RU82392U1 - RECEIVING RADIOCENTER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to radio communications and can be used in shortwave radio centers of stationary and mobile types. The objective of the utility model is to reduce the levels of diffraction maxima of the resulting PRMTs DNs, increase the efficiency of PRMC signals reception at low elevation angles (along the earth's surface), and improve matching of the AE output impedance with the feeder and input circuits of the MRPU. The receiving radio center contains N main antenna elements (AE), N multichannel radio receivers (MRPU), a device for demodulating and decoding signals, MPPU contains a matching device at M outputs, the input of which is an input of MPPU and connected to the output of the antenna element, each of M outputs matching the switchgear is connected to the input of each of the M analog-to-digital paths, consisting of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and connected in series through its inputs and outputs of the high-frequency path a (tunable bandpass-filter PPF) controlled attenuator, wherein, PPF input is input of the analog-digital path, all

N antenna elements are located on the ground in accordance with a given configuration, the ADC input through the output and input of the high-frequency amplifier is connected to the output of the controlled attenuator, the ADC output is connected to the first input of the digital converter, which is part of the analog-to-digital receiving path, while the digital converter contains connected quadrature converter, the input of which is the input of the digital converter, the output of the cosine component of the quadrature converter is connected through h input and output of the first digital low-pass filter (DPSF) with the input of the first decimation filter (DF), the output of which, like the output of the second DF, is connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer MPPU, the input of the second DF is connected through the output and input of the second DSP with a sine output component of the quadrature transducer, the cosine and sine inputs of the reference signal of which receive signals from the cosine and sine outputs of the digital sine-cosine generator (CSKG), respectively, the first and second control outputs of the control unit Lenia and synchronization (WCD) MRPU connected to the control inputs and the controlled attenuator PPF respectively each of the M analog-to-digital reception paths MRPU, second control input-output connected to the WCD MRPU

the control input-output of the CSKG of the digital converter, the third output of the BUS of the MRPU is connected to the input of the reference signal of the CSKG of the digital converter, the first (cosine) and second (sinus) outputs of each of the M analog-to-digital receive paths are connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer MPPU, the first input-output which is connected to the first control input-output of the MCU MCU, the first output of the reference signal of the MPCU multiplexer is connected to the first input of the reference signal of the MCU MPU, the second output of the MCU multiplexer is connected to the second input the house of test signals of the MCU MCU, through the fourth output of the MCCB MCU test signals are fed to the second input of the matching switchgear, the second inputs and outputs of the MPCU multiplexer of each of the N MCCUs, which are the input-output of the MCCS, are connected via the MPCU communication lines to the corresponding first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer the network of the receiving radio center, the first outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the beamforming unit (BFDN), whose M information outputs are connected to the M information inputs roystva demodulation and decoding of signals M analog data outputs are connected to M inputs of the switch information channels, discrete outputs M

information (data) of the device demodulation and decoding of signals are connected to the M inputs of the controller unit (BC), the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the device demodulation and decoding of signals, the second inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the corresponding first control inputs and outputs of the switch information channels, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the compaction and channelization equipment (AUC), while the second inputs and outputs of the AUC are the inputs and outputs of the receiver radio center, and the third inputs and outputs of the AUK are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the BC, the fourth inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment, the fifth inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the inputs and outputs of the computer, which is the control panel of the receiving radio center, sixth the inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the test signal generator, the outputs of the information channel switch are connected to the inputs of the terminal equipment, the first control inputs and outputs of the BFDN are connected to the seventh inputs and outputs of B First BFDN entrance, as well as the (M + 1) -th clock input demodulators unit, connected to the first output of the reference signal, the second outputs are connected to first inputs

multiplexers of the receiving radio center network, the second control inputs and outputs of the multiplexer of the receiving radio center network are connected to the eighth inputs and outputs of the BC, and the second input of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center is connected to the output of the test signal generator, at least 2N additional antenna elements, 3N additional strip transmission filters with fixed values of frequency bandwidths, N adders of high-frequency signals, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of each of N MPPUs, and to three The outputs of each of the N adders are connected to the outputs of three band-pass filters combined with fixed values of the frequency pass-band (PPF with FZPPCH), covering the operating frequency range of the PRMC, inputs of PFF with PFZPCH are connected to the corresponding AE outputs, AE groups of 3N elements form as at least three coaxially placed annular antenna arrays (CAR) by N AE in each CAR, AE of the second CAR are displaced in the azimuthal plane with respect to the AE of the first and third circular antenna arrays located on the same p radius, AE 3N group of elements is formed of at least three linear antenna array (LAR) of N AE LAR in each direction reference lines coincide with the azimuth on

radio subscriber, N antenna elements of each of the LARs are made equal, the geometric dimensions of each group of antenna elements and the distances between them along the lines of their placement in each of the LARs are consistent with the subband of operating frequencies formed by these AEs of the linear antenna array.

Description

The utility model relates to radio communications and can be used in shortwave radio centers of stationary and mobile types.

Known receiving short-wave (KB) radio communication centers providing simultaneous interaction with radio subscribers on radio paths of various directions and lengths at varying operating frequencies. The receiving radio centers (PrmTs) include a set of collective receiving antennas, a switching and distribution path, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of N radio receivers (by the number of simultaneously served radio subscribers), N demodulators, a set of intermediate and terminal equipment (intra-node communication equipment, sealing equipment and channel formation, terminal equipment), operator panel [1, 2].

