RU29393U1 - Computer input and output system - Google Patents

Description

Computer input and output system

The utility model relates to the field of tiflotechnics and is intended for inputting alphanumeric information and control commands into computers by a person with visual disabilities (operator), as well as for outputting this information.

The computer information input and output system described in this application allows you to organize an effective interface between the operator and the computer and can be used to enter characters in Braille code, disk operating system commands (DOS or Windows), as well as enter text editor commands and other application software.

In the proposed system for data entry using sound and tactile perception of information. Moreover, the urgent task is to increase the speed and accuracy of information input, as well as the possibility of error correction.

A known data entry system for people with disabilities operating typewriters with a conventional keyboard, Braille typewriters, and other machines having software control containing manual manipulators, power sources, and actuators of typewriters or other typewriters, while the control organs of manual manipulators in Depending on the physical effects of the fingers, in a certain sequence, sources of electricity and actuators of typewriters or other typewriters are connected and controlled They are entered by input as well as output of data, for example, to print 1.

information input due to the possibility of erroneous actions of the operator in the absence of feedback, which allows to control data entry.

Closest to the proposed system is a system (prototype) for inputting and outputting information for a computer, comprising a keyboard for inputting characters using the Braille system, a tactile field for indicating input characters, an output device and computers, the keyboard for entering characters using the Braille system is connected with control signals with a tactile a field for indicating input characters and a computer, and a tactile field for indicating characters and output device is connected to a computer 2.

The disadvantage of this system is the low speed of inputting information in the system due to the need for a complete set of input information, as well as the low accuracy of inputting information due to the lack of the ability to quickly perceive erroneous operator actions.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the speed of inputting information by reducing the number of input characters, as well as improving the accuracy of inputting information by tactile and sound dial indications and the possibility of prompt correction of incorrectly entered characters.

To achieve this goal, a computer information input and output system containing a keyboard for inputting characters using the Braille system, a tactile display field for input characters, an output device and a computer, and a keyboard for inputting characters using a Braille system, is connected by information control signals with a tactile display field for inputting characters characters and computers, and the tactile field for indicating input characters and an output device are connected to a computer, a block for predicting input characters, a block for audibly indicating input characters are introduced visual display zone administered

characters, and blocks prediction of input characters and sound indication of input characters, as well as the visual field of indication of input characters are connected to the computer.

The proposed computer information input and output system is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1 to 3. In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed system. A keyboard for entering characters using the Braille system is shown in FIG. 2, a braille table is shown in FIG. 3.

The data input and output system for a computer (Fig. 1) contains a keyboard 1 for inputting characters using the Braille system, a tactile field for displaying input characters 2, a visual field for displaying input characters 3, a prediction unit for input words 4, a sound indication unit for input characters 5, a computer 6 and output device 7.

A special keyboard 3 can be used as keyboard 1 for entering characters using the Braille system. Keyboard 1 for typing characters using the Braille system (Fig. 2) contains a base 8, supports for hands 9, six oval keys for typing characters using the Braille system 10, oval key "Space 11, the indicator button for the mode attribute" Uppercase 12, the indicator button for the sign of the mode "Digital 13, the oval function key" Slaughter 14, the oval function key "Output 15.

The proposed system of input and output of information for computers works as follows.

From the keyboard 1, the operator enters the characters of the Braille code, - editing commands, operating system commands, or other application software commands. Keyboard commands are entered by activating certain keys or key combinations, however, it is also possible to enter commands by typing a sequence of characters in command line mode. Each character in the Braille code on the keyboard 1 corresponds to the simultaneous pressing of a certain combination of six oval keys for character set 10 in combination with the buttons for the mode indicator “Capital 12 and the mode indicator“ Digital 13.

A command in command line mode is entered by typing a sequence of characters corresponding to the syntax of this command. The conversion of the symbol code by the Braille system into the symbol value is carried out according to a pre-compiled table recorded in the computer memory. Each of the six keys for character set 10 using the Braille system of keyboard 1 is assigned a weight numerically equal to two in the power corresponding to the number of the pressed key. The character will be determined by the sum of the weights of the keys pressed while typing this character. For example, if for a set of some character x the keys with numbers n / A2, ... were selected from the set of keys, then the code of this character k (x) is calculated by the following formula

hell.

