RU2827000C1 - Method of controlling traffic routing between networks of telecom operators - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: traffic routing control means.

SUBSTANCE: result is achieved due to fast formation of interconnection based on a virtual communication channel, aggregated from subchannels formed by pairs of subscriber radio access devices connected to different networks of communication operators and located in the zone of mutual intersection of their radio coverage.

EFFECT: improved quality of service to consumers due to improved operational characteristics of interacting communication networks.

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Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the field of communication network management and can be used to manage traffic routing.

State of the art

One of the important tasks in the field of communication network management is the task of managing traffic routing.

Routing is the process of determining the route of data in communication networks [Bobyntsev, D.O. Fundamentals of Administration of Information Systems: a tutorial / D.O. Bobyntsev [et al.]. - Moscow; Berlin: Direct-Media, 2021. - 200 p.].

Route - a sequence of nodes lying on the path from the sender to the recipient [Olifer Victor, Olifer Natalia Computer networks. Principles, technologies, protocols: Anniversary edition. - St. Petersburg: Piter, 2020. - 1008 p.].

Historically, traffic routing management was used to determine the optimal paths according to some criterion (with minimal delay, cost, maximum reliability or throughput). Later, routing began to be used, among other things, as a method of balancing network loads, as well as to ensure the required quality of user service [A.A. Avdeev, E.A. Dolmatov, R.E. Liseykin, S.M. Odoevsky, S.V. Oransky, V.O. Rashich. Special-Purpose Infocommunication Systems. Tutorial / Ed. by S.M. Odoevsky. - St. Petersburg: VAS, 2016. - 447 p.: ill.].

In general, the routing management process consists of adapting routes to the constantly changing state of the communication network in order to maintain load balance, route optimality and quality of service to users.

The main, most dynamic factor influencing the state of the communication network is the actions of users in generating and consuming information, as a result of which the intensity of traffic flows changes, which can cause overload of some elements of the communication network and, as a consequence, a decrease in operational indicators, leading to a deterioration in the quality of service.

The greatest impact of congestion is on the process of packet delivery [Krylov V.V., Samokhvalova S.S. Teletraffic Theory and Its Applications. - SPb.: BHV-Petersburg, 2005. - 288 p.], characterized by the packet loss ratio ( PLR ) [GOST R 53728-2009 Quality of Service "Data Transmission". Quality Indicators]:

Where - the number of packets sent, - number of received packets.

In more detail, the essence of the routing management task consists of redistributing traffic flows by changing their routes so that the load on the communication network equipment is optimal (does not exceed the maximum permissible values).

The main limitation encountered in the process of routing management is the physical structure of the communication network, which allows building routes only within this structure. In other words, the ability to reduce the intensity of the incoming traffic flow to highly loaded network elements is limited by the physical structure of the network.

The negative effect is aggravated if there are “bottlenecks” – bridges – in the physical structure of the network.

A bridge [in the context of structure] is a network element (node or line) that has the highest betweenness centrality measure. Bridges connect individual parts of the network (clusters), i.e. removing a bridge results in the network being disconnected [Mark Needham, Amy Hodler Graph Algorithms. Practical Implementation on Apache Spark and Neo4j Platforms. / translated from English by V. S. Yatsenkova - Moscow: DMK Press, 2020. - 258 p.].

This situation is observed during the interaction of communication networks of different communication operators, since the connection of their networks is carried out using a limited (minimum) number of connection points [Macroscopic study of the Internet. URL: www.ididb.ru].

Connection point - communication facilities that are part of one telecommunications network, with the help of which the physical connection of communication facilities of another telecommunications network is carried out and the possibility of passing traffic between these networks is ensured [Rules for the connection of telecommunications networks and their interaction, approved by RF Government Resolution No. 29 of 21.01.2022].

An interconnection consists of connection points of communication networks and the means of their connection (direct communication line, traffic exchange point or third-party communication operator network).

