RU65144U1 - CARBURETTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to systems of fuel internal combustion engines, in particular to carburetors for an internal combustion engine. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine, consisting of a housing containing a float chamber with a jet, mixing chambers, each of which contains a diffuser, a spray gun, covers containing mounting ribs and soles, while the plane of symmetry of the mounting ribs is placed at an angle whose apex is located in the float the camera, and at least one of the mounting ribs made correction channel connected to the spray. Figure 1

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The utility model relates to systems of fuel internal combustion engines, in particular to carburetors for an internal combustion engine.

BACKGROUND

The main requirements for carburetors for internal combustion engines are:

- high quality spray and the formation of high-quality air-fuel mixture supplied to the combustion chamber of engines at all engine operating modes;

- ensuring the optimal change in the composition of the mixture depending on the operating mode of the engine (start, idle mode, maximum power mode).

Widely known are the systems for supplying a combustible mixture prepared in a short period of time 0.02-0.01 sec. Of the engine duty cycle for 0.002-0.003 sec. (See, for example, "Textbook of the driver of the third class" M. 1957 p. 48-69). The simplest carburetor contains a chamber with a float and a locking needle, a mixing chamber with a diffuser and a spray with a nozzle, as well as a throttle and air damper. It is intended for the preparation of a combustible mixture of fuel and air supplied to the engine cylinders. When preparing the mixture, the fuel is atomized, intensively mixed with air, and also evaporates to ensure the optimal composition of the mixture.

The variety of engine operating conditions leads to a significant change in the air flow rate and rarefaction in the diffuser, which changes the amount of fuel leaving the atomizer. These circumstances require a variety of systems for adjusting the process of preparing a combustible mixture of optimal composition. Among them, the main dosing system, the starting system, the idle system should be mentioned. The main element of the main dosing system is the carburetor emulsion system containing a fuel channel and an emulsion well in which an emulsion tube with an air nozzle is installed (see, for example, V. Vershigora and other VAZ Automobiles M. Transport 1973 p. 65) .

Widely known are carburetors containing a throttle valve, a float chamber connected by a fuel nozzle to the main metering system, an accelerator pump, the working cavity of which is connected to the float chamber (see, for example, A. Orlin and others. “Internal combustion engines” M. Mechanical Engineering 1985 p. 91).

A device is known for processing an air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with a flow channel and large and small diffusers made in the latter, and in the small one

the diffuser has a toroidal cavity (see USSR Author's Certificate No. 1384814, MPK 4 F02M 27/00, 1988).

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of manufacturing the device. Also, judging by the design, this device is intended only for the maximum operating modes of the carburetor and will not work in transient and idle modes. In addition, it creates a lot of resistance to the passing flow of the air-fuel mixture due to the design of the device based on the use of sharp angular transitions.

A homogenization device is known, comprising a housing with a flow channel, in which a vortex generator is located, consisting of a sequentially made confuser, a toroidal chamber and a diffuser (see, application for invention of the Russian Federation No. 94036254, IPC 6 F02M 27/00, 1996).

The disadvantages of this device are the same as described above: the complexity of manufacturing the device, this device is intended only for the maximum operating modes of the carburetor and will not work in transient and idle modes. In addition, it creates a lot of resistance to the passing flow of the air-fuel mixture due to the design of the device based on the use of sharp angular transitions.

A carburetor of an internal combustion engine is known, comprising a housing with a flow channel and a mixing chamber, small and large diffusers located in the flow channel, a homogenizer, an accelerator pump, an economizer, an eco-switch, an idle transition system, a main atomizer made with output channels (see patent RF №2062900, IPC 6 F02M 29/00, 1995).

The disadvantage of this device is the output of turbulent flows of the fuel emulsion parallel to the air flow, in connection with which the spraying of the fuel emulsion does not occur and efficient mixing of air with the fuel emulsion does not occur.

A carburetor of an internal combustion engine is known, comprising a housing with a flow channel and a mixing chamber, small and large diffusers located in the flow channel, emulsion tubes of the main metering systems, a main atomizer made with output channels in small diffusers (see B.V. Prokhorov, A.I. Chvanov et al. "VAZ automobiles. Carburetors and fuel pumps", Tolyatti, Volga Automobile Plant, 1990, p. 50-58).

