RU31474U1 - The device for hydroacoustic masking of a marine moving object - Google Patents

Description

Device for hydroacoustic masking of a marine movable object

The utility model relates to hydroacoustic technology, and more specifically, to devices for hydroacoustic masking of the secondary fields of marine moving objects (MPO).

Cetaceans using sonar signals determine the distance to the whaling vessel and avoid meeting with this MPO see, for example, M.D. Truskanov, E.V. Shishkova, M.N. Scherbino. New in fishing technique. Literature review. - M .: Food industry, 1967. 136 s. Therefore, it is advisable to disguise this MPO as false objects reflecting a sonar signal and located in the vicinity of MPO.

From military hydroacoustics, systems for counteracting sonar surveillance in the form of imitation cartridges, or “bubble targets used during the war, are known. In the German Navy used bubble targets "Bold, firing from a submarine from a special device" Pillenverfer A. L. Prostakov. Hydroacoustics in foreign fleets. -L.: Shipbuilding, 1964. - p. 115.

However, “bubble targets are motionless; they do not create the Doppler effect when reflecting acoustic waves, which makes them easy to classify.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed MPO masking device are submarine simulators that can reproduce the reflected acoustic field of a ship according to a predetermined program Missiles and Rockets magazine, 1961, vol.8, No. 11. These simulators are small-sized self-propelled shells resembling a torpedo , with dimensions, for example, 3.35 m long, body diameter 0.35 m, weight 155.6 kg. On them the masking path is established, with GOl S 15/96

holding a hydroacoustic omnidirectional receiver, amplifier and hydroacoustic omnidirectional emitter. Relay packages simulate an echo signal whose intensity due to amplification corresponds to the intensity of the echo signal from a submarine.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is the need to create a self-propelled device and not the efficiency of its use.

The objective of the utility model is to mask MPO for false objects, creating an echo signal outside the MPO location without using self-propelled devices.

To solve this problem, a hydroacoustic masking device for a marine moving object is proposed, containing, like a prototype device, a hydroacoustic receiver, an amplifier-transponder and a hydroacoustic emitter located on the MPO. The hydroacoustic receiver is made in the form of a series-connected directional receiving hydroacoustic antenna with a circular view of the space, a multi-channel receiving path, a shaper of directional characteristics, a unit for determining the direction of the sonar signal, a narrow-band spectral analysis unit, and a block for shifting the spectrum of the receiving signal by the Doscher frequency shift based on the simulated speed IGO progress. The sonar detector is made in the form of a directed radiating path so that it creates glare on the reflecting surfaces of the bottom or sea surface in sizes corresponding to false MPOs; a gain detection and gain control unit for the repeater amplifier is also introduced, which ensures the intensity of the masking signal in the direction to the sonar, corresponding to reflections from MPO with a reflection coefficient in this direction from the bottom or surface of the sea, the output of which is connected to a controlled input, amplify. the translator also introduced a control unit and a clock terminal which are connected to sishfovyhody device synchronized blocks.

The unit for determining and adjusting the gain of the amplifier - repeater contains a series-connected unit for calculating the distance to the flare of a false MPO. The first, second, third inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the unit for determining the direction to the sonar signal, MPO depth gauge, MPO sounder, unit for calculating the necessary gain, gain control unit, the output of which is connected to the control input of the repeater amplifier, an equivalent false radius memory block is also introduced targets Kekv-, the memory block of the emissivity concentration coefficient K, the input of which is connected to the radiating path, the memory block of the sensitivity of the emitter, the wave recorder and the block of data of reflections from the bottom and the seas, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of the unit for calculating the necessary gain.

The directional radiating path contains a series-connected block of amplitude-phase distribution, the input of which is connected to an amplifier-repeater and a transmitter from electro-acoustic transducers, also contains a series-connected memory block of sizes of false MPO, a block for selecting directivity characteristics (XI), the output of which is connected to the second input of the block amplitude-phase distribution, and the second output is connected to the input of the memory block K, the second input is connected to the output of the unit for calculating the distance to the flare false Wow IGO.