Traffic exchange point - a set of technical and software means and (or) communication facilities, using which the owner or other holder thereof ensures the possibility of connecting and transmitting unchanged traffic between communication networks, if the owner or other holder of communication networks has a unique identifier for the set of communication facilities and other technical means in the information and telecommunications network "Internet" [Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 7, 2003 No. 126-FZ "On Communications"].

Minimization of the number of connection points between two networks follows from the high cost of capital works on the creation of linear and nodal communication structures and the complexity of control, including from the point of view of security, of the process of inter-network interaction.

Thus, the task of managing traffic routing between the networks of telecom operators is relevant.

a) Description of analogues

A method for determining the effective BGPAS-pathpre-pend path vector is known [Pat. USUS2013/0132542 A1, G06F 5/73, Method and system for effective BGPAS-pathpre-pending / YingZhang, SanJose, pub. 23.05.2013], which consists of collecting topological data at the level of autonomous systems, determining connections between autonomous systems, calculating paths for each pair of autonomous systems, applying load balancing technology, reserving paths, and determining the BGPAS-pathpre-pend path vector.

Disadvantage of the method. Routing control based on the definition (change) of the AS-path vector allows choosing a route from a very limited number of possible routes, which reduces the probability of having an optimal one.

A method for efficient routing in communication networks is known [Patent RF RU2436250, H04L 12/56, Method and device for efficient routing in communication networks / Narayanan Vidya, Wang Jun, Dondeti Lakshminath Reddy, Mahendran Arungundram S., Hsu Raymond Tah-Sheng, published 12/10/2011, Bulletin No. 34], which consists in detecting traffic transmitted between the first and second nodes, transmitting a request to a mobility agent associated with the first node to request authorization for route optimization between the first and second nodes, receiving a response that authorizes route optimization, and establishing an optimized route.

Disadvantage of the method: the method does not allow excluding overloaded network elements (bridges) from the routes being formed, which negatively affects the quality of service to users.

A method for routing in mobile personal satellite communications networks on low-orbit repeater satellites with zonal registration of subscribers is known [Patent. Russian Federation RU2714220, H04W 40/20, H04W 8/00, Method for routing in mobile personal satellite communications networks on low-orbit repeater satellites with zonal registration of subscribers and a router of a low-orbit repeater satellite with integrated services for implementing the said method, Panteleimonov I.N., published 13.02.2020, Bull. No. 5], which consists in that ballistic information about the current position of low-orbit repeater satellites relative to the radio communication zone and radio communication subzone on the surface of the globe is periodically sent to all low-orbit repeater satellites from the flight control center and is recorded in each low-orbit repeater satellite in the databases of ballistic information about the location of low-orbit repeater satellites, and information about the current location of subscriber terminals relative to the radio communication zone and radio communication subzone is sent to all low-orbit repeater satellites and to the network control center, wherein when constructing a route, a request is made to the database of registered subscribers in the radio communication zone and radio communication subzone, to the database of low-orbit repeater satellites that have established a connection with the gateway station in the feeder communication line and to the database of ballistic information about the location of low-orbit repeater satellites in orbit relative to the radio communication zone and radio communication subzone.

Disadvantage of the method: low adequacy of the created routes to the structural-flow situation due to the low speed of updating the data on the basis of which the routes are built.

b) Description of the closest analogue (prototype)

The closest in technical essence and functions performed to the declared one (the prototype) is the method for managing traffic routing in a communication network [Pat. USUS20090323544A1, H04L 2/26, Internet routed aggregation and route selection preferenceencng / Michael E. Gaddis, Peter N. Hicks, Webster, David Barmann, Steven T. Nunes, pub. 12/31/2009], which consists in selecting IP packets (hereinafter referred to as packets) in a plurality of connection points of communication networks, comparing the IP addresses (hereinafter referred to as addresses) of the selected packets with the prefixes of the subnets interacting through the connection points of communication networks, on the basis of which summary data is obtained characterizing the flows of inter-network traffic, and rebuilding the routes of passage of inter-network traffic.