The disadvantages of these receiving radio centers are:

- significant areas needed to accommodate sets of full-sized short-wave receiving antennas for collective use, providing, in the range of operating frequencies (1.5 ... 30) MHz, the interaction of the PMC with radio subscribers on radio paths of various directions (azimuths) and various lengths;

- low noise immunity of the PMC, due to the presence of a group switching and distribution path with broadband high-frequency amplifiers at the inputs, compensating for the loss in dividing the power of the output signal of a collective receiving antenna to the inputs of radio receivers [1].

Known radio receiving center [3], containing N antenna unit elements (AE), N multichannel radio receivers (MRPU), a device for demodulating and decoding signals, MPPU contains a matching distribution device for M outputs, the input of which is the input of MPPU and connected to the output of a single antenna element, each of the M outputs of the matching switchgear is connected to the input of each of the M analog-to-digital paths, consisting of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and connected in series through without its own inputs and outputs of a high-frequency path (tunable band-pass filter - PPF) controlled by an attenuator, moreover, the input of the PPF is the input of the analog-digital path, while all N antenna elements are located on the ground in accordance with a given configuration, the ADC input through the output and the input of the high-frequency amplifier is connected to the output of the controlled attenuator, the ADC output is connected to the first input of the digital converter, which is part of the analog-to-digital receiving path, while the digital converter holds a serially connected quadrature converter input

which is the input of the digital converter, the output of the cosine component of the quadrature converter is connected through the input and output of the first digital low-pass filter (DSP) to the input of the first decimation filter (DF), the output of which, like the output of the second, DF, is connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer MPPU, the input of the second DF is connected through the output and input of the second DSP with the output of the sine component of the quadrature converter, to the cosine and sine inputs of the reference signal of which signals from the cosine and sine outputs, respectively, of a digital sine cosine generator (CSKG), the first and second control outputs of the control and synchronization unit (BUS) of the MPPU are connected to the control inputs of the PPF and the controlled attenuator of each of the M analog-digital receive paths of the MPPU, the second control input-output BUS MRPA is connected to the control input-output of the CSKG digital converter, the third output BUS MPD is connected to the input of the reference signal CSKG of the digital converter, the first (cosine) and second (sine) outputs to Each of the M analog-to-digital receive paths is connected to the corresponding inputs of the MPPU multiplexer, the first input-output of which is connected to the first control input-output of the MPPU bus, the first output of the MPPU multiplexer reference signal is connected to the first input of the MPPU reference signal, the second output of the MPPU multiplexer with the second input of the test signals BUS MCU, through the fourth output of the BUS MCU

test signals are fed to the second input of the matching switchgear, the second inputs and outputs of the MPPU multiplexer of each of the N MPPUs, which are the MPPU input-output, are connected through the MPPU communication lines to the corresponding first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center, the first outputs of which are connected to the first inputs beamforming unit (BFDN), M information outputs of which are connected to M information inputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device, M analog inputs the formation outputs of which are connected to the M inputs of the switch of information channels, the M outputs of discrete information (data) of the demodulation and decoding device are connected to the M inputs of the controller unit (BC), the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device, the second inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the corresponding first control inputs and outputs of the switch of information channels, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the device sealing and channel formation (AUC), while the second inputs and outputs of the AUC are the inputs and outputs of the receiving radio center, and the third inputs and outputs of the AUC are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the BC, the fourth inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment, the fifth inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the inputs and outputs of the computer, which is the control panel of the receiving radio center operator, the sixth inputs and outputs of the BC

connected to the control inputs and outputs of the test signal generator, the outputs of the information channel switch are connected to the inputs of the terminal equipment, the first control inputs and outputs of the BFDN are connected to the seventh inputs and outputs of the BC, the first input of the BFDN, as well as the (M + 1) -th synchronizing the input of the demodulator block is connected to the first output of the reference signal block, the second outputs of which are connected to the first inputs by the multiplexers of the receiving radio center network, the second control inputs and outputs of the multiplexer of the receiving radio center network connected to the eight inputs-outputs of the BC, and the second input of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center is connected to the output of the test signal generator.

The disadvantages of this receiving radio center are:

- a low value of the gain (KU) of the resulting radiation patterns (LH) of the PrmTs in the lower part of the short-wave (KB) range of operating frequencies, due to the large value of the necessary overlap coefficient K _{p HDR} over the range of working frequencies (DFR) PrmTs [K _{p DRC} = (10 ...twenty)];

- a limited range of operating frequencies of the PMC, determined by a fixed distance between the AE when placing them on the ground;

- the effect of AE parameters on the resulting MD of the receiving radio center with a twofold or more change in the range of operating frequencies of the received signals;

- a significant range of changes in the electrical parameters of a single AE (for example, for the “Pin 10 m” antenna, the active component in the operating frequency range (1.5 ... 30 MHz) varies in the range R _A = (2.0 ... 1000) Ohm ; and the reactive component in the same range of operating frequencies (1.5 ... 30 MHz) varies within X _A = (minus 2000 ... plus 200) Ohms; [4], p. 79; / frequency overlap coefficient takes a value of 20 times), causes a significant mismatch in the output of a single AE with a feeder and input circuits of the MCI.

