RU81997U1 - CATALYTIC NEUTRALIZER FOR ICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a housing with double walls and heat insulation between them, inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high-temperature and low-temperature porous sintered metal filters, a rotary mechanism drive pipe located in the central part; a receiver, a bypass valve with bypass pipes, a shutoff valve mounted on the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe of the catalytic converter is connected to the intake manifold of the engine through the bypass pipes and the bypass valve with the receiver, forming a circulation circle, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a suction-discharge device with electric drive, thermocouples located on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the catalytic converter, control unit, electric drive m pipes of the rotary mechanism and electromagnetic valves installed on the bypass and outlet pipes.

Description

The solution relates to engine building and is aimed at better cleaning of exhaust gases, accelerating the internal combustion engine warm-up during cold start and the initial period of engine operation, reducing backpressure in the exhaust system, and more complete combustion of fuel due to the inlet of a more uniform mixture into the engine cylinder in recirculation mode.

A known method of solving the technical problem, according to patent RU No. 2190768 7 F01N 3/28, F02M 25/07, which consists in the fact that the catalytic converter comprises a housing with double walls and thermal insulation between them, inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high temperature and low temperature porous filters made of cermet, which are placed sequentially one after another inside the housing, dividing it into three parts. A pipe is installed in the central part of the housing, connected to the inlet pipe and having windows communicating with cavities formed by catalytic filters. Inside the pipe there is a rotatable pipe with windows matching in configuration and location with the windows of the outer pipe. In addition, the catalyst is connected to the intake manifold forming a circle of exhaust gas circulation with the receiver and the bypass pipes.

In this solution, the converter is additionally equipped with a receiver, bypass pipes and a shut-off valve on the exhaust pipe, in addition, the bypass valve with the receiver and pipes connected to the intake manifold and the exhaust pipe of the converter form a circle of exhaust gases, which eliminates the ingress of untreated exhaust gases into the atmosphere when starting a cold engine.

The disadvantage of this design is: the shutoff valve, the bypass valve of the receiver and the pipe of the rotary mechanism of the converter are controlled by a mechanical drive, there is an increased backpressure of the exhaust gases in the exhaust system in recirculation mode, resulting in interruptions in the engine.

The elimination of the above drawback is the basis of the proposed technical solution.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawing (Figure 1), which shows a longitudinal section of the proposed exhaust system.

The proposed Converter contains a housing 1 with double walls 2,3; 4 thermal insulation between them. The wall 3 and the end caps 5 and 6, mounted on the flanges 7 and 8 of the body, form the inner cavity 9 of the reactor. At the end caps 5 and 6, the inlet 10 and outlet 11 of the neutralizer pipe with flanges 12 and 13 are fixed. In the cavity 9 of the reactor are located

two conically mounted conical porous cermet catalytic filters: a low-temperature 14 and a high-temperature 15. The filters are held by cross struts 16 and 17. A pipe 18 is installed in the center of the reactor, which is a continuation of the inlet pipe of the converter 10 with windows 19 and 20 located in the cavities 21 and 22 formed by filters and separated by a partition 23. Inside the pipe 18 there is a rotary pipe 24 with windows 25 and 26 matching the windows 19 and 20. In addition, the converter is connected to the intake manifold 27, forming a circle of exhaust gas circulation with the receiver 28, the bypass pipes 29 and 30. Solenoid valves 31 are installed on the exhaust pipe of the converter 11 and on the bypass pipe 29 and 32, respectively, controlled by the control unit 33. The pipe 24 of the catalytic converter rotary mechanism is equipped with a reverse electric drive 34. Thermocouples 35 and 36, respectively, connected to the control unit 33 are installed on the inlet 10 and outlet 11 of the converter, and a suction - discharge device 37 is installed on the bypass pipe 29. The suction - discharge device is equipped with an electric drive 38.

The proposed Converter operates as follows: when starting a cold engine 39, the exhaust gas enters the inlet 10 and through the rotary pipe 24 into the reactor of the Converter 1. Then through the window 26 of the rotary pipe 24, the gases enter the cavity 21, where they pass through the walls of the low-temperature catalytic porous filter 14 into the general cavity of the reactor, where they are cleaned from soot, products of incomplete combustion and partially from nitrogen oxides. Then, through the exhaust pipe 11, the gases enter the receiver 28, where the accumulation of exhaust gases and their passage into the intake manifold 27 of the engine 38 takes place. When exhaust gases pass through the intake 10 and the exhaust pipe 11 of the neutralizer, the thermocouples 35 and 36 measure the temperature. The measurement results are transmitted to a control unit 33, which converts the current signals to control ones for closing, opening solenoid valves 31 and 32 (with an appropriate temperature difference between the exhaust gases), turning the pipe 24 of the swivel mechanism of the converter with a reversible electric drive 34, and starting the electric motor 38 of the suction - delivery device 37 .

This ensures stable operation of the engine in gas recirculation mode and more thorough cleaning of exhaust gases during cold start and the initial period of engine operation from soot, products of incomplete combustion and partly from nitrogen oxides, no driver intervention is required in the processes, the flow rate increases gases in the recirculation pipeline, thereby reducing the backpressure of gases in the exhaust system, a more homogeneous mixture is introduced into the engine cylinder, decreasing etsya formation of unburnt particles, resulting in increased engine life.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed catalytic converter has the following advantages: the gas flow rate in the recirculation pipe increases, thereby the back pressure of the gases in the exhaust system decreases, a more uniform mixture is introduced into the engine cylinder, the formation of unburned particles is reduced, which leads to an increase in engine life, not requires driver intervention in the ongoing processes, more precisely, by measuring the temperature at the inlet and outlet piping ora, the converter is being transferred from the “cold start” mode to the “operating mode”, which will provide better exhaust gas purification.

Claims (1)

A catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a casing with double walls and thermal insulation between them, inlet and outlet pipes, partitions, high-temperature and low-temperature porous sintered metal filters, a rotary mechanism pipe with a drive located in the central part; a receiver, a bypass valve with bypass pipes, a shutoff valve mounted on the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe of the catalytic converter is connected to the intake manifold of the engine through the bypass pipes and the bypass valve with the receiver, forming a circulation circle, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a suction-discharge device with electric drive, thermocouples located on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the catalytic converter, control unit, electric drive m of the pipe of the rotary mechanism and electromagnetic valves installed on the bypass and outlet pipes.