Disadvantage: According to the method, redistribution of inter-network traffic is not effective if its intensity exceeds the total throughput of the connection points.

The general disadvantage of known methods of routing control is that the process of routing control (route selection) is carried out in a space of possible options limited by the physical structure of the network, within which an optimal route may not exist.

Technical problem

The technical problem lies in the need to expand the arsenal of technical solutions for managing traffic routing between telecom operator networks.

The technical problem is caused by the low efficiency of known methods of routing management to maintain (increase) the operational (technical) parameters of the communication network within the specified (required) limits, the reduction of which is caused by the overload of communication nodes (including connection points) due to changes (including pulsed) in the structure and volume of inter-network traffic (including due to the emergence or movement of large consumers).

The technical problem is solved by creating a technical solution (a method for managing traffic routing between networks of telecom operators), which consists of expanding the space of possible routes for traffic between networks of telecom operators by quickly forming an inter-network connection based on a virtual communication channel, aggregated from subchannels formed by pairs of subscriber radio access devices connected to different networks of telecom operators and located in the zone of mutual intersection of their radio coverage.

Disclosure of the invention (its essence)

a) The technical result that the invention is aimed at achieving

The technical result is the implementation of traffic routing management between networks of communication operators, an increase in the quality of consumer service due to an increase in the operational indicators of interacting communication networks, in particular the quality of the packet delivery process.

The technical result is achieved in that in the method for managing the routing of traffic between networks of communication operators, which consists in selecting IP packets in a plurality of connection points of communication networks, comparing the IP addresses of the selected packets with the prefixes of the subnets interacting through the connection points of communication networks, on the basis of which summary data is obtained that characterize the flows of inter-network traffic, rebuilding the routes of passage of inter-network traffic, according to the invention, additionally searching for an optimal location of an additional inter-network connection that corresponds to the changed volume and structure of the flows of inter-network traffic, from an optimally located access node of the network of the first communication operator a command is sent to the subscriber radio access devices connected to it to form subchannels, on the subscriber radio access devices, upon receiving a command to form a subchannel, the radio air is checked on the subscriber radio access devices for the presence of service signals of the subscriber radio access devices connected to the optimally located access node of the network of the second communication operator, from the subscriber radio access devices of the network of the first communication operator a request is sent to establish connections with the subscriber radio access devices of the network the second communication operator, which has the highest signal level, from the subscriber devices of the radio access network of the second communication operator, upon receiving a request, send a response about readiness to form a subchannel, form subchannels between the subscriber devices of the radio access of the two communication operators, from the subscriber devices of the radio access send messages about the formed subchannels to the access nodes to which they are connected, form a virtual communication channel between the access nodes of the networks of communication operators based on the aggregation of the formed subchannels, from the access nodes to their networks send announcements about the availability of subnets of the network of another communication operator.

c) Cause-and-effect relationship between features and technical result

By introducing a set of essential distinctive features into a known object, the claimed method makes it possible to implement traffic routing management between networks of communication operators.

Evidence of compliance of the claimed invention with the conditions of patentability

The analysis of the state of the art has allowed us to establish that there are no analogues characterized by sets of features identical to all the features of the claimed method. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the patentability requirement of "novelty".

The listed new set of essential features is sufficient for implementing traffic routing management between the networks of telecom operators.

The results of the search for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that coincide with the distinctive features of the claimed invention from the prototypes showed that they do not follow explicitly from the state of the art. The prior art determined by the applicant does not reveal the known influence of the essential features of the claimed invention on achieving the specified technical result. Consequently, the claimed invention meets the patentability condition of "inventive step".

The “industrial applicability” of the method is determined by the presence of an element base, on the basis of which devices can be made that implement this method with the achievement of the result specified in the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings:

Fig. 1 - Scheme of interaction of networks of communication operators before implementation of the method;

Fig. 2 - Scheme of interaction of networks of communication operators after implementation of the method;

Fig. 3 - Example of data characterizing inter-network traffic flows between networks AS 64496 and AS 64511;

Fig. 4 - An example of data characterizing the service signals of subscriber radio access devices of the AS 64511 network detected in the air by one of the subscriber radio access devices of the AS 64496 network.

