RU43385U1 - AUTOMATED ENTERPRISE MONITORING SYSTEMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to automated production monitoring systems. Its use for monitoring the production of products by customers' orders at an enterprise, for example, a metallurgical enterprise, allows realistically managing production, rather than adjusting the results to a predetermined template. For this, a system for automated monitoring of production at an enterprise contains: a system database with a pre-formed reference model of a specific production based on information on available production capacities on the technological routes of the enterprise, and information on resource consumption rates on technological routes and the duration of each production operation, on incoming orders from customers, taking into account the distribution of these orders along technological routes for planning zvodstvennyh campaigns, and raw materials and semifinished products are compared for specific carriers circulating means, each provided with respective identifier and are converted from one form to another in each production campaign; data input devices designed to enter data on the actual implementation of each of the planned production campaigns and on the availability of appropriate working capital carriers; and a processor configured to compare the received data with the reference model to find inconsistencies between the real data and the reference data and process the data obtained as a result of the comparison in such a way as to obtain the resulting data of the required degree of generalization for displaying the reference and actual data at the appropriate hierarchical monitoring level.

Description

Field of Invention

This utility model relates to automated production monitoring systems and, in particular, can be used to monitor production of customer orders at an enterprise, for example, a metallurgical enterprise.

The current level of technology

Currently, various automated systems for monitoring production are known.

So, in US patent No. 6622101 (09.16.2003) describes an automated quality control system for manufactured products. This system does not allow, however, to properly carry out multilevel monitoring of production.

US patent No. 5890133 (03/30/1999) describes an automated system for the dynamic optimization of business processes under the control of a computer system, which contains a system database with information about the process being optimized, its parameters, processed data and results, and a processor for optimizing the process based on the information stored in the system database by identifying a specific event in the business process that has a suitable result, modifying the parameters of this event and then checking ki such modification. In this system, data processing is performed using genetic algorithms and orthogonal matrices to modify the parameters of the identified event in the business process with a suitable result.

This system is little applicable to the needs of real production, because the method implemented by this system is, in fact, fitting the result to some optimal value.

Utility Model Essence

The purpose of this utility model is to develop such automated systems for monitoring production at the enterprise that would be applicable to the needs of real production.

To achieve this goal, an automated system for monitoring production at an enterprise is proposed, containing: a system database designed to store a reference model of a specific production at an enterprise, pre-formed on the basis of information about available production capacities at each technological route of a given enterprise, each of which is a sequential processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products, and information on the norms of resource consumption at each of mentioned technological routes and the duration of each production campaign of this technological route, which is a specific type of processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products in the corresponding section of a specific technological route, and on incoming orders from customers, taking into account the distribution of these orders along technological routes for planning production campaigns moreover, raw materials and / or semi-finished products are compared to specific working capital carriers, each of which which are provided with an appropriate identifier and which in each production campaign are transformed from one form to another; data input devices designed to enter data on the actual implementation of each of the planned production campaigns and on the availability of appropriate working capital carriers; a processor configured to compare this data with the generated model stored in the system database to find inconsistencies between real data and model data, and process the data obtained as a result of comparison to obtain the resulting data of the required degree of generalization for display at the corresponding hierarchical monitoring level; and display devices for displaying comparison results at an appropriate hierarchical monitoring level.

An additional difference of this system is that the upper level of hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent all the main areas of production and economic activity of the enterprise as objects of observation; the lower level of hierarchical monitoring is designed to

presenting as the objects of observation the results of the work of the corresponding production units, as well as the primary documents of production managerial, financial and accounting; each intermediate level of hierarchical monitoring is designed to represent objects aggregated from the objects of observation of the underlying level in accordance with predetermined conditions.

Moreover, the conditions for the aggregation of objects of observation at intermediate levels include the technological structure of the enterprise.

Another additional difference of this system is that the processor is made with the additional ability to provide access to a specific level and all the underlying levels of hierarchical monitoring only to a person who has the appropriate access right.

As an option of the claimed system suitable for use in a specific production, an automated system for monitoring production at a metallurgical enterprise is proposed, comprising: a system database designed to store a model of a specific production at a metallurgical enterprise based on information on available production capacities at each technological route of the enterprise , each of which is a sequential processing of continuous series of metallurgists smelting of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products at each metallurgical conversion of a given technological route, and information on the norms of consumption of resources on each of the technological routes and the duration of each production campaign of this technological route, which is a specific type of processing of continuous series of metallurgical melts in the corresponding section specific technological route, and on incoming orders from customers, taking into account the distribution of these orders by t hnologicheskim routes for the planning of production campaigns, the raw materials and / or semimanufactures correlate specific means of circulating carriers, each of which is provided with respective identifier and which in each metallurgical converted from one form to another; data input devices designed to enter data on the actual implementation of each of the planned production campaigns and on the availability of appropriate working capital carriers; a processor configured to compare this data with the generated model stored in the system database to find inconsistencies of real data with

model data, and processing the data obtained as a result of comparison to obtain the resulting data of the required degree of generalization for display at the corresponding hierarchical level of monitoring; and display devices for displaying comparison results at an appropriate hierarchical monitoring level.

An additional difference of this system is that the upper level of hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent all the main areas of production and economic activity of a metallurgical enterprise as objects of observation; the lower level of hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent, as objects of observation, the results of the work of the corresponding production units, as well as the primary documents of production management, financial and accounting; each intermediate level of hierarchical monitoring is designed to represent objects aggregated from the objects of observation of the underlying level in accordance with predetermined conditions.

Moreover, the conditions for the aggregation of objects of observation at intermediate levels include the technological structure of the metallurgical enterprise.

Another additional difference of this system is that the processor is made with the additional ability to provide access to a specific level and all the underlying levels of hierarchical monitoring only to a person who has the appropriate access right.

In the current level of technology, no sources of information have been identified in which systems with all of the listed features would be described, which allows the claimed systems to be considered new.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is a generalized block diagram of an automated control system of the present invention.

Figures 2 and 3 illustrate production scheduling for different ratios of times of production operations in a production campaign.

Figure 4 illustrates various forms of timelines for rolling heat for individual production campaigns.

Figure 5 shows the sequence of production campaigns for an optimal schedule.

Detailed Description of Embodiments of a Utility Model

The proposed automated monitoring system has a generalized block diagram shown in figure 1. The automated system of FIG. 1 contains a system database 1, which, in FIG. 1, is further divided into a first database 2, a second database 3 and a third database 4 for convenience, although this division is not necessary: physically the system database 1 can be implemented as a single unit, or its components can be stored on several hardware separated in space.