An attempt to realize a sufficiently high KU value of the resulting radiation patterns of the PMC in the lower part of the KB of the operating frequency range by optimizing the distance between the AEs in the lower part of the RFD and optimizing the geometric dimensions of the AE leads to a significant number of diffraction maxima in the resulting PRMCs with high-frequency part of the RFD with values comparable with the values of the main maxima of the PRMTs DN, and, as a result, the overall efficiency of the PRMTs decrease.

A twofold and more than twofold increase in the value of the operating frequencies with respect to the characteristic (resonant) frequency of the AE leads to a sharp decrease in the KE of the AE (and the PrMC as a whole) along the surface of the earth, and for h _A λ _P (for vertical asymmetric AE) even 1 _A 2λ _P (for symmetric AEs), [h _A (1 _A ) - geometric height (length) of a vertical asymmetric (symmetric) AE; λ _P - wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the received radio signal], KU AE

along the earth’s surface is zero ([5], p.31, 32; Fig. 2.3 g, 2.3d), while the bisector of the antenna element’s bottom is directed at an elevation angle Δ = 54 ° relative to the earth’s surface (for a vertical asymmetric radiator), which causes a sharp decrease in the KU of the resulting PRMTs DN at small elevation angles.

The objective of the utility model is to reduce the levels of diffraction maxima of the resulting PRMTs DNs, increase the efficiency of PRMC signals reception at low elevation angles (along the earth's surface), and improve matching of the AE output impedance with the feeder and input circuits of the MRPU.

The solution to these problems is achieved by the fact that in the receiving radio center, containing N main antenna elements (AE), N multi-channel radio receivers (MRPU), a device for demodulating and decoding signals, MPPU contains a matching distribution device for M outputs, the input of which is the input of MPPU and connected with the output of the antenna element, each of the M outputs of the matching switchgear is connected to the input of each of the M analog-to-digital paths consisting of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and after ovatelno connected through its inputs and outputs a high-frequency path (tunable bandpass filter - PPF) controlled attenuator, wherein, PPF input is input of the analog-digital path, all N antenna

elements are placed on the ground in accordance with a given configuration, the ADC input through the output and input of the high-frequency amplifier is connected to the output of the controlled attenuator, the ADC output is connected to the first input of the digital converter, which is part of the analog-to-digital receive path, while the digital converter contains series-connected quadrature the converter, the input of which is the input of the digital converter, the output of the cosine component of the quadrature converter is connected through the input to the course of the first digital low-pass filter (DSP) with the input of the first decimation filter (DF), the output of which, like the output of the second DF, is connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer MPPU, the input of the second DF is connected through the output and input of the second DSP with the output of the sine component of the quadrature converter , on the cosine and sine inputs of the reference signal which receives signals from the cosine and sine outputs of the digital sine-cosine generator (CSKG), respectively, the first and second control outputs of the control unit and s synchronization (BUS) MRPU connected to the control inputs of the PPF and the controlled attenuator, respectively, of each of the M analog-digital receiving paths MPPU, the second control input-output of the BUS MPPU is connected to the control input-output of the CSKG digital converter, the third output of the BUS MPPU is connected to the input of the reference signal CSKG digital converter, the first (cosine) and second (sine) outputs of each of M analog-to-digital

the receiving paths are connected to the corresponding inputs of the MPPU multiplexer, the first input-output of which is connected to the first control input-output of the MPPU bus, the first output of the MPPU multiplexer reference signal is connected to the first input of the MPPU reference signal, the second output of the MPPU multiplexer is connected to the second input of the BUS test signals MPPU, through the fourth output of the bus MPPP test signals are fed to the second input of the matching switchgear, the second inputs and outputs of the multiplex MPPP of each of N MPPU, which are inputs - the output of the MRPU, are connected through the communication lines of the MRPU with the corresponding first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center, the first outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the beam forming unit (BFDN), the M information outputs of which are connected to the M information inputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device, M analog information outputs of which are connected to M inputs of a switch of information channels, M outputs of discrete information (data) of a demodulation device and a decoder Signals are connected to the M inputs of the controller unit (BC), the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device, the second inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the corresponding first control inputs and outputs of the information channel switch, and the second inputs and outputs which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the sealing equipment and

channelization (AUC), while the second inputs and outputs of the AUC are the inputs and outputs of the receiving radio center, and the third inputs and outputs of the AUC are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the BC, the fourth inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment, the fifth inputs are the outputs of the BC are connected to the inputs and outputs of the computer, which is the control panel of the receiving radio center operator, the sixth inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the test signal generator, the outputs of the information channel switch are connected to the inputs equipment, the first control inputs-outputs of the BFDN are connected to the seventh inputs and outputs of the BK, the first input of the BFDN, as well as the (M + 1) -th synchronizing input of the block of demodulators, is connected to the first output of the block of reference signals, the second outputs of which are connected to the first the inputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center, the second control inputs and outputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center are connected to the eighth inputs and outputs of the BC, and the second input of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center is connected to the output of the test signal generator at least 2N additional antenna elements, 3N additional bandpass filters with fixed values of the frequency passband, N adders of high-frequency signals, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of each of the N MRPUs, and the outputs of the combined three-band outputs are connected to three inputs of each of the N adders pass filters with fixed bandwidths