In Fig. 1, 2:

IXP (InterneteXchangePoint) - traffic exchange point;

ISP (Internet Service Provider) 1 - first telecom operator;

AS (Autonomous System) 64496 - network (autonomous system) of the first communications operator (first communications network);

1.1-1.4 - nodes of the core level of the network of the first telecom operator;

1.5-1.7 - nodes of the aggregation level of the first telecom operator's network;

1.8-1.10 - nodes of the access level of the first telecom operator's network;

1.11, 1.12, …, 1.n - subscriber radio access devices of the first communications operator’s network;

ISP 2 - the second telecom operator;

AS 64511 - second operator network (second communication network);

2.1-2.4 - nodes of the core level of the network of the second telecom operator;

2.5-2.7 - nodes of the aggregation level of the second telecom operator's network;

2.8-2.10 - nodes of the access level of the second telecom operator’s network;

2.11, 2.12, …, 2.n - subscriber radio access devices of the second communications operator’s network;

US 1 - the first communication node of the corporate information system;

US 2 is the second communication node of the corporate information system.

Implementation of the invention

The implementation of the method for managing traffic routing between networks of communication operators is demonstrated in the diagram of interaction of networks of communication operators (Fig. 1, 2), which is an indicative version of interaction.

The communication network AS 64496 (Fig. 1) of the first communication operator ISP 1 (Fig. 1) is connected via the connection point 1.2 (Fig. 1) and the traffic exchange point IXP (Fig. 1) to the communication network AS 64511 (Fig. 1) of the second communication operator ISP 2 (Fig. 1) via its connection point 2.1 (Fig. 1).

A router or L3 switch (for example, Cisco Nexus N3K-C3048-BA-L3) can act as connection points 1.2, 2.1 (Fig. 1) and traffic exchange point IXP (Fig. 1).

Let the throughput of the interconnection (“1.2-IXP-2.1”, Fig. 1) be 1 Gbit/s, and the peak load (average maximum intensity of the interconnection traffic) be 950 Mbit/s.

Access level routers (e.g. Cisco Catalyst 2960) can act as access nodes 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10 (Fig. 1). Let the access nodes form access networks with the following subnet prefixes (address spaces): 192.0.2.0/26, 192.0.2.64/26, 192.0.2.128/26, 203.0.113.0/26, 203.0.113.64/26, 203.0.113.128/26, respectively.

The factor of change of structure and volume of the flow of inter-network traffic can be the appearance of a new large user, for example, a corporate management system. The functioning of the corporate management system is provided by its corporate information system.

Corporate information system - a system for managing an enterprise (corporation) in which the processes of collecting, storing, processing, transforming, transmitting and updating information are carried out using modern computer technology and telecommunications [Systems Theory and Systems Analysis in Organization Management: Handbook: Textbook / Edited by V.N. Volkova and A.A. Emelyanov. - Moscow: Finance and Statistics, 2006. - 848 p.].

Let the corporate information system be represented by communication nodes US 1, US 2 (Fig. 1). The communication node of the corporate information system US 1 (Fig. 1) is connected to the communication network AS 64496 (Fig. 1) of the first communication operator ISP 1 (Fig. 1) through the access node 1.8 (Fig. 1), and the communication node of the corporate information system US 2 (Fig. 1) is connected to the communication network AS 64511 (Fig. 1) of the second communication operator ISP 2 (Fig. 1) through the access node 2.10 (Fig. 1). Information interaction of the communication nodes of the corporate information system changes (increases) the traffic intensity between the networks of communication operators, relative to the standard (planned) values.