In the first database 2 data are pre-recorded initial conditions for production planning. For a metallurgical enterprise, such initial conditions are a predetermined planning period, work in progress at the beginning of the planning period, and time intervals provided for the repair of units. Obviously, the same or similar initial planning conditions will apply to any other specific production.

In addition to the initial conditions, restrictions on the production capacities of the units and restrictions on the production volumes of certain types of semi-finished products and finished products in each workshop of the enterprise are introduced in advance in the first database 2 data. The process of sequential processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products at the enterprise, and of certain raw materials into a certain semi-finished product (or finished product) in a certain way, according to a certain technology and using a certain replacement equipment, is called a technological route. Each technological route consists of the corresponding technological sections, which in this case are understood as both workshops and individual productions in the workshop. A specific type of processing of raw materials or previously manufactured semi-finished products in this technological area is called a production operation. For a metallurgical enterprise in each workshop or production, i.e. at each technological site, a certain redistribution of continuous series of metallurgical smelting of raw materials and / or semi-finished products of the previous workshop or production takes place, called the metallurgical redistribution. Therefore, at a metallurgical enterprise, a production operation is called the process of carrying out any metallurgical redistribution, and the technological route can be a sequential process from loading iron ore and coke into a blast furnace, through the production of cast iron, its conversion into steel, casting of steel obtained on

billets and rental of hot steel billets to obtain the rental of the required profiles. Each pair of consecutive mentioned metallurgical processes is called a production campaign.

It is necessary to take into account that such an understanding of the technological route differs from the generally accepted one, when the sequence of units or workshops is simply indicated. The fact is that the different methods of processing raw materials and / or semi-finished products that make up the processing sequence differ in that they have different costs. This moment must be taken into account when considering the movement of working capital, since the feedstock (iron ore, coke, steel alloying additives) and the semi-finished products and final finished products obtained as a result of each metallurgical conversion are the corresponding carriers of the working capital of the enterprise, and each of each production operation and / or each production process is the conversion of the respective working capital carriers from one form to another.

Returning to the first database 2, it should be noted that it also includes restrictions on the use of raw materials, materials, replacement equipment, energy resources for production, in other words, restrictions on the resources used. These restrictions, as a rule, are related to the fact that the enterprise, for example, cannot for any reason purchase, bring or simply use the amount of material that is required on a particular technological route.

All information recorded in the first database 2 data is entered from the corresponding workstations (AWS) of 14 production and commercial departments of the enterprise. As a result, the first database 2 stores information about restrictions on all technological routes that are collected once for unchanged technological routes and are updated as they change (say, due to equipment updates or the addition of new technological routes). The availability of such data on the whole variety of technological routes of the enterprise can dramatically accelerate all further calculations.

In the second database 3 data are entered on each of the technological routes of the enterprise (on the totality of its technological sections) that make up the regulatory database of technological routes of the enterprise. This includes information on resource consumption rates, i.e. any information from the group consisting of norms of consumption of raw materials, norms of consumption of materials, norms of consumption of replaceable equipment, norms of consumption of energy resources, fund of working hours, norms of productivity

labor. It also contains information about the duration of each production campaign of any technological route. It also stores information about the prices of any resources.

In addition, in the second database 3 data are entered on each of the technological routes for the pre-determined dependence on the values of the volume of finished products and the selected technological route for at least one of the following indicators: cost of variable costs for the production of finished products and semi-finished products, production volumes of semi-finished products for each from sections of the corresponding technological route, resource requirements on each of the sections of the corresponding technological route and time for processing weaving on each of the sections of the corresponding technological route of previously manufactured semi-finished products. In fact, this dependence is a mathematical model linking any of the above indicators with the values of the volume of finished products for each of the above technological routes. Such modeling is also carried out once and is adjusted only as technological routes change, so that all further calculations are sharply accelerated.

The third database 4 contains the results of planning and operational monitoring of production coming from the means described below 5-7 of the considered system.

As shown in figure 1, the data automated control system of the present invention contains, in addition to the system base 1, at least three subsystems: subsystem 5 for planning production volumes and sales of products and resource requirements, subsystem 6 for planning a production schedule and tracking subsystem 7 for the state of production, which are interconnected and connected, in addition, to the third database 4 of the system database 1 data. In this case, the subsystem 7 for monitoring the state of production includes, in particular, a unit 8 for monitoring production and a unit 9 for calculating deviations. In addition, the subsystem 7 for monitoring the state of production includes registration means 10 designed to register with a given periodicity the real volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products at each of the sections of technological routes. These means 10 may include first input means 11, second input means 12 and third input means 13, the purpose of which is described below. Subsystem 7 also includes means of formation not shown in FIG.

control actions, intended for the formation of the corresponding control actions, and transmission means, designed to transfer the generated control actions to the control means of the corresponding sections of the technological routes, which are also not shown in figure 1. All of these tools are explained in more detail below.

The subsystem 5 for planning production volumes and sales of products and resource requirements and the subsystem 6 for planning the production schedule can be implemented each in the form of an appropriately programmed personal computer or in the form of a corresponding state machine. The programming of subsystem 5 for planning production volumes and sales of products and resource requirements (or the compilation of the structure of the corresponding state machine) is carried out in such a way that this subsystem 5 can perform the following operations:

-Determine on specific orders of customers for the production of finished products production orders using the aforementioned dependency (mathematical model) entered into the second database 3 data;

-distribute these production orders according to the corresponding technological routes so that at the end of the planned production period for these orders the maximum marginal income from the sale of finished products is obtained;

-based on the distribution of production orders on technological routes to form the optimal budget for the sale of finished products and the acquisition of appropriate resources for the planned production period;

- to formulate tasks for the volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products for each of the sections of the corresponding technological routes.

It should be specially noted that the planning in subsystem 5 is carried out “from the end”, i.e. from the sale of finished products.

The programming subsystem 6 of the planning of the production schedule (or the structure of the corresponding finite state machine) is programmed in such a way that this subsystem b can convert tasks to the volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products formed by subsystem 5 of planning the volumes of production and sales of products and resource requirements for each of sections of all metallurgical redistribution, into production campaigns, in each of which a specific type of conversion is carried out work

continuous series of metallurgical swimming trunks constituting the carriers of working capital at each metallurgical conversion of the corresponding technological route, and each production campaign is planned so as to maximize the speed of movement of working capital in a particular production.

