RU62877U1 - CARGO HOPPER FOR BULK CARGOES - Google Patents

Abstract

The hopper car is designed to transport grain, mineral fertilizers and other bulk cargo. The hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo contains chassis, a body consisting of a roof with upper loading hatches and covers, hoppers with lower discharge hatches and covers, transverse skates are installed between the hoppers, end walls with braces and side walls with uprights, a frame including includes lateral, frontal, pivot and transverse beams, an unloading mechanism, which includes a manual drive, a system of levers, rods and shafts, a locking device for loading hatches. The frame of the roof of the body is made of frames of the T-section, and the roof trim is made of a corner. Racks of the side walls are installed inside the body and are also made of frames of T-section. The middle pillars of the side walls of the body, rigidly connected with the transverse skates, are made of frames of T-section with a variable radius of curvature. The binding of the side and end walls is made by means of a plate. The roof and side walls are rigidly interconnected through a corner and a plate. The frames of the roof and side walls are closed along the contour in the cross section of the body. Suspension caps for unloading hatches are made of pipes interconnected in a triangle. Suspension caps for unloading hatches are fixed to the car body using bushings rigidly mounted on the suspension suspensions of the covers and axles mounted on the side walls of the hoppers. Two middle longitudinal beams made of a Z-shaped profile are connected to the cantilever part of the carriage frame, connecting, respectively, the frontal, pivot and

cross beam. Side beams are made of rectangular pipe. In the unloading mechanism, a worm gear installed in a sealed housing is used as a manual drive. The implementation of the carcass of the roof of the body and the racks of the side walls of the frames of the T-section, and the middle racks of the side walls of the body of the frames of the T-section with a variable radius of curvature can improve the manufacturability, simplify the design of the hopper car, as it eliminates the need for specialized profiles and the need to give them curvature car body frame. The proposed design of an all-bearing body, including a spatial frame without a bearing spinal beam, allows you to increase the volume of the lower part of the body, lower the center of gravity of the car and unload into the rail space, as well as reduce the tare weight. The used improved design of the opening and closing mechanism of the unloading hatches ensures the reliability of the mechanism and the possibility of dosed unloading, and accordingly, improves operating conditions. The location of the racks inside the body allows you to increase its volume and generally increase the load capacity of the hopper car. The proposed construction of a hopper car for bulk cargo eliminates the disadvantages of mass-produced hopper cars, increases strength, reduces metal consumption and reduced tare, as well as improves serviceability, and generally improves operational reliability, manufacturability and load capacity of the car. 6 p. Fs, 6 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, in particular, to wagons for the transport of grain, mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials.

Known four-axle indoor hopper with a carrying capacity of 90.7 tons built by the company "Marige Endustries Ltd", Canada, designed to transport bulk cargo. Indoor hopper type Center Flow welded supporting structure. Cantilever parts of the frame are used to accommodate automatic coupler and brake equipment. All structural elements of the frame and body are made of bent and rolled profiles and sheet material. The hopper body is of the bearing type, divided by three double hollow partitions into four compartments. The cross-section of the body has a pear-shaped shape, which reduces the adhesion forces of the cargo with the walls and provides complete unloading of the cargo.

The body is made of cylindrical half shells, hopper discharge cones and two powerful profile beams. The end wall is sheathed with smooth metal sheet and reinforced with two diagonal braces. Each compartment is equipped with a round loading hatch and gravity-pneumatic unloading hatches. There are discharge and supply lines on each side. Air is supplied to the supply line from an external source. At the end parts of the car are transitional brake pads. For ease of maintenance, the hopper is equipped with end stairs and

working platforms along the entire length of the body. The chassis is two biaxial bogies.

The presence of two powerful lateral longitudinal beams should be attributed to the disadvantages of the analogue.

Known wagon for transportation of bulk cargo model 10-3113, manufactured by BMZ-Wagon OJSC (214115, Bryansk, Ulyanova St., 26), the cross section of the wagon is a pear-shaped with a cut top to the width of the platform, which provides loading hatches . In the lower part of the cross-section of the body mounted hoppers with unloading hatches located on the side hoppers, and pairwise interconnected by opening mechanisms.

On the outside, the sidewalls of the body are edged with transverse stiffness associated with box sections of the frame trim and the upper edging of the platform to accommodate loading hatches.

The main disadvantages of the analogue include the fact that there is a large loss of body volume in its upper part. In addition, the box-shaped form of the beams of the strapping of the frame and the upper belts leads to the pull of the car, and the transverse fastening of the stiffeners practically does not affect the longitudinal strength of the car body.