The technical result of the utility model is efficiency, since the response to the received MPO sonar signal is carried out almost instantly. In addition, an expensive self-propelled device of a single action is not required.

Pa figure 1 shows a block diagram of a device for sonar masking MPO.

Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a directional radiating path.

Figure 4 is an explanation of the operation of the device.

On Fig. 3 is an explanation of the scattering of acoustic waves from uneven surfaces.

The MHO sonar masking device (Fig. 1) contains a serially connected sonar receiving antenna 1, a multi-channel amplification path 2, a beamforming characteristics generator 3, a unit for determining the direction of the sonar signal 4, a narrowband spectral analysis unit 5, a received signal shift unit for Doppler frequency shift 6 , the amplifier-repeater 7, the directed radiating path 8, also contains the definition and adjustment of gain 9, the input of which is connected to the output of block 4, and the output is connected to amplifier-relay 7, also contains a control unit 10, the synchro-inputs and the super-wide outputs of which are connected by synchronized units of the device.

The unit for determining and adjusting the gain 9 contains a series-connected unit for calculating the distance to the flare of the false MHO 11, connected to the depth gauge MHO 12, a unit for calculating the necessary gain 13, a unit for adjusting the gain 14, the output of which is connected to the unit 8. The second and third inputs of the unit 11 are connected to the outputs of block 4 and the output of the echo sounder MHO 15.

Block 9 also contains a memory block of the equivalent radius of the target 16, a memory block of the concentration coefficient 17, the input of which is connected to the output of block 8, a memory block h) of the emitter 18, a wave recorder 19, a data block of reflections from the bottom 20, the outputs of which are connected to the second, third , fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of block 13, respectively.

The directional radiating path 8 contains a series-connected block of the amplitude-phase distribution 21, the input of which is connected to the output of the block 7, and a radiator from electro-acoustic transformers M Z J A

developers 22, also contains a series-connected block for naming the sizes of false MPO 23 and a block for selecting directivity characteristics 24, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of blocks 11 and 21, and the output is connected to block 13.

The operation of the device for hydroacoustic masking of a marine moving object is as follows. After the sonar signal arrives at the receiving-sonar antenna, it is converted into electrical voltage, which is amplified in block 2, in block 3, directional characteristics are formed that provide noise immunity to the signal and allow block 4 to determine the direction of the sonar signal. Since the signal is usually complex, it is analyzed in the spectrum analyzer 5, in block 6 it is shifted by the Doppler frequency shift:

+ L / - 9 / - MPO Cosd ± A / -.

where V0 is the frequency of the receiving package, determined in block 5; VMUO - MPO movement speed; q is the heading angle at the signal source, determined in block 4; C is the speed of sound in the marine environment.

The signal shifted by the Doppler frequency is fed to the amplifier-relay 7, the gain of which is selected in block 9, and emitted by a directed emitting path to the bottom or surface of the sea (see the example in Fig. 4). This can be done both in the direction of the signal source, and in any other direction at the choice of the operator.

The operation of the unit for determining and adjusting the gain 9 is carried out according to the algorithm according to which the gain of the amplifier of the relay is determined

, g izmUizm Ruzm

 r p

 pr pr

hay in the memory block 18; P „p is the receiving signal of the sonar; Iism is the voltage at the output of the repeater amplifier.

The value of Rism is selected by the formula, calculated in block 13:

p S cl. L.1o0.

rev A jf „fomp

 H)

where S is the recognition coefficient of the receiving system of the signal source, RP is the level of hydroacoustic interference, Af is the anomaly factor, Klv is the equivalent target radius set by the operator for the false MPO, entered in the memory block 16, g is the distance along the propagation path of the masking signal to the false MPO, calculated in block 11 according to the depth gauge MPO 12, sonar MPO 15 taking into account the direction generated in block 4, у is the sound attenuation coefficient, Water is the reflection coefficient in the direction to the signal source, determined in blocks 19 or 20.