In the production monitoring subsystem 7, the production monitoring unit 8 and the deviation calculation unit 9 can be implemented as suitably programmed processors or personal computers, although it is quite possible to implement units 8 and 9 as finite state machines. A feature of the unit 8 for monitoring production is that its inputs are connected to means 10 for recording the actual volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products at each of the sections of each technological route. A feature of the deviation calculation unit 9 is that means for generating the corresponding control actions are connected to its outputs. The programming of blocks 8 and 9 of the subsystem 7 for monitoring the state of production (or the compilation of structures of the corresponding state machines) is carried out in such a way that this subsystem 7 can perform the following operations:

- register with a given periodicity the real volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products in each of the sections of technological routes;

- compare the registered production volumes with the corresponding indicators previously found for the above dependence for each of the production campaigns;

- on the basis of inconsistencies identified during the comparison, determine the changes that need to be made to specific production campaigns to ensure optimization of the production process;

- form the appropriate control actions according to the changes found;

- transfer formed control actions to control means of the corresponding sections of technological routes.

As an example, we note that for a metallurgical enterprise, means 10 for registering real production volumes (first or third input means 11-13) can be local automated control systems (ACS) of workshops and production, if any, at the enterprise, or simply manual input means if the company does not have an automated control system. Formation Tools

control actions for a metallurgical enterprise can be the same local automated control systems of workshops (production), with the help of which specific control decisions are automatically or manually made to change, for example, operating modes in the corresponding production campaigns. The transmission means of the generated control actions, as a rule, are made in the form of corresponding communication lines suitable for transmitting those signals that are generated by the means of forming the control actions. Finally, the control means of the respective sections of the technological routes for the metallurgical enterprise are specific means of controlling the technological sections, similar to those described, for example, in RF patent No. 2178578 or in US patent No. 5697424. In the particular case, it can simply be graphs or tables that show tasks for the smelting of steel of certain grades, or tasks for rolling a certain profile, or tasks for cutting rolled products to specific lengths, or tasks for the shipment of finished products to the appropriate buyer.

Next, the operation of the automated production monitoring system of the present invention will be considered.

Upon receipt of orders from customers for the production of finished products they need, these orders are registered with the commercial department of a metallurgical enterprise and, after appropriate processing (grouping, determining urgency, etc.), are entered from workstations 14 into subsystem 5 for planning production volumes and sales of products and resource requirements. In this subsystem 5, incoming orders are grouped by profile sizes and steel grades into production tasks and are placed in the database of production orders. Such a database can be part of any of the first 2 or second 3 databases already considered, or it can be part of the third database 4 or it can be an independent database as part of subsystem 5 for planning production volumes and sales of products and resource requirements.

Next, subsystem 5 receives from AWP 14 and processes the initial conditions for planning: a given planning period, work in progress at the beginning of this planning period, time intervals provided for repair of units. Here, in subsystem 5, the restrictions on the production capacities of units and the restrictions on the production volumes of certain types of semi-finished products and finished products in all workshops of all obtained from the first database 2 are processed

metallurgical processing, as well as restrictions on the use of raw materials, materials, replacement equipment and energy resources for the production of products. In addition, subsystem 5 processes the restrictions on production capacities obtained from the second database 3 and restrictions on the production volumes of certain types of finished products, restrictions on material resources, replacement equipment and energy resources, product prices in customer orders and the cost of variable production costs for each technological route. The result of all the above processing in subsystem 5 is the distribution of production tasks along technological routes so that the maximum marginal income is obtained during the planning period. This optimization problem is solved by well-known linear programming methods. A specific solution to such a problem is given in Example 1. In addition, subsystem 5, using the found distribution of production volumes by technological routes, calculates the production volumes of all types of semi-finished products and finished products in all workshops of all metallurgical processes, and then calculates the budget for the sale of products in the planning period , marginal income for each type of product, for each customer order and for each transaction. Based on the calculations made, in subsystem 5 the volumes of requirements for raw materials, materials, replacement equipment and energy resources and the budget for the supply for the planning period are determined, which are stored in the third database 4.

Using the found distribution of production volumes by technological routes, subsystem 5 transfers to the subsystem 6 of the planning of the production schedule planning the float production schedule in all workshops of all metallurgical processes, and to the subsystem 7 for monitoring the state of production, the planned production volumes of each type of product and semi-finished products for of each workshop of all metallurgical conversions. Further, directly in the process of metallurgical production, subsystem 5 receives from the subsystem 7 the monitoring of the state of production (from the deviation calculation unit 9) deviations of the actual execution of production tasks at the current time from the planned ones. Based on these deviations, subsystem 5 replaces the specified planning period with its remaining part, excludes actually fulfilled production volumes from the initial production tasks, and redistributes the remaining part of production tasks along technological routes so that during the remaining part of the planning period

maximum marginal income. Then subsystem 5 transfers the redistribution of production volumes by workshops and technological routes to subsystem 6 of the planning of the production schedule for the remainder of the planning period, as well as to the third database 4. The obtained planning results are displayed on computer monitors AWP 14 of production and managerial personnel in graphical and / or tabular form.

Subsystem 6 of planning the production schedule, having received from subsystem 5 the distribution of volumes of all types of products and semi-finished products across all workshops and technological production routes, converts volume tasks for the production of each type of finished product for each technological route into float production campaigns. This transformation is carried out so that each production campaign includes the sequential processing of continuous series of steel smelts at each metallurgical conversion of the technological route, and so that the waiting time for each heat of the previous conversion at the subsequent processing and the amount of unprocessed metal of the previous processing are minimal. The results are placed by subsystem b for each production campaign in the database of production campaigns. This database of production campaigns can be part of any of the first 2 or second 3 databases already considered, and can be part of the third database 4 or be an independent database as part of the planning planning subsystem 6 of the production schedule.