The disadvantage of this carburetor is poor-quality mixture formation, obtaining a coarse air-fuel mixture, most of which does not burn in the engine, but comes out with exhaust gases, which negatively affects the environmental situation.

Known carburetor for an internal combustion engine, consisting of a housing containing a float chamber with a jet, mixing chambers, each of which contains a diffuser,

sprayer, covers containing mounting ribs, and soles. The flowing part of the atomizer is made in the form of a nozzle, cylinder and cone connected in series, and the channel for supplying the mixture to the cylindrical part of the atomizer is connected to the carburetor inlet neck. The idle system has an additional air nozzle and a tube with fuel and air nozzles between which there is a mixture formation cavity and openings for the exit of the air-fuel mixture, and the bypass channel of the autonomous system is connected to the idle system by two channels, one of which is located upstream of the control element and exits in the local narrowing (diffuser) of the bypass channel, has a constant-section jet (calibrated hole), and the second, located after the regulating element, has a device for regulating the flow area (RF Patent No. 2173786).

This carburetor is made with one small diffuser, which significantly limits its functionality. In this carburetor, the small diffuser is made with a stepped channel of the atomizer and a vertical channel with an opening extending into the stage of the channel of the atomizer connected to a cylinder made between the nozzle and the cone. The lack of communication between the throttle valve and the accelerator pump located in the idle channel exit zone reduces the efficiency of the working mixture preparation.

ESSENCE OF A USEFUL MODEL

The problem solved by the utility model is to obtain a better air-fuel mixture, which ensures its complete combustion in the engine, and, as a result, reduction of harmful emissions, increase in engine efficiency.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the carburetor for the internal combustion engine, consisting of a housing (1) containing a float chamber (2) with a jet (3), mixing chambers (4), each of which contains a diffuser (5), a spray (6), the cover (7) containing the mounting ribs (8) and the soles (9), it is new that the plane of symmetry of the mounting ribs are placed at an angle, the apex of which is located in the float chamber, and at least in one of fixing ribs made correction channel (10) connected to the spray.

This arrangement of the mounting ribs and the implementation, at least in one of the ribs of the correction channel connected to the atomizer, ensures the passage of air without interrupting the flow, resulting in improved preparation of the fuel-air mixture.

It is also proposed that the ratio of the minimum diameter of the cavity of the diffuser to the maximum diameter of the diffuser would satisfy the ratio:

0.7 <Dmin / Dmax <0.74, where

D min - the minimum diameter of the cavity of the diffuser

D max - the maximum diameter of the cavity of the diffuser,

and the ratio of the diameters of the correction channel and the spray channel would satisfy the ratio:

0.17 <d1 / d2 <0.19, where:

d is the diameter of the correction channel

d is the diameter of the spray channel.

The choice of the ratio of the sizes of the minimum diameter and the maximum diameter of the diffuser and the ratio of the sizes of the diameter of the correction channel and the diameter of the channel of the atomizer ensures optimal mixing of air and the fuel-air mixture coming from the emulsion well.

If the ratio Dmin / Dmax <0.7, then in this case there is a re-enrichment of the air-fuel mixture, which will lead to an excessive consumption of fuel and an increase in the content of toxic substances in the exhaust gases.

If the ratio Dmin / Dmax> 0.74, then this will lead to a deterioration in the homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture, especially at low velocities of air outflow from the diffuser, i.e. with partial throttle opening.

If the ratio d1 / d2 <0.17, then in this case there is no additional air emulsion of the air-fuel mixture, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the mixture, i.e. to the deterioration of its homogeneity.

If the ratio d1 / d2> 0> 0.19, then in this case the air intake increases, which leads to re-enrichment of the air-fuel mixture with partial throttle valve openings when the air flow through the diffuser is small.

Thus, the proposed carburetor design allows to obtain a better heat-air mixture, which ensures its complete combustion in the engine, and, as a result, reduction of harmful emissions, increase in engine efficiency.