in frequency (PFF with FZPPCH), covering the range of operating frequencies of the PRMC, the inputs of PFF with PFZPCH are connected to the corresponding outputs of the AE.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a receiving radio center containing 3N antenna elements 1 _1/1 , 1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3} , of which 2N antenna elements (1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 ; 2 _1/2 , 2 _1/3 ; ... and 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3} ) are additional antenna elements, 3N additional bandpass filters with fixed frequency bandwidths of 2 _1/1 , 2 _1/2 , 2 _1/3 , ..., 2 _{N / 1} , 2 _{N / 2} , 2 _{N / 3} , N adders of high-frequency signals 3 ₁ , ..., 3 _{N, N} multichannel radio receiving device (MRPU) 4 ₁ ... 4 _N, each of which comprises a matching dispenser 5, an M logo-digital paths (6 _1, ... 6 _M), containing a high-frequency path (PoPo-transmissive tunable filter - PPF) 7 controlled attenuator 8, a high frequency amplifier 9, the analog-digital converter (ADC) 10, the digitizer 11 comprising a quadrature converter 12, a first digital low-pass filter (DSP) 13, a first decimation filter (DF) 14, a second DSP 15, a second DF 16, a controlled digital sine-cosine generator (CSKG) 17, a control and synchronization unit (BUS) MPPU 18, multiplexer MPPU 19, N communication lines MPPU (20 ₁ ... 20 _N ), a network multiplexer of a receiving radio center 21, a beamforming unit (BFDN) 22, a signal demodulation and decoding device 23, a controller unit (BC) 24, a reference signal unit 25,

information channel switch 26, terminal equipment 27, compaction and channelization equipment (AUK) 28, data transmission equipment 29, computers (operator console of the receiving radio center) 30, test signal generator 31.

The relationship between the elements of the receiving center is as follows. Antenna elements 1 _1/1 , 1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3 are} connected by their outputs to the inputs of 3N additional bandpass filters with fixed values of passband in frequency 2 _1/1 , 2 _1/2 , 2 _1/3 , ..., 2 _{N / 1} , 2 _{N / 2} , 2 _{N / 3} , the outputs of N adders of high-frequency signals 3 ₁ ... 3 _{N are} connected to the inputs of each of the N MCUs 4 ₁ ... 4 _N , and the outputs of the combined three-band-pass filters with fixed values of the frequency bandwidths (PPF with FZPPCH) 2 _{1 are} connected to the three inputs of each of N adders 3 ₁ ... 3 _{N / 1,} 2 _1/2, 2 _1/3, ..., 2 _{N / 1,} 2, _{N / 2} 2 _{N / 3,} wherein every tr bedinennyh PPF with FZPPCH overlap Martyr range of operating frequencies, inputs PPF with FZPPCH 2 _1/1, 2 _1/2, 2 _1/3, ..., 2 _{N / 1,} 2, _{N / 2} 2 _{N / 3} are connected to the outputs combined three different sizes of AE (1 _1/1 , 1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3} ,) inputs MPPU 4 ₁ ... 4 _N are the inputs of the matching switchgear 5 to M outputs included in each of the MPPU 4 ₁ ... 4 _N. Each of the M outputs of the matching distribution device 5 is connected to the input of each of the M analog-to-digital paths (6 ₁ ... 6 _M ), consisting of a high-frequency path (tunable band-pass connected in series through its inputs and outputs)

filter - PPF) 7, controlled attenuator 8, high-frequency amplifier 9, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 10, moreover, the input of PPF 7 is the input of the analog-digital path 6. All 3N antenna elements 1 _1/1 , 1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3} are placed on the ground in accordance with a given configuration (linear, ring). The output of the ADC 10 is connected to the first input of the digital converter 11, which is part of the analog-to-digital receive path 6, while the digital converter 10 contains a series-connected quadrature converter 12, the input of which is the input of a digital converter 11, the output of the cosine component of the quadrature converter 12 is connected through an input and the output of the first digital low-pass filter (DSP) 13 with the input of the first decimation filter (DF) 14, the output of which, like the output of the second DF 16, is connected to the corresponding the inputs of the multiplexer MRPU 19, the input of the second DF 16 is connected through the output and input of the second DFCH 15 to the output of the sine component of the quadrature converter 12. The cosine and sine inputs of the reference signal of the quadrature converter 12 receive signals from the cosine and sine outputs, respectively, of a digital sine-cosine generator (CSKG ) 17. The first and second control outputs of the control and synchronization unit (BUS) of the MPU 18 are connected to the control inputs of the PPF 7 and the controlled attenuator 8, respectively, of each of the M analogs rovyh reception paths 6 MRPU 4, second control input-output MRPU WCD 18 is connected to

the control input-output of the CSKG 17 of the digital converter 11, the third output of the BUS MRPU 18 is connected to the input of the reference signal of the CSKG 17 of the digital converter 11, and the first (cosine) and second (sinus) outputs of each of the M analog-digital receive paths 6 are connected to the corresponding inputs multiplexer MPPU 19. The first input-output of multiplexer MPPU 19 is connected to the first control input-output of BUS MPPU 18, the first output of the reference signal of multiplexer MPPU 19 is connected to the first input of the reference signal BUS MPPU 18, the second output is multiplex Ora MPPU 19 is connected to the second input of the test signals of the MPPU MCU 18. Through the fourth output of the PCP MCU 18 the test signals are fed to the second input of the matching switchgear 5, the second inputs and outputs of the MPPU multiplexer 19 of each of the N MPPUs (4 ₁ ... 4 _N ) , which are the input-output of the MPPU 4, are connected through the communication lines of the MPPU (20 ₁ ... 20 _N ) with the corresponding first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer of the network 21 of the receiving radio center. The first outputs of the multiplexer of the network 21 are connected to the first inputs of the beamforming unit (BFDN) 22, the M information outputs of which are connected to the M information inputs of the demodulation and signal decoding device 23. The analog information outputs (1 ... M) of the signal demodulating and decoding device 23 connected to (1 ... M) inputs of the switch information channels 26, M outputs of discrete information (data) of the device demodulation and decoding of signals