Next, subsystem 6, using the means of exchanging data between the subsystems, selects data on the time intervals allotted for equipment repairs from subsystem 5 of the planning of production volumes, and from the database of production orders, customer orders, the execution time of which is fixed and determined by customer conditions. This data is converted by subsystem 6 into time intervals prohibited for placement of other production campaigns in them. Then, using the database of production campaigns, taking into account the forbidden time intervals, subsystem 6 distributes the production campaigns in time and order so that the density of this distribution in time is maximum, and the time gaps between production campaigns are minimal. As a result, the optimal timetable for float production for a given planning period is calculated. This production schedule is divided by subsystem 6 into weekly and daily tasks, which are transferred to subsystem 7

monitoring the status of production. Based on these tasks and using regulatory data from the second database 3, subsystem 6 calculates the schedule of shipment of finished products to customers, and in addition, using the terms of delivery and payments in customer orders, calculates a schedule for the receipt of funds for shipped finished products in the planning period. In addition, subsystem 6, based on the production schedule and using regulatory data from the second database 3, calculates the schedule for the supply of raw materials and materials for production, and also, based on prices and payment conditions, calculates the schedule of payments for raw materials and materials in the planning period. The obtained planning results are placed in the third database 4 and displayed by the subsystem 6 on the computer monitors AWP 14 production and management personnel.

In the subsystem 7 for monitoring the state of production, the unit 8 for monitoring the production receives from the subsystem 6 for planning production volumes the planned tasks for all types of products and semi-finished products for all workshops of technological routes and a production schedule. These data are brought to the attention of production personnel in the workshops and in the workshops. Let us consider as an example a fragment of the production process at a metallurgical enterprise from the beginning of steelmaking to the shipment of products. The previous stage of iron smelting is similar to the stage of steel smelting (with the exception of specific starting materials and products obtained), and therefore, in order to facilitate understanding, it is not considered here.

In the steelmaking shop, the converter (the object in which the event of the transformation of working capital carriers takes place) is filled with molten iron and loaded with scrap metal, ferroalloys and additional materials (working capital carriers that have each specific cost and each of which has its own identifier), purge charge oxygen (which is also a carrier of working capital with its identifier). As a result, cast iron and loaded materials turn into liquid steel (an event of the transformation of working capital carriers), which is called melting (and is also a working capital carrier). The smelter, which is assigned a number (identifier of this working capital carrier), is then poured into ingots (media conversion event) and, finally, ingots (working capital carriers) are transported to the rolling mill for heating and rolling, or to the warehouse of ingots for storage.

In the rolling shop, steel smelting ingots, the identifiers of which contain the smelting number, are heated in heating devices and processed (the event of the transformation of the working capital carrier) on the rolling mill (the object of turning the working capital carrier) into a batch of rolled products (working capital carrier) whose identifier contains the number swimming trunks. This batch of rolled products is then transferred to the finished goods warehouse (object for the conversion of working capital), from which it is then loaded onto wagons and sent to the buyer (event of the transformation of the carrier of working capital).

Thus, the technological processes of steel and rolling production can be represented in the form of processes of successive conversion of working capital carriers from one form to another, which are characterized by the cost of working capital carriers, the time of transformation events and the duration of these processes between every two successive events, and the normative time of these processes may be different for different profiles of rolled products and different steel grades (signs of working capital carriers and their operations Ia), and processes having the same characteristics and one regulatory time duration, form one process group.

In the course of metallurgical production, data on actual production with a given frequency are taken by the appropriate means of registration 10. Thus, information about the actual volumes of production of finished products and semi-finished products on each of the sections of technological routes, as well as identifiers of objects of conversion of working capital carriers, identifiers, signs and volumes of the used and / or received working capital carriers and information on the actual duration of production operations are received in block 9 calculation of deviations. This deviation calculation unit 9 (processor) divides all production processes according to their characteristics into groups, assigns an identifier to each group and puts the results in the table of the process database, after which it identifies subgroups of production processes having the same duration in each identified process group, assigns each identifier for such a subgroup, summarizes the number and value of current assets carriers belonging to each subgroup, and compares these actual data with a new production schedule at a controlled point in time to calculate deviations in the production of iron, steel, billets and rolled products. These deviations are transferred to the subsystem 5 of the planning of production volumes

for subsequent re-calculation of volumes and the production schedule for the remainder of the planning period. In addition, unit 8 for monitoring production receives data from computers of production personnel on changes in equipment repair schedules, on changes in restrictions on production capacities and restrictions on the production of certain types of products, converts the data into new initial conditions and transfers them to subsystem 5 for planning production volumes for subsequent re-calculation of volumes and the production schedule for the remainder of the planning period. In addition, based on the deviations found in the deviation calculation unit 9, the means for generating the control actions generate the corresponding control actions, which are transmitted using the appropriate transmission means to the control means of the corresponding sections of the technological routes.

All these calculations are carried out for accounting and planning tasks in such a way as to maximize the speed of movement of working capital in production, the carriers of which are the mentioned raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products. A specific solution to the problem of such an optimization problem is given in Example 2. In particular, the deviation calculation unit 9 (processor), based on the data supplied to the production monitoring subsystem 7, calculates the decrease in the turnover rate of the enterprise’s working capital by the formula:

and the volume of lost sales in one cycle of the turnover of working capital of the enterprise due to the delay of the carriers of working capital in the j-th production process according to the formula:

where w ₀ - the normative speed of working capital,

j is the index of a specific production process;

w _j - the speed of movement of working capital in the j-th production process;

t ^j ₀ - standard time j-th production process;

i is the index of a group of processes with the same actual duration t _i within two identical consecutive mentioned transformation events;

S ₀ - the standard amount of working capital of the enterprise;

D ₀ - the standard duration of one cycle of working capital turnover at the enterprise.

Based on the calculation results, the deviation calculation unit 9 (processor) can determine the total duration of the production process on each of the technological routes as the sum of the measured actual durations of all production operations of the corresponding technological route. In addition, according to the actual duration of production operations, this processor is able to determine the spectrum of the distribution of costs of the mentioned working capital carriers by the actual duration of production operations. To perform all these calculations, the processor (deviation calculation unit 9) of the production monitoring subsystem 7 is accordingly programmed.