The list of figures and drawings:

figure 1 - diagram of the carburetor;

figure 2 is a top view;

figure 3 - diagram of the diffuser.

The carburetor (Fig. 1) contains an upper part (cover) 1, a middle part (body) 2, a lower part (throttle body) 3, a spray channel 4, a float chamber 5, a float 6, a fuel nozzle of the main metering system 7, a mixing chamber 8, a small diffuser 9, an atomizer 10, a throttle valve 11, an air valve 12, a fuel channel of the main metering system 13, a correction channel 14, a diffuser cavity 15, a diffuser cavity 16, an idle channel 17, a transition system channel 18.

The plane of symmetry of the mounting ribs 20 (figure 2) of the small diffusers 9 is placed at an angle 21. The vertex 22 of the angle 21 is located in the float chamber 5. In the rib 20 is made a correction channel 14 (figure 3). Channel 14 is connected to the middle stage 23 of channel 4 (FIG. 3) of the atomizer.

Placing the symmetry planes of the mounting ribs 20 of the small diffusers 9 at an angle of 21, the apex 22 of which is located in the float chamber 5, while at least in one of the ribs 20, the correction channel 14 is connected to the middle stage 23 of the channel 4 of the atomizer 4, which allows achieving a technical result, namely, to expand its functionality while improving the preparation of the fuel-air mixture.

The choice of the ratio of the diameter of the correction channel (d) and the diameter of the channel of the atomizer (d) in the range: 0.17 <d1 / d2 <0.19, and the choice of the ratio of the minimum diameter (Dmin) and maximum diameter (Dmax) in the range: 0.7 <Dmin / Dmax <0.74, ensures the passage of air without interrupting the flow, which improves the homogeneity of the fuel-air mixture.

Since the pre-diffuser 15 and the diffuser 16 cavities are connected by channels 17 and 18 with a rectangular outlet, therefore, comparatively small doses of the air-fuel mixture freely enter the throttle valve 11. The channel 24 connecting the pre-diffuser 15 cavity with the diffuser cavity 16 can be forcibly closed shut-off valve 25, which allows you to change the dose of the fuel-air mixture falling over the throttle valve 11. The cavity of the accelerator pump 26 is communicated by a channel 27 with a spray 28, tips which is placed between the mounting ribs 20 of the diffuser 9.

The carburetor operates as follows:

At idle, throttle valves 11 are closed. The pressure in the engine intake pipe creates the conditions for the air-fuel mixture to flow through the idle channel 17 into the throttle space as the throttle valves open 11. The air-fuel mixture begins to flow through the rectangular opening of the transition system 18. When the throttle valve 11 is opened further, the main dosing valve the carburetor system, and the fuel is supplied through the diffuser 9. The ratio ⌀ of the diffuser in Fig. 3 is made in accordance with the formula of the useful model That it provides a high quality spray formation and quality of the fuel-air mixture supplied to the engine combustion chamber in all operating modes, as well as ensuring an optimal composition change depending on the engine operating condition.

Due to the placement of the symmetry planes 19 of the mounting ribs 20 of the small diffusers 9 at an angle 21, the apex 22 of which is located in the float chamber 5, while at least in one of the ribs 20, the correction channel 14 is connected to the middle stage 23 of the spray channel 4, in a carburetor comprising a housing 1 with a float chamber 5 with a locking needle and

with a mixing chamber 8 with a diffuser 9 and a sprayer connected by channels, at least equipped with jets and control and adjustment means, as well as with a throttle 11 and air 12 dampers, the air flow causes an intensive outflow of the fuel-air mixture from the spray channel 4, and also mixing, which allows rational placement and implementation of the main elements of the carburetor to achieve a technical result, namely to expand its functionality while improving the preparation of fuel-air cm si.

Since the mounting ribs 20 are oval in shape, the axis of the correction channel 14 and the axis of the spray channel 4 are placed in the plane of symmetry 19 of the mounting rib 20, which has a larger transverse dimension than the transverse dimension of the other rib 20, the air passes without interruption of flow, which improves fuel homogeneity -air mixture.

