of more than 50%.

Claims (1)

A heating boiler comprising a vertical housing (1) with a circuit (9) for a working agent, a furnace (6) with a fuel loading door (14) and an ash removal door (15), an outlet pipe (16) for combustion products, a damper (3) adjusting the air supply in the air intake channel, a telescopic channel (7) with a distribution head (18) for supplying air to the fuel combustion site and fittings (10 and 11) for removing the heated working agent and returning it from consumers, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a fan ignition (2), camera (5) preliminary heating, air supplied to the furnace, by a deflector (17) in the outlet pipe (16) of the combustion products, temperature sensors (13) on the fittings of the outlet (10) and return (11) of the working agent and the electronic control unit (12) associated with the ignition fan (2), a damper (3) for regulating the supply air and temperature sensors (13).