23 are connected to the M inputs of the controller unit (BC) 24, the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device 23. The second inputs and outputs of the BC 24 are connected to the corresponding first control inputs and outputs of the information channel switch 26, the second the inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the compaction and channelization equipment (AUC) 28, while the second inputs and outputs of the AUC 28 are the inputs and outputs of the receiving radio center, and the third inputs and outputs of the AUC 28 are connected to all the inputs and outputs of the BC 24. The fourth inputs and outputs of the BC 24 are connected to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment 29, the fifth inputs and outputs of the BC 24 are connected to the inputs and outputs of the computer 30, which is the control panel of the receiving radio center, the sixth inputs and outputs of the BC 24 are connected with the control inputs and outputs of the test signal generator 31. The outputs of the information channel switch 26 are connected to the inputs of the terminal equipment 27, the first control inputs and outputs of the BFDN 22 are connected to the seventh inputs and outputs of the BK 24, the first input of the BFDN 22, as well as (M + 1st) synchronization the isolating input of the demodulation and decoding device 23 is connected to the first output of the reference signal block 25. The second outputs of the reference signal block 25 are connected to the first inputs by the multiplexers of the receiving radio center network 21, the second, the control inputs and outputs of the multiplexer of the receiving radio center network 21 are connected to the eight inputs / outputs BK 24, and the second input of the network multiplexer 21

the receiving radio center is connected to the output of the test signal generator 31. Basic 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} and additional 1 _1/2 , 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/2 , 1 _2/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 2} , 1 _{N / 3} AE, depending on the specified characteristics of the formed PRMTs and the tasks solved by the PRMC, are placed on the ground in the form:

a) coaxially located on the ground plane of at least three annular antenna arrays (AR), the first group of AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 , ... 1 _{N / 1} forms the first annular AR of a larger radius R ₁ , the second AE group 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 , ..., 1 _{N / 2} forms the second ring AR of average radius R ₂ , the third AE group 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 3} forms a third ring AR of minimum radius R ₃ ; the first group of AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , forming an annular AR of a larger radius R ₁ , with its geometric dimensions is consistent with the lower part of the operating frequency range of the PrmTs, the second group of AE 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 ... 1 _{N / 2} , forming the second ring AR of average radius R ₂ , with its geometric dimensions is consistent with the middle part of the operating frequency range of the PrMC, and the third group of AE 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , ... , 1 _{N / 3} , forming the third ring AR of the minimum radius R ₃ , with its geometric dimensions is consistent with the upper part of the operating frequency range of the PrMC;

b) at least three linear ARs are placed in parallel, the direction of the base lines (i.e. the lines connecting the AE centers of the linear ARs) coincides with the direction of the azimuth to the radio subscriber (s); the first linear AR, consisting of the first group of AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} , with their geometric dimensions (distance d ₁ between AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 ..., 1 _{N / 1} and geometrical dimensions of AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/1 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} ) agreed

with the lower part of the operating frequency range of the PrMC; the second linear AR, consisting of the second group of AE 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 ... 1 _{N / 2} , with their geometric dimensions (distance d ₂ between AE 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 , ..., 1 _{N / 2} and geometrical dimensions of AE 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 , ..., 1 _{N / 2} ) are consistent with the middle part of the operating frequency range of the PrMC; the third linear AR, consisting of the third group of AE 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 3} , with their geometric dimensions (distance (d ₃ between AE 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , .. ., 1 _{N / 3} and the geometric dimensions of the AE 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 3} ) are consistent with the upper part of the operating frequency range of the PrMC. The AE placement for the cases considered (N = 8) is shown in Figures 2a and 2b, respectively.The distribution of the passband of the PPF with FZPPCH 2 _1/1 , 2 _1/2 , 2 _1/3 , ..., 2 _{N / 1} , 2 _{N / 2} 2 _{N / 3} over the range of operating frequencies shown in Figure 3. in this case, retaining strips, characterized by a high value of damping factor K ₃ (f) PPF with FZ Inverter and disposed between the passbands (transparency) PPF with FZPPCH 2 _1/1 and 2 _1/2, 2 _1/2, 2 _1/3, ..., 2 _{N / 1} and 2, _{N / 2} 2 _{N / 2} and 2 _{N / 3} are located on the frequency axis, as shown in Fig. 3, (f _n ; f _c are the upper and lower values of the operating frequency range of the PrMC) in the intervals corresponding to the location on the frequency axis of the broadcast sections KB of the wavelength range (t .n “energy clots” - [6], p. 68), at frequencies: (5950 ... 6200 kHz / “49 meters”); (7100 ... 7300 kHz / "41 meters"); ..., (17550 ... 17990 kHz / "16 meters"), which reduces the level of interference at the inputs of analog - digital

paths 6 MPPU 4 ₁ ... 4 _N and, thus, provides increased noise immunity of the proposed PrmTs.