All results obtained in the described control process are displayed on monitors (displays) of the workstation of the corresponding production personnel. Moreover, the mapping can occur with varying degrees of generalization at different levels of hierarchical monitoring. The upper level of such hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent all the main areas of production and economic activity of a metallurgical enterprise as objects of observation. Moreover, such a representation of precisely all directions is even carried out forcefully so that the displayed data is as complete as possible. The lower level of hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent the results of the work of the corresponding production units as objects of observation. In addition, at the lower level of hierarchical monitoring, primary documents of production management, financial and accounting are also displayed. Each intermediate level of the hierarchical monitoring under consideration is intended to represent objects generalized (aggregated) from the objects of observation of the underlying level in accordance with predetermined conditions. These conditions may include, for example, aggregation of information obtained at the lower level of hierarchical monitoring, first on the production sites of each workshop, and then on all the shops of one technological route. Or these conditions may be requirements for aggregating information for each resource used in this production campaign, and then for the aggregate of resources used in this production campaign. It is clear that specific

conditions for the aggregation of information of the lower level will be dictated by the requirements of a particular production at a particular enterprise, for example, these conditions for aggregation of objects of observation at intermediate levels may include the technological structure of a particular metallurgical enterprise. To implement such hierarchical monitoring, the processor (deviation calculation unit 9) of the production monitoring subsystem 7 is programmed accordingly.

In addition, the processor (deviation calculation unit 9) of the production monitoring subsystem 7 can be programmed to provide access to a specific level and all the underlying levels of the hierarchical monitoring only to a person who has the appropriate access right. Such access can be granted, for example, by a password entered into the keyboard, or by an identification code entered by means of a smart card, or by any other known method. The purpose of such hierarchical access is to ensure that information from higher levels of hierarchical monitoring, which may constitute a trade secret, is available only to the appropriate managers of the enterprise.

Thus, the dynamic management of production by orders of customers at the metallurgical enterprise. Similarly, production management can also take place in enterprises of a different profile. Dynamic planning in this case should be carried out daily, based on the state of production for the current day and the planned task for the entire period. The basic principle of such dynamic management is the optimization of volumetric and scheduling for the remainder of the planning calendar period. Such optimization is aimed at maximizing the value of marginal income from product sales and maximizing the speed of working capital in production. This problem is solved by linear programming methods. A specific version of such a solution is given in Examples 1 and 2.

It should be specially noted that in the process of dynamic planning, each of the production campaigns is planned in such a way as to ensure, on the one hand, the minimum time intervals between the receipt of semi-finished products on any of the sections of the technological route and the processing of these semi-finished products on the next section of the technological route, and on the other hand , the minimum volumes of unprocessed semi-finished products previously processed at any of the sections of the technological route before receiving regular ones at the same section

semi-finished products. All production campaigns are distributed in time so that the density of their distribution, taking into account the predefined time intervals for equipment repair, is maximum, and the time gaps between successive production campaigns are minimal. A specific version of the dynamic planning and monitoring of production is given in Examples 1 and 2.

Industrial applicability

The present invention can be used for automated production management of a particular enterprise. It can be implemented on existing hardware by connecting them accordingly and introducing a new program compiled according to the algorithms of the present invention.

It is obvious for a specialist that this invention, disclosed in the description by the example of automated production control at a metallurgical enterprise, can be modified for any other enterprise without any additional invention, but only by appropriate modification. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is determined not by the above description, which serves only to illustrate possible embodiments of the present invention, but by the appended claims, considered together with possible equivalents of the features set forth therein.

Example 1

Scheduling algorithm

Planning task

Let there customer orders for products P ^w _z with the characteristic [p, m, r] ^w _z :

П ^w _з ∈ [p, m, r] ^w _з (w = w _i , w ₂ , ..., w _f )

Combine customer orders in N production orders j = (j ₁ , j ₂ , ..., j _n , ..., j _N ) so that

N ^w _h ∈P _jn, if [p, m, r] ^w _h ∈ [p, m, r] jn

Further, for ease of writing, we will denote any j _n- th production order as the j-th production order.

We denote by П _{j the} products according to the jth production order with the characteristic [p, w, r] _j . By G _j we denote the quantity of products that need to be produced on the j-th production order, and through C _{j the} average price of products for this order.

The relationship between the wth customer order and the jth production order is described by the relationship diagram:

[p, m, r, j, P _s ^w , P _j ] (1)

Denote by i the number of redistribution of products along the technological route, starting from zero (cast iron production) to final (i _k ):

i = 0, 1, ..., i _k

By P _ij we denote the semi-finished product of the i-th redistribution for the j-th production order in the shop Z _i .

Let there be M technological production routes K = K ₁ , K ₂ , ..., K _m , ..., K _M.

We denote by K the numbers of technological routes along which products can be produced on the j-th production order.

We introduce the following notation:

d _j is the specific consumption at the i-th metallurgical conversion of the semi-finished product of the previous (i-1) -th metallurgical conversion (П _i-1 ) for the production of П _i in the workshop Z _i ;

A _h - all normalized per unit of production types of raw materials, materials, fuel and replaceable equipment, (h = 1, 2, ..., H);

U ₁ - all types of standardized used production waste. (l = 1, 2, ..., L);

- the specific consumption of material And _h on the production of products P _i in the shop Z _i i-th metallurgical redistribution;

- specific waste U _i production of products P _i in the shop Z _i i-th metallurgical redistribution;

t _i - the norm of time for production of products P _i in the shop Z _i i-th metallurgical redistribution.

Then any technological route can be described by the relation scheme:

Is denoted by D _i ^Km = d _{i + 1} ^Km · d _{i + 2} ^Km ... d _ik ^Km semi consumption rate of i-metallurgical processing to manufacture the finished product i _k -th metallurgical Technological route to _m.

Then the regulatory limited cost of production of finished products along the technological route K _m can be calculated by the formula:

where C (A _h ) is the price of the material A _h (h = 1, ..., H),

C (U _l ) - the price of use of production waste U _i (l = 1, ..., L).

The consumption rate of material A _h for the production of finished products at any i-th metallurgical conversion in the workshop Z _i along the route K _{m is} calculated by the formula:

(i = 0, 1, ..., i _k ) \ tab (4)

The standard waste output U _l at any i-th metallurgical redistribution in the workshop Z _i along the route K _{m is} calculated by the formula:

The standard fund of working time for the production of the i-th metallurgical redistribution in the shop Z _{i is} calculated by the formula:

Taking into account expressions (3) - (6), the relationship diagram for any technological route will take the form:

Relations and formulas (1) - (7) constitute the main regulatory framework for production planning.

The optimal planning problem is formulated as follows:

Let the planned period T be given, during which N production orders j = (j ₁ , j ₂ , ..., j _n , ..., j _N ) must be completed along M technological routes K _m so that the marginal revenue from sales products for all production orders was maximum.