A known carriage for transporting bulk cargo contains a chassis with a frame on which a bunker-type body with lower unloading hatches is mounted, unloading mechanisms, consisting of working shaft systems with two-arm levers connected by rods with trough-shaped covers suspended on pendulums, a manual drive system consisting from cranks and levers mounted on brackets and supports. The pivot point of the pendulum on the car and the pivot point of the lid on the pendulum are displaced relative to the vertical axis of the hopper at different distances, providing a tap

covers from the unloading hatch area. The drive of the unloading hatch is formed by a system of cranks, interconnected by levers with a working shaft and placed in brackets. The lock of the closed position of the hatch is formed by a spring-loaded, pivotally mounted on the frame stopper interacting with the disk cam of the working shaft. The latch for the open position of the cover is formed by a strap on one of the shoulders of the two-shouldered lever. (see RF Patent No. 2192361 "Wagon for the transport of bulk cargo", IPC B61D 7/00, 17/16, Bull. No. 35, 2002

A known carriage for transporting bulk cargo contains a chassis with a frame on which a bunker-type body with lower unloading hatches is mounted, trough-shaped covers on pendulums, unloading mechanisms, consisting of a system of two-arm levers and rods, driven by concentric shafts mounted on brackets in the supports , and fixing elements of the open and closed position. The pivot point of the pendulum and the pivot point of the lid on the pendulum are offset from the vertical axis of the hopper at different distances to divert the lid from the area of the discharge hatch. Concentric shafts are interconnected as a drive and driven shaft by means of a disk cam mounted on the drive shaft and a cam mounted at an angle relative to the disk cam on the driven shaft. The closed position lock is made in the form of a stopper pivotally mounted on the body and interacting with the output shaft limiter. The latch for the open position of the cover is made in the form of a strap mounted on one of the shoulders of the two shoulders of the lever. (see RF Patent No. 2194641 "Wagon for the transport of bulk cargo", IPC B61D 7/00, 17/16, Bull. No. 35, 2002)

The disadvantages of the last two cars for the transport of bulk cargo include the complexity of the design of the unloading mechanisms and the fastening of the suspensions of the covers of the unloading hatches.

The closest technical solution to the proposed utility model is a carriage for transporting bulk cargo, which contains chassis that absorb loads from a body consisting of a roof with upper loading hatches and bunkers with lower discharge hatches, end walls with braces and side walls with racks, through a frame including a spinal beam with pivot beams fixed to it, the end parts of which are interconnected by longitudinal beams. Each longitudinal beam is made of two channels connected to each other. A corner profile is installed on the upper surface of the longitudinal beam connecting the racks of the side walls. A cut is made in the upper end parts of the inner vertical sheets of the pivot beams. The longitudinal beam is installed with a gap with respect to the outer vertical sheet of the pivot beam. (see RF Patent No. 2194642 "Wagon for the transportation of bulk cargo", IPC B61D 7/00, 17/08, B61F 1/02, Bull. No. 35, 2002)

The disadvantages of the known hopper cars for bulk cargo include the complexity of the design, metal consumption, low technology, determined by the large range of used parts, the presence of specialized profiles, the lack of dosed discharge, as well as insufficient operational reliability and carrying capacity.

The proposed utility model solves the technical problem of improving the design of a hopper car for bulk cargo, which consists in reducing the metal consumption while maintaining strength by creating a solid-bearing body that includes a spatial frame without a supporting spine beam, as well as improving the ease of maintenance, manufacturability, and reducing the tare weight , increase of loading capacity and increase of operational reliability.

To achieve the specified technical result, in a hopper car for transporting bulk cargo containing running gears, a body consisting of a roof with upper loading hatches and covers, hoppers with lower discharge hatches and covers, transverse skates are installed between the hoppers, end walls with braces and side walls with racks, a frame including side, frontal, pivot and transverse beams, an unloading mechanism, which includes a manual drive, a system of levers, rods and shafts, a locking device for loading doors s, the body roof frame is made of frames of the T-section, and the roof trim is made of the corner, the racks of the side walls are installed inside the body and are also made of frames of the T-section, and the middle pillars of the side walls of the body, rigidly connected with the transverse skates, are made of frames of the T-section with a variable radius of curvature, while the side and end walls are tied by means of a plate, and the roof and side walls are rigidly interconnected through the said corner and plate, while the roof frames and the shackle walls are closed along the contour in the cross section of the body, the pendants of the unloading manhole covers are made of pipes connected to each other in a triangle, while the pendants of the unloading manhole covers are fixed to the car body with the help of bushings rigidly mounted on the suspension brackets, and axles mounted on the side the walls of the bunkers, in the cantilever part of the frame of the car, two middle longitudinal beams made of a Z-shaped profile are introduced, connecting, respectively, the frontal, pivot and transverse beams, the side beams are made of straight Aulnay pipe and unloading mechanism in a manual operator used a worm gear mounted in the sealed enclosure.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where the figures shown:

- figure 1 is a General view of a hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo;

- figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the body of the hopper car;

- figure 3 - hopper with discharge hatches;

- figure 4 - the cover of the discharge hatch;

- Fig 5 - frame hopper car;

- 6 - the mechanism of unloading the hopper car.

The hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo contains chassis 1, a body 2, which includes a roof 3 with upper loading hatches 4 and covers 5, hoppers 6 with lower discharge hatches 7 and covers 8, end walls 9 with braces and side walls 10 with racks 11. Racks 11 are installed inside the body 2. Frame 12 includes side 13, frontal 14, pivot 15 and transverse 16 beams.