The receiving radio center operates as follows. Before starting sessions with radio subscribers in a computer (operator’s console) 30, special software (STR) and initial data on conducting communication sessions are downloaded:

- coordinates of the location on the terrain of all antenna elements (1 _1/1 ... 1 _{N / 3} ): R _i (x _i , У _i z _i ), i = (1,2, ..., 3N), relative to the phase the center of the antenna array (AR) formed by antenna elements (1 _1/1 ... 1 _{N / 3} );

- the values of the parameters of the radio paths (azimuths, lengths) of the arrival of signals from radio subscribers;

- the values of the operating frequencies [wavelengths λ _m , m = (1 ... M)] of signals coming from radio subscribers;

- modes of operation with each radio subscriber (the nature of the received information - speech, data; data arrival rate; radiation classes of received signals, etc.).

Using the STR and the input data for each antenna element (1 _1/1 ... 1 _{N / 3} ), the spatial phase incursion Φ _{Σi, m} is determined at a distance d _{i, m} when forming the m-th radiation pattern, which is the scalar product vectors R _i and r _m ([7], p.164):

where: - r _m = {ξ _xm ξ _уm , ξ _zm } is the unit vector that determines the direction in space of the t-th incoming ray from the radio subscriber, and, therefore, the position in space of the m-th bisector of the radiation pattern being formed, m = (1 ... M);

- R _i is the vector connecting the phase center of the receiving AR formed by the antenna elements with the location of the antenna element in space; defined earlier.

Taking into account the initial and calculated data, the computer 30 using the STR generates control signal codes for each of the (N * M) PPF 7, controlled attenuators 8, CSKG 17 and BFDN 22. The values of the codes of the control signals arriving at BFDN 22 are determined by the whole part of the necessary raid phase Ф _{Σi, m of the} i-th antenna element during the formation of the m-th radiation pattern:

where: k _{i, m} = 0, 1, 2 is an integer; s = 3 * 10 ⁸ m / s; τ is the quantization period of the ADC 10; λ _m is the wavelength of the received signal of the m-th analog-digital path (6 ₁ ... 6 _M ), m = (1 ... M),] ... ... [is the sign of the allocation of the integer part of the number. The values of the codes of the control signals arriving at CSKG 17 are determined by λ _m - the wavelength of the received signal of the m-th analog-digital path (6 ₁ ... 6 _M ), m = (1 ... M) and the fractional part of the necessary phase incursion [Ф _{Σi, m} ]:

where: (k _{i, m} + Δk _{i, m} ) = d _{i, m} / (s * τ); [...] is the mark of the fractional part of the number. Such a representation of the necessary phase incursion Φ _{Σi, m} i _-th antenna element during the formation of the m-th radiation pattern provides the minimum error in the formation of a plane wave front of the signal coming from the m-th radio subscriber. The control signals from the output of the computer 30 through the fifth and eighth inputs and outputs of the BC 24, the second and first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer network PRMTS 21, communication lines MRPU 20 ₁ ... 20 _N , the second and first inputs and outputs of the multiplexers MRPU 19, BUS MRPU 18 are fed to the control inputs of PPF 7, controlled attenuator 8, CSKG 17 of each of the (N * M) analog-digital paths 6. After setting up all the analog-digital paths 6, they are checked using the test signal generator 31, the output of which is through the second input Martyr multiplexer network 21, link MRPU 20 ₁ ... 20 _N, via sec MRPU th output of the multiplexer 19 and the fourth output MRPU WCD 18 is connected to the second input of each of the N matching dispenser 5. The test signals with frequencies corresponding to the frequencies of tuning an analog-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _M, applied to the inputs of these paths. After passing through the entire path, the test signals from the outputs of the analog-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _M are fed to the inputs of the demodulation and decoding device 23, in which, using the STR and computer 30, a decision is made about the health of each path and the PRMC as a whole. After that, the test signals are disconnected from the second input of the matching switchgear 5 and on it

the first input signals from the output of the antenna element 1 _1/1 , ..., 1 _{N / 3} , coming from radio subscribers. The signals from the outputs of the matching switchgear 5 of each of the MPDU 4 ₁ ... 4 _N are fed to the inputs of the analog-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _{M of} each of the MPPU 4 ₁ ... 4 _N.

The input signals (MxN) of the analog-to-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _{M of} each of the MCUs 4 ₁ ... 4 _{N are} converted using quadrature converter 12 and CSKG 17 into quadrature signals with a phase shift defined by expression (3), then these the signals are filtered by the first DPSF 13 and the second DPSF 15, and processed by the first 14 and second 16 decimation filters, respectively. The output quadrature signals C _i and S _i , i = 1,2, ... of the digital converters 11 of each of the M analogs - digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _M are combined by MPPU multiplexers 19 and via communication lines 20 ₁ ... 20 _N arrive at the corresponding inputs and outputs of the PrmC 21 network multiplexer. From the first outputs of the PrmC 21 network multiplexer, the output signals of the analog-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _{M of} each of N MPPUs 4 ₁ ... 4 _N go to the input of the BFDN 22, in which quadrature signals C _i and S _{i of} each of ix analog-to-digital paths 6 are summed in pairs (i = 1,2, ..., M), stored and, in accordance with the expression (2) are selected to form the m-th radiation pattern, and the total signal corresponding to the m-th radiation pattern (m = 1.2 ... M) contains the sum of N phase-delayed in accordance with expressions (2) and (3) signals. The signals thus obtained from the M outputs of the BFDN 22 are fed to M