Let for each j-th production order for the production of finished products P _j = P _{jkj the} volume of finished products G _j = G _{jkj is given} . Assume also that in each workshop Z _i (i = 0, 1, ..., i _k ) at the initial moment of time t ₀ there is a stock of finished products (semi-finished product) П _ij in the amount of Q _ij (Q _ikj = Q _j )

Suppose that the jth production order is executed along one or more process routes K _mj .

Assume also that the values of the constraining conditions are predefined:

G _Zi ^max - the maximum possible production in the workshop Z _i ;

G _tj ^min , G _tj ^max - the boundaries of the production of a batch of semi-finished products (products) of the corresponding type in the shop Z _i ;

And _hi ^max - the maximum allowable value for the use of material of the form And _h

We denote by G _j ^{Kmj the} volume of the jth production order G _j executed along the route K _mj .

Then the solution of the problem of optimal production planning is reduced to the solution of the following linear programming problem: find the values of G _j ^Kmj at which a marginal income from product sales is achieved:

under the following conditions:

- fulfillment of the volume of the production order G _j :

- time limit in each workshop Z _{i of the} i-th metallurgical redistribution along all technological routes:

- restriction on marginal production in the shop Z _{i of the} i-th metallurgical redistribution:

- restriction on the volume of the party of the j-th order in the shop Z _{i of the} i-th metallurgical redistribution:

- restriction on the use of materials in the shop Z _i i-th metallurgical processing:

Planning Solution

Let the linear programming problem (9) - (14) be solved and the optimal load values of technological routes be found of each j-th production order:

for all K _mj and j (15)

Then for any planning period T for Z _{i of} any workshop of any i-th metallurgical redistribution, provided that:

stock of finished products for the j-th production order at the beginning of the planning period is Q _j ;

the stock of semi-finished products of the i-th metallurgical redistribution for the j-th production order is Q _ij ;

the volume of production of a batch of finished products P _j or semi-finished product P _ij in the workshop Z _{i of} any i-th metallurgical conversion is limited to a minimum , and the maximum setpoints;

the volume of total production (semi-finished product) in any workshop Z _{i is} limited by the value ,

the use of material A _h (h = 1, ..., H) in workshop Z _{i is} limited to a predetermined value ,

The production program below is calculated.

1. The volume of finished goods production П _j according to the j-th production order in the shops of the last metallurgical redistribution of products П _j

Total:

in each workshop of the last redistribution:

for

Limited cost of finished products P _j on the j-th production order:

total:

on each route:

Consumption of materials for the production of finished products P _j on j-th production order

Total:

at each i-th metallurgical conversion:

in each workshop of the i-th metallurgical redistribution:

2. The need for semi-finished products of previous metallurgical processing for the production of products P _j po j-th production order.

Billets for rolling, raw rails for T / O RBC in each workshop of the third metallurgical redistribution:

The volume of the semi-finished product P ₃ :

Consumption of materials for the production of semi-finished product P _3j :

The cost of the semi-finished product P _i3j :

Hot rolled and continuously cast billets:

The volume of the semi-finished product П _2j according to the j-th production order in the workshop Z ₂ (blooming, continuous casting machine - continuous casting machine):

The consumption of materials for the production of workpiece P _2j in the workshop Z ₂ :

The limited cost of the semi-finished product P _2j in the shop Z ₂ :

The volume of total production in each workshop of the second metallurgical redistribution:

Consumption of materials for the entire volume of production in the workshop Z ₂ :

Limited cost of the total production in the workshop Z ₂ :

The volume of production of the workpiece with a given profile p ₃ :

Limited cost of semi-finished products with a given profile p ₃ :

The consumption of materials for the production of billets with a given profile p ₃ :

The volume of production of the workpiece with a given steel grade m ₃ :

Limited cost of semi-finished products with a given steel grade m ₃ :

The consumption of materials for the production of billets with a given steel grade m ₃ :

Steel bullion converter and open-hearth shops

Steel production volume P _1j according to the j-th production order in the workshop Z ₁ , (open-hearth furnace, converter):

The consumption of materials for the production of steel P ₁ in the shop Z ₁ :

Limited cost of steel P ₁ in the shop Z ₁ :

Total steel production in workshop Z ₁ :

Consumption of materials for the entire volume of steel in the workshop Z ₁ :

Limited cost of the entire volume of steel in the shop Z ₁ :

The volume of steel production in ingots of a given type p ₃ :

The consumption of materials for the production of steel ingots of a given type p ₃ :

Limited cost of production of steel in ingots of a given type p ₃ in the shop Z ₁

The volume of steel production of a given grade m ₃ in the workshop Z ₁ :

The consumption of materials for the production of steel of the specified grade m ₃ in the workshop Z ₁ :

Limited cost of production of steel of a given grade m ₃ in the workshop Z ₁ :

Cast iron liquid blast furnace

Cast iron volume P _оj according to the j-th production order:

Consumption of materials for the production of pig iron P _oj :

Limited cost of cast iron P _oj :

The volume of all cast iron to fulfill all production orders:

Consumption of materials for the entire volume of cast iron:

Limited cost of cast iron total:

Production volume of cast iron of a given brand m ₃ :

The consumption of materials for the production of cast iron of a given brand m ₃ :

Limited cost of cast iron of a given brand m ₃ :

3. Budgeting. Sales budget.

Profitability of the w-th sales order.

Denote by K _{w the} routes K ' _mj onto which and

If the price of products П _w according to the w-th customer order is equal to Ц _w , then the sales volume for this order will be:

Limited standard cost of production P _w :

Denote by N ^Kw _{w the} rate of conditionally constant costs per unit of output П _w along the route К _w . Then the full standard cost of production P _w will be equal to:

Thus, the normative profitability of a customer’s w-order for products П _w will be equal to:

If client R made W _R orders for products П ^K _w , then the profitability of the transaction is determined by the formula:

Proceeds from the execution of orders of all customers:

for all R, w, K _w = K ' _mj (65)

Profitability of revenue is determined from the expression:

for all R, w, K _w = K ' _{mj \ tab} (66)

4. Budgeting. Procurement Budget.

The need for materials to fulfill all N production orders is calculated by the formula:

for all j, i (67)

Suppose that at the beginning of the planning period there are stocks of materials A _h ^s (h = 1, ..., N). Then the need for procurement of each type of raw material, materials, fuel and replacement equipment will be determined as:

ΔA _h = A _h -A _h ^s ; h = 1, ..., H

The need for financing the purchase of material And _h will be:

D _Ah = ΔA _h · C (A _h ); h = 1, ..., N (68)

The need for financing the purchase of raw materials, materials, fuel and replacement equipment for the implementation of the entire production program will be:

So, presenting the production model as a set of technological routes allows you to create a regulatory framework for planning the production program for any given period of time T. The task of production planning is reduced to the linear programming problem, the solution of which can always be found. The management of the production planning process is carried out by setting and changing the initial conditions and restrictions. Route planning allows for integrated planning of sales, production and procurement.