Radiated acoustic power

Fri

ak-v2

(3.45-lOY / i:

where the concentration coefficient of the emitter K is formed in the memory block 17.

The value of water is determined, for example, by the Rayleigh formula:

y2

I neg

where is the Rayleigh parameter

(R .

Here I is the length of the sound wave, and is the glide angle, / P is the average square of the height of the sea wave, determined by the waveograph 19.

In the data block of reflections from the bottom 20, soil data in the water area and average reflection coefficients are entered. For example, from sandy soil with an average particle size of 0.26 mm, the average value of the reflection coefficient is 0.51 for stony soil, the average value of the coefficient

reflections from 0.56 to 0.82 (A.P. Stankevich. Acoustics of the sea. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1966. - p. 129).

In block 8, the directivity of the radiating path is chosen so that the size of the false gloss is approximately equal to the size of the MPO specified by the operator. The solution of the directional characteristic in half power with a round aperture of the radiated diameter d is determined by the approximate formula

 Fadus. a

Reflection from an uneven surface takes place in the form of false targets to the sonar receiving system (Figs. 4 and 5).

Thus, the device sonar masking MPO successfully solves the problem.

The building blocks of the device is known from the practice of sonar. The receiving path from blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is described in the book under the editorship of E. Oppenheimer. The use of digital signal processing. - M.: Mir, 1980 .-- p. 436-475. The radiating path from blocks 6, 7, 8 is described in the book by L.V. Orlov and A.V. Shabrov. Hydroacoustic equipment of the fishing fleet. - L .: Shipbuilding, 1987.- p. 201-210.

Claims (3)

1. A device for hydroacoustic massaging of a moving object (MPO), comprising a hydroacoustic receiver, amplifier and hydroacoustic emitter, characterized in that the hydroacoustic receiver is made in the form of a series-connected directional receiving hydroacoustic antenna with a circular view of the space, a multichannel receiving path, a shaper of directional characteristics, a determination unit directions to the sonar signal, narrow-band spectral analysis unit, spectrum shift unit received with drove to the Doppler frequency shift due to the MPO speed, the sonar emitter is made in the form of a radiating path with an adjustable directivity characteristic, such that it creates glare on the reflecting surfaces of the bottom or sea surface in size corresponding to false MPOs; a detection and adjustment unit is also introduced amplification of the repeater amplifier, which ensures the intensity of the maximizing signal in the direction to the sonar, corresponding to reflections from the MPO taking into account the reflection coefficients in this direction from the bottom or sea surface, whose output is connected to a control input of the amplifier-repeater. 2. The device for hydroacoustic masking of a marine moving object MPO according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for determining and adjusting the gain of the repeater amplifier contains a series-connected unit for calculating the distance to the flare of a false MPO, the first, second, third inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the determination unit directions to the signal of the sonar, depth gauge MPO and echo sounder MPO, unit for calculating the necessary gain, gain control unit, the output of which is connected to the control input of the amplifier-retran insulator also introduced memory block equivalent radius decoy R _eq concentration coefficient storage unit radiator K, whose input is connected to the radiating path, block memory emitter sensitivity wave recorder and data block reflections from the sea bottom, whose inputs are connected respectively to the second, third, the fourth, fifth and sixth inputs of the unit for calculating the necessary gain. 3. The device for hydroacoustic masking of a marine moving object (MPO) according to claim 1, characterized in that the directional emitting path contains a series-connected block of amplitude-phase distribution, the input of which is connected to an amplifier-repeater, and the emitter of electro-acoustic transducers also contains series-connected a memory block of sizes of false MPO, a block for selecting directivity characteristics, the output of which is connected to the second input of the amplitude-phase distribution unit, and the second output with it is single with the input of the concentration coefficient memory block, the second input is connected to the output of the block for calculating the distance to the glare of a false marine moving object.