the inputs of the demodulation and decoding device 23, which, in accordance with the radio program, performs demodulation and decoding of signals from M radio subscribers. The signals of the telephone radiation classes from the M analog outputs of the demodulation and decoding device are fed through the inputs and outputs of the information channel switch 26 to the inputs of the terminal equipment 27. Data transmission signals (telegraph) from the outputs of the demodulation and decoding device 23 are fed through the third input-output of the BC 24 to the third input-output AUK 28, the second inputs and outputs of which are outputs PrmTs. When received from radio subscribers of signals containing confidential data, the signals from the outputs of the demodulation and decoding device 23 through the fourth inputs and outputs of the BC 24 are fed to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment 29. The block of reference signals 25 provides synchronization of signal processing by digital converters 11, block the formation of radiation patterns 22, the device demodulation and decoding of signals 23 coming from radio subscribers.

From the point of view of the practical implementation of the PRMC elements, broadband antennas of both vertical polarization [8] and horizontal polarization ([9], p.264) can be used as antenna elements 1 _1/1 ... 1 _{N / 3} , and in as analog-to-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _M - single-board digital paths [10] with PPF at the input, providing the necessary characteristics both in bandwidth and

blocking stability [11]. Multiplexing and switching of the generated digital streams coming from the outputs of the analog-digital paths 6 ₁ ... 6 _M to the inputs and outputs of the MPPU 19 multiplexer is organized on standard network protocols using a hierarchical structure of devices of the SWICH type, which makes it possible to increase the number of MPPU 4.

Placement options for AE 1 _1/1 ... 1 _{N / 3} in the form of an annular antenna array (CAR) and a linear antenna array (LAR) are shown in figa) and fig.2b), respectively. It should be noted that for the case of KAP / Fig.2a)/, the antenna elements 1 _1/2 ... 1 _{N / 2} , forming the second KAP ring with radius R ₂ , are circumferentially shifted by an angle Δφ = (π) / N, ( where N is the number of MRPUs 4) that provides an additional isolation between the AEs of the second KAP ring and the AE located in other (first and third) KAP rings, i.e. reduces the effect of the "shadowing" AE.

Figure 3 shows the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the PPF with FZPPCH 2 _1/1 , 2 _2/2 , ..., 2 _{N / 1} ; 2 _1/2 , 2 _2/2 , ..., 2 _{N / 2} ; 2 _1/3 , 2 _2/3 , ..., 2 _{N / 3} , with their inputs connected to the outputs of the AE 1 _1/1 , 1 _2/2 , ..., 1 _{N / 1} ; 1 _1/2 , 1 _2/2 , ..., 1 _{N / 2} ; 1 _1/3 , 1 _2/3 , ..., 1 _{N / 3,} respectively. In figure 3, the signs "49 m"("41m"),"19m"("16m") indicate the position on the frequency axis of the broadcast sections KB of the wavelength range, occupying the intervals: (5950 ... 6200 kHz / " 49 meters ”); [(7100 ... 7300 kHz / “41 meters”)]; ... (15100 ... 15600 kHz / “19 meters”; [(17550 ... 17990 kHz / “16 meters”)]. Select a specific the values of the frequency intervals in which the suppression of the signal level

KB of broadcasting stations (“energy clots”), is determined by the AE range and the operating frequency range of the PMC as a whole.

The choice of the configuration of the AE location on the ground in the form of CAR or LAR is determined by the necessary KND of the resulting PRMTs when solving radio communication problems, because KND LAR at the same distances d between the AE and the same number of AE in the group equal to N, is characterized by a double value in relation to the value of the KND KAR at the same values of the parameters of the AR. At the same time, the capabilities of the CAR in terms of the formation of MDs with constant parameters in the azimuthal plane are significantly higher compared to MD LAR, the width of the radiation pattern in the azimuthal and elevation planes of which depends on the angle of deviation of the bisector of the LAM of the LAR from the normal to the baseline of the LAR (or along the baseline LAR - depending on the type of LAR) and the value of the operating frequency of the signal received in a given direction.

Information sources

1. Chelyshev V.D. Reception radio centers. - M.: “Communication”. - 1975 .-- 264 p.

2. Patent No. 47 597. Russia. IPC Н04В 1/06.

3. Patent No. 72 105. Russia. IPC Н04В 1/00, Н04В 1/06.

4. Zakharov V.P., Levchuk P.F., Muravyov Yu.K., et al. Characteristics of antennas for radio communications. / Ed. Yu.K. Muravyev. - L .: Ed. VKAS. - 1968 .-- 130 s.

5. Belotserkovsky G.B. Antennas - M .: “Owls. radio". - 1969. - 328 p.

6. Bobkov A.M. Real selectivity of radio channels in a complex jamming environment. - S - Pb: Publ. LLC "ABRIS". - 2001 .-- 216 p.

7. Antennas and microwave devices. / Ed. D.I. Voskresensky. - M .: Radio and communication. - 1981. - 432 p.

8. Patent No. 2 226 021, Russia. IPC H01Q 9/34.

9. Aisenberg G. 3., Belousov S.P., Zhurbenko E.M. and other short-wave antennas. - M .: Radio and communication. - 1985. - 536 p.

10. Valeev M.M. A new generation of short-wave radio receivers for modern communication systems. // "Communication in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation." / Under the total. ed. E.A. Karpova - M .: Publishing House. LLC "Information Bridge". - 2006. - P.142, 143.