Solving the linear programming problem allows you to build a production program that meets the needs of customers with maximum marginal revenue from product sales. Setting a planning period free of restrictions allows for dynamic production planning from the current state.

Example 2

Statement of the problem of production scheduling

The optimal scheduling algorithm is based on the principle of achieving the maximum speed of working capital in the rental process. To assess the speed of movement of working capital, we will use the amount of lost sales from the delay of the heat in the rolling process.

Let us imagine rolling production as consisting of two stages: rolling a workpiece on a blooming or casting a workpiece on a continuous casting machine (CCM) - the first metallurgical processing and rolling the workpiece into finished products - the second metallurgical processing.

By the i-th production campaign we mean the process of continuous rolling of a series of N _i melts in the shops of the first and second metallurgical conversions.

So, let N _i be the number of heats in a series, and n be the number of heats in a series (n = 1, 2, ..., N).

For each ith production campaign, through Ts' _i we denote the time of rolling one melting at the first metallurgical processing (including the time of casting one melt into billets at the continuous casting machine), and through Ts _i '' we denote the duration of the cycle of rolling one melt in the rolling mill production (as a rule, Ts _i '≠ Ts _i '').

We distinguish two characteristic cases - the case when C _i '≥ C _i ''and the case when C _i ''>C' _i .

First, consider a series of 6 swimming trunks for the case when Ts' _i ≥ Ts _i '' (see figure 2).

In figure 2 is indicated:

τ _mp - the time of transportation of the heat from one shop to another;

τ _aw - waiting time for the start of rolling after the arrival of the heat in the rolling mill.

From the condition of process continuity and taking into account the condition Ц ' _i ≥Ц'' _{i, the} total waiting time for the start of rolling at the second metallurgical conversion will be minimal if the start time for rolling the last heat in a series of the second metallurgical conversion will follow immediately after the end of rolling the last heat at the first metallurgical conversion and her arrival at the rolling mill of the second metallurgical redistribution.

Denote the start time of the series at the first metallurgical redistribution through t ' _n . Then the start time of the series at the second redistribution will be equal to:

t _n '' = t ' _n + τ _mp + N; Ts _i ' + (N-1); Ts _i ''

The waiting time for the start of rolling of any nth melting at the second metallurgical conversion will be: τ ⁿ _exp = τ _mp + (Nn) · (C ' _i -C _i '').

The minimum value of the lost sales from the delay of the smelts in anticipation of rolling at the second metallurgical conversion will be equal to:

where S is the cost of smelting (rubles), D _n is the standard time of one cycle of working capital (days).

We now consider a series of 6 swimming trunks for the case when C '' _i > C ' _i (see figure 3).

In FIGS. 2 and 3, through D _i 'and D _i ''the total rolling time of a series of melts is indicated, respectively, at the first and second metallurgical stages, and through T _{c the} total time of the rolling campaign at both of these metallurgical stages. All other designations in both figures 2 and 3 coincide.

From the condition of continuity of rolling a series of swimming trunks and taking into account the condition Ц ' _i ≥Ц'' _{i, the} total waiting time for the start of rolling of swimming trunks

The metallurgical redistribution will be minimal if the start of rolling the first heat in a series of melts of the second metallurgical redistribution follows immediately after the end of rolling the first batch at the first metallurgical redistribution and its transportation to the rolling mill.

Denote the start time of the series (campaign) at the first redistribution through t ' _n . Then the start time of the series at the second metallurgical redistribution will be equal to:

t _n '' = t ' _n + τ _mp + Ts _i '.

The waiting time for the start of rolling of any nth melting at the second metallurgical conversion will be: τ ⁿ _exp = τ _mp + (n-1) · (C _i '' -C _i ').

The minimum value of the lost sales from the delay of the bottoms in anticipation of rolling at the second redistribution will be equal to

where S is the cost of smelting (rubles), D _n is the standard cycle time of the turnover of working capital (days).

We now turn to the algorithm for constructing a calendar schedule for several production rolling campaigns.

Suppose that we need to plan m production campaigns (i = 1, 2, ..., m), each of which is characterized by its own rolling cycle time for one heat in the first (Ts _i ') and second (Ts _i '') metallurgical processes and the number of N heats in each production campaign.

The foregoing is illustrated by various forms of timelines for rolling heat for individual production campaigns (figure 4).

So, let the set of production campaigns similar to those shown in Fig. 4, in the quantity m, be placed according to the production time in such a sequence that the gaps between the series of melts in both the first and second metallurgical stages would be minimal and, therefore, the speed of movement working capital during the rolling process would be maximum.

Each i-th production campaign is characterized by:

- the total rolling time at the first metallurgical conversion: D _i '= N _i · Ts _i ';

- the total rolling time at the second metallurgical stage: D _i '' = N _i -Ts _i '';

- the delay time of the start of rolling at the second metallurgical conversion:

and _i = τ _mp + Ts _i ', if Ts _i ''≥Ts'_i;

and _i = τ _mp + N _i · Ts _i '+ (N _i -1) · Ts _i '', if Ts _i ''≥ Ts _i '.

- time free from rolling the swimming trunks of the i-th production campaign at the first metallurgical processing stage while continuing rolling the swimming trunks of the same series at the second metallurgical processing plant:

b _i = τ _mp + Ts _i '', if Ts _i '' ≤ Ts _i ';

b _i = τ _mp + Ts _i '+ N _i · (Ts _i ''- Ts _i '), if Ts _i '' ≥ Ts _i '.

The values for each i-th production campaign of all m production campaigns are shown in the Table.

Consider two randomly selected successive production campaigns i '= j and i' '= j + 1.

We introduce the function R '' _{j, j + 1} , the gap between two successive production campaigns for the series of heats of the second metallurgical redistribution and the function R ' _{j, j + 1 of the} gap for the series of heats of the first metallurgical redistribution:

if b _j > a _{j + 1} , then R '' _{j, j + 1} = 0; R ' _{j, j + 1} = b _j -a _{j + 1} ,

if b _j <a _{j + 1} , then R '' _{j, j + 1} = a _{j + 1} -b _j ; R ' _{j, j + 1} = 0.