The unloading mechanism 17 contains a manual drive 18, a system of levers 19, rods 20 and shafts 21. The hopper car for bulk cargo contains a locking device 22 loading hatches 4.

The frame 23 of the roof 3 of the body 2 is made of frames of the T-section (Fig. 2, section DD). The harness 24 of the roof 3 is made of a corner (figure 2, an external element B). Racks 11 of the side walls 10 are made of frames of T-section. The middle struts 25 of the side walls 10 of the body 2, rigidly connected with the transverse skates 26 installed between the hoppers 6, are made of frames of T-section with a variable radius of curvature (figure 2, section BB).

The binding 27 of the side walls 10 is made by means of a plate (figure 2, an external element B). The frame 23 of the roof 3 and the side walls 10 are rigidly interconnected through strapping 24 and 27, made, respectively, in the form of a corner and a plate (figure 2, an external element B).

It should be noted that the frames of the roof 3 and side walls 10 are closed along the contour in the cross section of the body 2 (figure 2, section aa).

Suspension brackets 28 covers 8 unloading hatches 7 are made of rectangular pipes interconnected in a triangle.

The pendants 28 of the covers 8 of the unloading hatches 7 are fixed to the car body 2 with the help of bushings 29, rigidly mounted on the suspensions 28 of the covers 8, and axles 30 mounted on the side walls of the bins 6.

Two middle longitudinal beams 31, made of a Z-shaped profile, connecting, respectively, the frontal 14, pivot 15 and located to the pivot beam 15 transverse to the beam 16, are introduced into the cantilever part of the carriage frame 12. Side beams 13 are made of a rectangular pipe.

In the unloading mechanism 17, a worm gear installed in a sealed housing 32 is used as a manual drive 18, which eliminates the ingress of transported cargo.

On the hopper car, a reliable closing density of covers 5, 8 of loading and unloading hatches 4, 7 is provided, which allows to prevent deformation of the seat of covers 5, 8, since the hatches are equipped with seals that prevent loss of cargo and the possibility of atmospheric moisture entering the car.

The implementation of the carcass of the roof of the body and the racks of the side walls of the frames of the T-section, and the middle racks of the side walls of the body, which are rigidly connected with the transverse skates, also of the frames of the T-section only with a variable radius of curvature, can improve the manufacturability and simplify the design of the hopper car, eliminates the need for specialized profiles and the need to give them the curvature of the car body frame.

The proposed body design provides the optimal possibility of the expiration of the cargo during unloading and provides complete, without residue, unloading the cargo from the car.

The proposed design of an all-bearing body, including a spatial frame without a bearing spinal beam, allows you to increase the volume of the lower part of the body, lower the center of gravity

the wagon and unload into the rail space, as well as reduce the tare.

The used improved design of the opening and closing mechanism of the unloading hatches ensures the reliability of the mechanism and the possibility of dosed unloading, and accordingly, improves operating conditions.

The location of the racks inside the body allows you to increase its volume and generally increase the load capacity of the hopper car.

The proposed construction of a hopper car for bulk cargo eliminates the disadvantages of mass-produced hopper cars, increases strength, reduces metal consumption and reduced tare, as well as improves serviceability, and generally improves operational reliability, manufacturability and load capacity of the car.

Claims (6)

1. A hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo containing chassis, a body consisting of a roof with upper loading hatches and covers, hoppers with lower discharge hatches and covers, between the hoppers there are transverse skates, end walls with braces and side walls with uprights, a frame including lateral, frontal, pivot and transverse beams, an unloading mechanism, which includes a manual drive, a system of levers, rods and shafts, a locking device for loading hatches, characterized in that the body roof frame is made n from frames of the T-section, and the roof lining is made of a corner, the side wall pillars are installed inside the body and are also made of frames of the T-section, the middle pillars of the side walls of the body, rigidly connected with the transverse skates, are made of the frames of the T-section with a variable radius of curvature, the strapping of the side and end walls is made by means of a plate, and the roof and side walls are rigidly interconnected through the said corner and plate, while the frames of the roof and side walls are closed along the contour in the cross section of the body, two middle longitudinal beams are introduced into the cantilever part of the car frame connecting the frontal, pivot and transverse beams, respectively. 2. The hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that the two middle longitudinal beams of the cantilever part of the frame are made of a Z-shaped profile, 3. The hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that the side beams are made of a rectangular pipe. 4. The hopper car for transporting bulk cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspensions of the covers of the unloading hatches are fixed to the car body using bushings rigidly mounted on the suspensions of the covers and axles mounted on the side walls of the hoppers. 5. A hopper car for transporting bulk cargo according to claim 4, characterized in that the suspension of the covers of the discharge hatches are made of pipes connected to each other in a triangle. 6. The hopper car for transportation of bulk cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that in the unloading mechanism, a worm gear installed in a sealed enclosure is used as a manual drive.