11. Barashev A.S., Kudryavtsev G.S. Fourth generation radio presets. // Radio communication technology. - 1998. - Issue 4. - S.20-26.

Claims (3)

1. A receiving radio center containing N main antenna elements (AE), N multichannel radio receivers (MRPU), a device for demodulating and decoding signals, MPPU contains matching distribution device for M outputs, the input of which is the input of MPPU and connected to the output of the antenna element, each from the M outputs of the matching switchgear is connected to the input of each of the M analog-to-digital paths, consisting of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and connected in series through its inputs and outputs high-frequency path (tunable pass-pass filter - PPF) controlled attenuator, and the input of the PPF is the input of the analog-digital path, while all N antenna elements are located on the ground in accordance with a given configuration, the ADC input through the output and input of the high-frequency amplifier is connected to the output controlled attenuator, the ADC output is connected to the first input of the digital converter, which is part of the analog-to-digital receive path, while the digital converter contains a series o connected quadrature converter, the input of which is the input of the digital converter, the output of the cosine component of the quadrature converter is connected through the input and output of the first digital low-pass filter (DPSF) to the input of the first decimation filter (DF), the output of which, like the output of the second DF, is connected to the corresponding inputs of the multiplexer MRPU, the input of the second DF is connected through the output and input of the second DSP with the output of the sine component of the quadrature converter, to the cosine and sine inputs of the reference the signal of which receives signals from the cosine and sine outputs of a digital sine-cosine generator (CSKG), respectively, the first and second control outputs of the control and synchronization unit (MCU) of the MPPU are connected to the control inputs of the PPF and the controlled attenuator of each of the M analog-digital receive paths of the MPPU , the second control input-output of the MCU BUS is connected to the control input-output of the CSKG of the digital converter, the third output of the BUS MCU is connected to the input of the reference signal of the CSKG to the digital converter I, the first (cosine) and second (sinus) outputs of each of the M analog-to-digital receive paths are connected to the corresponding inputs of the MPPU multiplexer, the first input-output of which is connected to the first control input-output of the MPU MPU, the first output of the reference signal of the MPPU multiplexer is connected to the first input of the reference signal of the BUS of the MPU, the second output of the multiplexer of the MPU is connected to the second input of the test signals of the BUS of the MPU, through the fourth output of the BUS of the MPU test signals are fed to the second input of the matching distribution device a, the second inputs and outputs of the MPPU multiplexer of each of the N MPPUs, which are the MPPU input-output, are connected via the MPPU communication lines to the corresponding first inputs and outputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center, the first outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the beam forming unit (BFDN), M information outputs of which are connected to M information inputs of a signal demodulation and decoding device, M analog information outputs of which are connected to M inputs of an information channel switch s, M outputs of discrete information (data) of the signal demodulation and decoding device are connected to M inputs of the controller unit (BC), the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the signal demodulation and decoding device, the second inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the corresponding first the control inputs and outputs of the switch of information channels, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected to the first inputs and outputs of the compaction and channelization equipment (AUC), while the second inputs and outputs of the AUC are the inputs and outputs of the receiving radio center, and the third inputs and outputs of the AUK are connected to the third inputs and outputs of the BC, the fourth inputs and outputs of which are connected to the inputs and outputs of the data transmission equipment, the fifth inputs and outputs of the BC are connected to the inputs and outputs of the computer, which is the control panel of the receiving the radio center, the sixth I / O of the BC is connected to the control inputs and outputs of the test signal generator, the outputs of the information channel switch are connected to the inputs of the terminal equipment, the first control inputs and outputs of the BFDN are connected to the gray with the BK input and outputs, the first BFDN input, as well as the (M + 1) -th synchronizing input of the demodulator block, is connected to the first output of the reference signal block, the second outputs of which are connected to the first inputs by the multiplexers of the receiving radio center network, the second control inputs are the outputs of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center are connected to the eighth input-outputs of the BC, and the second input of the multiplexer network of the receiving radio center is connected to the output of the test signal generator, characterized in that at least 2N additional antenna elements, 3N additional bandpass filters with fixed values of frequency bandwidths, N adders of high-frequency signals, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of each of N MRPUs, and the outputs of the combined three bandpass filters with fixed the values of the frequency bandwidths (PPF with FZPPCH), covering the range of operating frequencies of the PRMC, the inputs of PPF with FZPPCh are connected with the corresponding outputs of the AE. 2. The receiving radio center according to claim 1, characterized in that the AE groups of 3N elements form at least three coaxially placed annular antenna arrays (CAR) with different radii of N AE in each CAR, the AE of the second CAR is shifted in the azimuthal plane along with respect to the AEs of the first and third annular antenna arrays located at the same radii, at an angle Δφ = (π) / N, (N is the number of MCIs), N antenna elements of each of the CARs are made equal, the geometric dimensions of each group of antenna elements and the distance between them about of circles with their placement matched operating frequency subband formed by these AE circular antenna array. 3. The receiving radio center according to claim 1, characterized in that the AE groups of 3N elements form at least three linear antenna arrays (LAR) of N AE in each group, the direction of the base lines of each LAR group coincides with the azimuths to the radio subscribers, N antenna elements each LAR group are made equally large, the geometric dimensions of each group of antenna elements and the distances between them along the lines of their placement in each LAR are determined by the subrange of operating frequencies formed by these AE linear antenna arrays.