Due to the fact that the ratio of the diameter d _{2 of the} cavity connected to the channel 4 of the sprayer to the minimum diameter d _{1 of the} diffuser 9 is 0.7-0.74, while the ratio of the diameters d4 of the correction channel 14 to the diameter d _{3 of the} channel 4 of the sprayer is 0.17-0.19, the air is optimally mixed with the air-fuel mixture coming from the emulsion well 28.

Since the throttle valve 11 located in the exit zone of the channels 18 and 17 of the connection between the diffuser 15 and the diffuser 16 cavities has a kinematic connection with the accelerator pump, and its cavity is communicated with a spray channel, the tip of which is located between the mounting ribs 20 of the diffuser 9, when the throttle valve is suddenly opened 11, the accelerator pump delivers an additional dose of fuel, which expands the functionality of the carburetor.

In the forced idle mode, the channel 17 connecting the diffuser 15 and the diffuser 16 cavities is forcibly closed by a shut-off valve, which allows you to change the dose of the fuel-air mixture falling over the throttle valve 11.

The carburetor contains a housing 1 (Fig. 1), consisting of a cover 2, a base 3 and a sole 4. At the base 3 is a float chamber 5 with a float 6 and a nozzle 7. At the base 3 is a mixing chamber 8 with a diffuser 9 and a sprayer 10. The float the chamber 5 and the mixing chamber 8 with a diffuser 9 and a spray 10 are connected by channels .... In the sole 4, throttle valves 11 are installed. In the cover 2, an air damper 12 is installed.

The symmetry plane of the mounting ribs 13 (figure 2) of the small diffusers 9 are placed at an angle 14. The vertex 15 of the angle 14 is located in the float chamber 5. In the rib 13 is made a correction channel 16 (figure 3). Channel 16 is connected to the middle stage 17 of channel 10 (Fig. 4) of the atomizer.

Placing the symmetry planes of the mounting ribs 13 of the small diffusers 9 at an angle of 14, the vertex 15 of which is located in the float chamber 5, while at least in one of the ribs 13, the correction channel 16 is connected to the middle stage 17 of the channel of the spray gun 10, which will achieve a technical result, namely, to expand its functionality while improving the preparation of the fuel-air mixture.

The choice of the ratio of the diameter of the correction channel (d) and the diameter of the channel of the atomizer (d) in the range: 0.17 <d1 / d2 <0.19, and the choice of the ratio of the minimum diameter (Dmin) and maximum diameter (D max) in the range: 0, 7 <Dmin / Dmax <0.74, ensures the passage of air without interrupting the flow, which improves the homogeneity of the fuel-air mixture.

Since the pre-diffuser 18 and the diffuser 19 cavities are connected by rectangular channels 20 and 21, the outlet 23 is of a rectangular shape; therefore, comparatively small doses of fuel-air are unobstructed in the throttle valve 11. The channel 24 connecting the diffuser 18 cavity with the diffuser cavity 19 can be forcibly closed shut-off valve 25, which allows you to change the dose of the air-fuel mixture falling over the throttle valve 11. The cavity of the accelerator pump 26 is communicated by a channel 27 with a sprayer 28, the tip of which The horn is placed between the mounting ribs 13 of the diffuser 9.

Claims (2)

1. Carburetor for an internal combustion engine, consisting of a housing containing a float chamber with a jet, mixing chambers, each of which contains a diffuser, atomizer, covers containing mounting ribs and soles, characterized in that the plane of symmetry of the mounting ribs are placed at an angle, the apex which is located in the float chamber, and in at least one of the mounting ribs made correction channel connected to the spray. 2. The carburetor for the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the minimum diameter of the diffuser cavity to the maximum diameter of the diffuser cavity satisfies the ratio: 0.7 <Dmin / Dmax <0.74, where D min is the minimum diameter of the diffuser cavity, D max is the maximum diameter of the diffuser cavity, and the ratio of the diameters of the correction channel and the spray channel satisfies the ratio 0.17 <d1 / d2 <0.19, where d1 is the diameter of the correction channel and d2 is the diameter of the spray channel.