The input of the table by which the input characters are determined is the character code k (x), and the output is the character x itself. The total size of the table is 2 64 bytes. Some addresses in the table remain empty, i.e., do not correspond to any character. Such addresses in the table can be filled with an error symbol, for example, the symbol #, or used for simplified input of commands.

The tactile indication field for input characters 2 is a braille display. The braille display consists of individual image points of a symbol combined in a rectangular matrix. The characters on the tactile display field of input characters 2 are displayed in Braille according to the table in FIG. 3. Each image point can be in two states: on (convex) and off (flat). The states of points are perceived by the operator tactilely. Structurally, the points can be made in the form of punches.

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moved by means of an electromagnet 4. A symbol or command entered from the keyboard 1 by the operator is displayed on the tactile field of indication of the entered symbols 2 in the form of a relief - point image. This allows the operator, if necessary, to tactilely control the correctness of the entered characters.

In addition, the input of characters or commands is accompanied by a voice signal, which is played by the sound indication block of the input characters 5. For example, when you enter the letter a, the letter a is pronounced in voice, when you enter the Slaughter command, the word slaughter is pronounced, etc.

Duplication of the entered characters and commands using tactile and sound indications allows the system to be used for educational purposes, for example, for teaching Braille to novice operators.

With the help of sound input characters and commands, the operator can additionally control the correctness of the set of characters and commands on the keyboard 1, which increases the accuracy of the input of information into the computer.

The sound indication unit 5 can be performed using special hardware, however, at the same time, part of the hardware or even all the hardware can be implemented using computer equipment: a processor, random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive (HDD), read-only memory (ROM), sound card, speakers. In this case, the amount of additional hardware of the information input and output system is reduced, and the sound indication unit 5 is implemented in software and hardware on a multimedia computer. Sound files corresponding to various sound signals are recorded on the HDD. When determining the character or command entered from the keyboard 1, the necessary sound file is loaded from the hard drive into RAM, then the sound card performs

synthesis of an analog sound signal that is reproduced by speakers. The processor controls the playback of sound signals in accordance with the program stored in the ROM.

The time for entering words and phrases into a computer allows reducing the prediction block for input words 4. Words of the language have significant redundancy, due to which many of these words can be uniquely restored after entering the sequence of the first letters of words. For example, to enter the word apple, it is enough to enter the letter combination of apples, and enter the prediction block 1x words 4 using the sound indication unit 5 plays the word apple in the voice, in case the word that is supposed to be entered into the computer matches the sound signal, it is enough for the operator to press a key combination to confirm entering a word, As such a combination of confirming entering a word, you can use, for example, one of the prohibited combinations of keys 10 of keyboard 1. Otherwise, you can continue to enter a word from the keyboard Sounds and a sound confirmation signal can be entered later. If you enter the word apple, the number of characters you enter can be halved.

Similarly to the sound indication unit 5, the input word prediction unit 4 can also be implemented in hardware and software using computer equipment. A hard drive stores a dictionary of words and phrases, as well as sound files corresponding to these words or phrases. Before starting work, this dictionary is rewritten from the HDD in the computer RAM. When typing a word or phrase on the keyboard 1, they search for the typed sequence of characters (letters) in the dictionary. In the case when the number of occurrences of the indicated sequence of characters in the dictionary becomes less than or equal to the selected threshold (usually 1..3), sound files of possible variants of words or phrases are reproduced by voice. Next one9 xD / 5 4 / - / 5

The speaker selects the desired word or phrase by entering the confirmation command of the sound signal from the keyboard 1.

The characters and commands entered from the keyboard 1, among other things, are displayed in the visual display field of the input characters 3. The visual display field of the input characters 3 is a window for entering text information on the computer monitor screen. It can be used, if necessary, to control the correctness of the entered information, for example, by a visually impaired operator or a third-party sighted person.

In incorrect typing from the keyboard 1 character code by Braille, i.e. a set of code that does not correspond to any of the symbols shown in FIG. 3, as well as computer commands, the error symbol # is determined from the symbol table, a characteristic error sound is heard (for example, the word error is pronounced), nothing is written into the visual display field of input characters 3 on the monitor screen and into the tactile display field of input characters 2 and , respectively, the name of the symbol is not pronounced.

