RU90362U1 - MOBILE / ATTIC ROOM EXHAUST SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The smoke removal system of the attic / attic of an apartment building, equipped with fire detectors, a smoke removal valve, characterized in that it is brought into the common riser of the smoke removal system of the building. ! 2. The smoke exhaust system of the attic of an apartment building according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke exhaust valve and / or air duct of the exhaust system are additionally equipped with forced ventilation.

Description

Application area

The utility model relates to systems and smoke removal of attic / attic rooms of multi-apartment buildings and can be used in the conversion of these rooms to the workshops of artists and architects, or other purposes.

State of the art

Currently, in already constructed multi-apartment residential buildings, there is a need to use attic / attic floors for the premises of artists and architects' workshops, where the placement of residential premises is not allowed according to SNiP 31-01-2003. Due to the attic floor, the useful area of the utility rooms of the house is increased without the use of land.

Roofs with an open attic are known from the prior art [1, 2], where the attic is ventilated through ventilation openings in the outer walls of the attic and parapets along the contour of a multi-storey building, which saves up to 30 percent of heat for heating a multi-storey building, but this option cannot be used in high-rise buildings with an impassable attic and a pitched roof with an external gutter. Also, the disadvantage of such a ventilation system of the basement of the building is the complexity of its arrangement in the already built house. It requires the installation of new ventilation pipes through the ventilation shaft.

The multistory building [3] is known from the prior art, including a roof with a cold or warm walk-through attic, a ventilation shaft with ventilation ducts and a common roof-cutting head with an umbrella, characterized in that a wing regulator of air draft from rooms through ventilation ducts is installed in the ventilation shaft head to change the living section the head depending on the temperature of the cold air, and the regulator has flaps made of galvanized roofing steel with rotation axes, the ends of which are welded to a steel frame embedded in the masonry head about the contour of its section.

The disadvantage of such a ventilation system of the attic floor of the building is the difficulty of its arrangement in the already built house. It requires the installation of new ventilation pipes through the ventilation shaft.

The closest solution is the smoke exhaust system described in SNiP 21-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures." The requirements for the implementation of smoke protection systems and its individual elements are set out in SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”.

The smoke protection system, depending on the space-planning solution and the number of storeys of the building, may include a smoke removal system from rooms and (or) corridors in case of fire, a system for removing smoke and gases after a fire, a system for ensuring smoke-free stairwells, a system for supporting air in mines elevators, stair-elevator, stair and elevator halls.

In exhaust smoke ventilation systems, in accordance with SNiP 41-1-2003, special fans are installed that work reliably for at least two hours when moving gas-air mixtures with temperatures up to 400 ° C.

In the general case, the smoke exhaust system includes (see [4]) an exhaust ventilation system with floor valves in the smoke exhaust shaft (s), which automatically open from fire detection means in case of fire; supply ventilation system for air in the elevator shafts, which, when a fire is detected, descend to the 1st floor, their doors open (then they serve only firefighters according to a special algorithm).

For installation in smoke exhaust systems today, simple smoke exhaust valves [4] are used, which are suitable only for the removal of smoke and warm air. In addition, universal fire dampers are also used. They can be used not only in smoke exhaust systems, but also in general ventilation, blocking openings in the places where air ducts pass through floors, walls and partitions (fire-retardant valves). Issues related to the purpose, scope and required characteristics of smoke exhaust valves, as well as how to control them in case of fire, are discussed in sufficient detail in SNiP 2.04.05-91 *, SNiP 2.01.02-89, SNiP 21.01-97 *.

It should be noted that in general, smoke valves perform the following functions:

- ensuring the removal of smoke from rooms with a fire source or adjacent premises on the floor where the fire occurred;

- reduction of air leakage into the smoke exhaust channel on other floors of the building to the required level;

- providing air supply to the premises protected from smoke (non-smoke stairwells, vestibule locks, etc.).

The disadvantage of this smoke removal system is its operability within all floors, except the attic. This system does not work in it.

Effect: a utility model allows for efficient smoke removal of attic / attic floors without significant costs for its arrangement; technical simplicity of the system.

Utility Model Implementation

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the smoke removal system of the attic / attic of an apartment building is equipped with fire detectors, a smoke removal valve, characterized in that it is brought into the common riser of the smoke removal system of the building.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. The design diagram of the smoke exhaust system of the attic / attic of an apartment building is shown, where 1 is the building, 2 is the space of the rooms on the floors of the building, 3 is the attic / attic of the building, 4 is the outlet pipe of the riser of the smoke exhaust system of the building, 5 is the floor, 6 is the general riser of the smoke exhaust system of the building, 7 - smoke and / or fire sensor, 8 - electric motor of the ventilation / smoke removal system, rotating exhaust fan when the fire alarm system is turned on, 11 - elevator shaft, 12 - smoke removal valve on the floors building 14 - hearth smoke, 15 - the roof of the building, 16 - valve smoke in the attic / attic.

Utility Model Implementation

The smoke exhaust valve (16) is discharged into the common riser (6) of the smoke exhaust system of the building (1). The technical result is realized due to the fact that when the corresponding sensor (7) responds to smoke or fire, the fire system is activated in the entire building (1). The elevator goes down to the first floor, opens the door and turns off. This opens the corresponding smoke exhaust valve (12) on the floors (2) of the building, or smoke exhaust valve (16) on the attic / attic floor (3) of the building.

The simplicity of the system is based on the formation of the valve (16), and its insertion into the smoke exhaust channel (6).

Since the general smoke removal system of buildings has long been proven effective, the claimed system based on the principle of operation of this known system will also be effective.

An exhaust fan mounted on the valve (16) (not shown in the drawing) additionally gives the smoke exhaust system greater efficiency.

Thus, the claimed system can function as a smoke removal system of the attic / attic of a building.

Information sources:

1. A.S. USSR №777184

2. A.S. USSR No. 102584

3. patent RU 2263752

4. http://www.opasnosti.net/index.php?/los/catalog/security/newpagel75/

Claims (2)

1. The smoke removal system of the attic / attic of an apartment building, equipped with fire detectors, a smoke removal valve, characterized in that it is brought into the common riser of the smoke removal system of the building. 2. The smoke exhaust system of the attic of an apartment building according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke exhaust valve and / or air duct of the exhaust system are additionally equipped with forced ventilation.