We introduce two functionalities that describe the total load of rolling shops with all rolling production campaigns for any arbitrarily chosen order of their succession, including the gaps between production campaigns:

for the second metallurgical redistribution:

D`` = a <sub>1</sub> + D <sub>1</sub> '' + R <sub>1,</sub> 2`` + D ₂ '' + R _{2, 3} '' + ... + D _j '' + R _{j, j + 1} '' +. .. + D _m '' (1)

for the first metallurgical redistribution:

D '= D ₁ ' + R _{1, 2} '+ D ₂ ' + R _{2, 3} '+ ... + D _j ' + R _{j, j + 1} '+ ... + D _m ''(2)

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the subscripts in formulas (1) and (2) represent the sequence number of the production campaigns (j = 1, 2, ..., m), and not the production campaign number.

Thus, the task of finding the optimal calendar schedule is solved as follows:

- Non-repeating permutations of production campaign numbers are generated, which are assigned indices j = 1, 2, ..., m of succession. For each such sequence of production campaigns using the data in Table 1, the values of R _{j, j + 1} ', R _{j, j + 1} '',D', D '' are calculated;

- a sequence is found for which D '' takes a minimum value. This sequence of production campaigns is optimal.

The sequence of production campaigns for the first and second metallurgical redistributions is displayed on the time lines as shown in the illustrative example (figure 5).

The task of constructing an optimal calendar plan ends here.

It outlines a fundamental approach to building a rental schedule, where stocks of semi-finished products in warehouses are not taken into account at the time of planning, maintenance, the time required for transhipments and settings, as well as repairs. The rules and formulas presented here take into account the fact that melting is accepted as the smallest elementary volume of planning. This is done to implement melting planning and melting tracking.

However, all arguments, rules, and formulas can be easily adapted to the case when it is required to use smaller objects, for example, lots or, conversely, larger ones, for example, assembly lots, carriage norms, etc., as a planning object.

Table Campaign Number (i) and _i b _i D ' _i D '' _i Production Campaign Order (j) 1 a ₁ b ₁ D ' ₁ D '' ₁ 4 2 a ₂ b ₂ D ' ₂ D '' ₂ 3 3 a ₃ b ₃ D ' ₃ D '' ₃ 1 4 a ₄ b ₄ D ' ₄ D '' ₄ 2 5 a ₅ b ₅ D ' ₅ D '' ₅ m ... ... ... ... ... ... m a _m b _m D ' _m D '' _m 5

Claims (8)

1. An automated system for monitoring production at the enterprise, containing: - a system database designed to store a reference model of a specific production at the enterprise, pre-formed on the basis of information about available production capacities on each technological route of the enterprise, each of which is a sequence of production operations for the processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products, and information on the norms of resource consumption on each of the mentioned technological routes and on the duration of each production op the operation of this technological route, which is a specific type of processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products on the corresponding section of a specific technological route, and on incoming orders from customers, taking into account the distribution of these orders along the mentioned technological routes for planning production campaigns, each of which represents a pair of successive mentioned manufacturing operations, and said raw materials and / or semi-finished products are compared specifically th carriers circulating means, each provided with respective identifier and are converted from one form to another in each production campaign; - data entry devices designed to enter data on the actual implementation of each of the planned production campaigns and on the availability of appropriate working capital carriers; - a processor configured to: - comparing this data with the aforementioned generated model stored in the system database to find inconsistencies between real data and model data, and - processing the data obtained as a result of said comparison to obtain the resulting data of the required degree of generalization for display at the corresponding hierarchical level of monitoring; and - display devices for displaying the results of said comparison at the corresponding hierarchical level of monitoring. 2. The system according to claim 1, in which: - the upper level of the above hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent as the objects of observation all the main areas of production and economic activity of the enterprise; - the lower level of the mentioned hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent as the objects of observation the results of the work of the corresponding production units, as well as the primary documents of production management, financial and accounting; - each intermediate level of the hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent objects aggregated from the objects of observation of the underlying level in accordance with predetermined conditions. 3. The system according to claim 2, in which said conditions for aggregation of monitoring objects at intermediate levels include the technological structure of the said enterprise. 4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which said processor is configured to provide access to a specific level and all underlying levels of said hierarchical monitoring only to a person who has the appropriate access right. 5. An automated system for monitoring production at a metallurgical enterprise, containing: - a system database designed to store a model of a specific production at the said metallurgical enterprise on the basis of information about the available production capacities at each technological route of the enterprise, each of which represents a sequence of production operations of a metallurgical conversion, i.e. processing of raw materials and / or previously manufactured semi-finished products, and information on the norms of consumption of resources on each of the mentioned technological routes and on the duration of each production operation of this technological route, which is a specific type of processing of the aforementioned continuous series of metallurgical melts on the corresponding section of a specific technological route, and on incoming orders from customers, taking into account the distribution of these orders along the mentioned technological routes for the planners production campaigns, each of which is a pair of successive mentioned manufacturing operations, the raw materials and / or semi-finished products being mapped to specific working capital carriers, each of which is equipped with an appropriate identifier and which is converted from one form to another in each metallurgical conversion; - data entry devices designed to enter data on the actual implementation of each of the planned production campaigns and on the availability of appropriate working capital carriers; - a processor configured to: - comparing this data with the aforementioned generated model stored in the system database to find inconsistencies between real data and model data, and - processing the data obtained as a result of said comparison to obtain the resulting data of the required degree of generalization for display at the corresponding hierarchical level of monitoring; and - display devices for displaying the results of said comparison at the corresponding hierarchical level of monitoring. 6. The system according to claim 5, in which: - the upper level of the hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent all the main areas of production and economic activity of the said metallurgical enterprise as objects of observation; - the lower level of the mentioned hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent as the objects of observation the results of the work of the corresponding production units, as well as the primary documents of production management, financial and accounting; - each intermediate level of the hierarchical monitoring is intended to represent objects aggregated from the objects of observation of the underlying level in accordance with predetermined conditions. 7. The system according to claim 6, in which the aforementioned conditions for aggregation of objects of observation at intermediate levels include the technological structure of the said metallurgical enterprise. 8. The system according to any one of paragraphs.5-7, in which said processor is configured to provide access to a specific level and all underlying levels of said hierarchical monitoring only to a person having an appropriate access right.