Pressing the Space bar 11 in combination with one or more symbol keys 10 can significantly increase the number of different characters and commands that can be entered and expand the functionality of the system.

To enter text editing commands, for example, the “Slaughter a word” command, simultaneously press the right key «Space 11 and the fourth, counting from top to bottom and. from left to right, symbol key 10. This will reset the previously typed erroneous word, and the system is ready to type a new word.

Similarly, simplified input of the operating system file commands and other commands is carried out. For example, the command to write the file “Save” can be performed by simultaneously pressing the left key “Space 11 and the third character key 10. When

CC / i-f THIS, depending on the contents of the file address, the file can be printed, written to a hard or flexible disk, sent by e-mail, etc.

When the operator activates the keyboard keys 1 corresponding to any of the three commands Slaughter, Space and Output, an acoustic signal is generated corresponding to the name of the command: for example, for the Space command, the letter combination pr is pronounced, for the Slaughter and Output commands, the full name of these commands can be pronounced, since these commands they are usually used much less frequently than others, and their full pronunciation does not significantly affect the speed of entering characters in comparison with a shortened one.

To output the information gathered to the output device, activate the key corresponding to the Output command. As an output device, you can use, for example, a printer for flat printing, a printer for bump printing, a modem, etc.

To implement the proposed system, the implementation of the possibility of sound (voice) accompaniment of events related to the activation of keyboard keys 1 is of no small importance.

The described system uses an IBM PC compatible computer running the Windows 95 and higher operating system with a sound card and speaker installed. Voice guidance files are recorded in advance, for example, from a microphone and the standard sound recording function of the operating system can be used, as described in 5.

For processing events related to sound files and output of information to the tactile field of indication of input characters 2 and the visual field of indication of input characters 3, the Delphi 6 visual programming environment can be used.

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legends can significantly increase the speed of entering information into computers.

In addition, a multimedia computer is used in the system, and some of the functions of the system can be implemented in software and hardware. This reduces the complexity of the proposed system.

The system uses tactile and audible indication of the entered characters, which allows you to quickly control the correctness of information input. In addition, the system has a sound indication of erroneous character code dialing using the Braille system and the ability to correct an erroneously entered character, which together increases the accuracy of the input data by reducing operator errors.

Also, the advantages of the system include the ability to quickly expand and change the set of input characters, for example, the rapid change of the language of the alphabet.

Achievable technical result of the proposed system of input and output of information for a computer is to increase the speed of inputting information into a computer, simplifying the system, as well as increasing the accuracy of information input.

Sources of information:

1. Hayk Kafefian. Communication system for the disabled. USSR patent No. 296311, cl. B 41 J 3/32, publ. 1971.

2. A device for data input and output for computers. EPO Patent No. O 061 595, cl. G 09 V 21/00, G 06 F 3/00, publ. 1982.

3.Kukharev A.D., Sokolova G.I., Kvashennikov V.V., Grishin Yu.K. Braille keyboard for typing characters. Certificate for Utility Model N 23211, cl. G 09 V 21/00, G 06 F 3/02, publ. 2002,

4.Kukharev A.D., Blinov A.A., Grshshsh Yu. K. Device for dialing a relief - point image. RF patent No. 2142881, cl. B 41 J 3/38, publ. 1999.

5.Bogumirsky B, Encyclopedia of Windows 98 - St. Petersburg. Peter Kom., 2000, p. 328.

6. Arkhangelsky A. Ya. Programming in Delphi 5 - M .: CJSC BINOM Publishing House, 2000, p. 883.

Authors: G. A. D. Kukharev

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V.V. Kvashennikov

G.I.Sokolova

Yu. K. Grishin

Claims (1)

A computer information input and output system comprising a keyboard for inputting characters using the Braille system, a tactile field for displaying input characters, an output device and a computer, the keyboard for inputting characters using a Braille system, is connected by information control signals with a tactile field for displaying the input characters and computers, and the tactile field for indicating input characters and an output device are connected to a computer, characterized in that a predictor for input characters, a unit for audibly indicating input characters and visual a field for indicating input characters, moreover, blocks for predicting input characters and sound indications for input characters, as well as a visual field for indicating input characters, are connected to a computer.