Let the average traffic intensity between the nodes of the corporate information system be 100 Mbit/s. In this case (before the method is implemented), the traffic between the communication nodes of the corporate information system will pass along the route "US 1-1.8-1.7-1.4-1.2-IXP-2.1-2.3-2.5-2.10-US 2" (Fig. 1), thereby overloading the traffic exchange point IXP (Fig. 1) and reducing the quality of service to other consumers due to the loss of some packets from their incoming flow, the intensity of which exceeds the performance of the IXP (Fig. 1).

When implementing the method:

1. Perform packet sampling at multiple connection points of communication networks.

During a specified period of time, which is determined based on the period of fluctuations in the intensity of inter-network traffic (usually a day [Traffic statistics of the MSK-IXP traffic exchange point. URL: https://www.msk-ix.ru/traffic]), all incoming packets are selected.

The selection is performed by reading the headers of packets arriving at the traffic exchange point or network connection points (Fig. 2, IXP) and writing metainformation about these packets into a previously cleared database: destination addresses, receiving addresses and timestamps.

The collected information characterizes the process of inter-network interaction at the level of individual users.

2. Match the addresses of the selected packets with the prefixes of the subnets interacting through the connection points of the communication networks.

At the traffic exchange point, based on the information stored in the database and the data on the distribution of subnet prefixes (address space configuration), the source and destination addresses are matched with the prefixes of the subnets to which these addresses belong.

For example, the source addresses 192.0.2.10 and destination addresses 203.0.113.10 will be mapped to the subnet prefixes 192.0.2.0/26 and 203.0.113.0/26, respectively (Figure 2).

The information obtained characterizes the process of inter-network interaction at the subnet level.

3. Obtain summary data characterizing inter-network traffic flows.

At the traffic exchange point, based on information about the process of inter-network interaction at the subnet level, summary data are obtained that characterize the flows of inter-network traffic, namely the distribution of the intensity of inter-network traffic over time depending on the sending subnet and the destination subnet. The results can be presented in tabular form.

For example, data characterizing the flows of inter-network traffic between the networks AS 64496 and AS 64511 (Fig. 2) may have the form shown in Fig. 3, where column 1 indicates the prefixes of the sending subnets, column 2 indicates the destination subnets, columns 3-6 indicate the time intervals during the day, and the number of packets corresponding to these intervals; the last row indicates the generalized data for the entire network.

4. They search for an optimal location for an additional interconnection connection that corresponds to the changed volume and structure of inter-network traffic flows.

The search for the optimal location of an additional interconnection is carried out at the level of access nodes of the networks of telecom operators, taking into account their geographic proximity and can be carried out using known methods [Krylov V.V., Samokhvalova S.S. Theory of teletraffic and its applications. - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2005. - 288 p.; V.P. Soloviev, N.V. Pavlenko Method for selecting partner nodes in peer-to-peer data exchange taking into account network topology // Software products and systems // No. 1 (101), 2013 Tver pp. 135-140]. For which at least the following is performed.

Based on the known geographic coordinates of access nodes, the distance between all possible pairs of access nodes belonging to different networks of telecom operators is calculated. Formulas for calculating the distance between points on the ground specified in different coordinate systems are known and described in the relevant literature [Geodesist's Handbook: in 2 books. Books 1-3, revised and enlarged / edited by V.D. Bolshakov and G.P. Levchuk. - Moscow: Nedra, 1985, 455 p.].

Of all possible pairs of nodes, those are selected whose distance is less than the transmission range of the technology used on the subscriber radio access devices connected to these nodes.

Subscriber device - a technical means for generating telecommunication signals connected to subscriber lines (access nodes) for transmitting or receiving information specified by the subscriber via communication channels (telephone, fax, answering machine, modem, etc.). Subscriber radio access devices are distinguished by the presence of a radio interface (cellular phone, Wi-Fi access point, etc.) [Bogovik A.V., Zarubin M.A., Kerko V.A. Collection of terms in the field of information and network technologies. - St. Petersburg: VAS, 2009.- 116 p.].

For example, for IEEE 802.11b technology, the data transmission distance is up to 120 meters within line of sight, and for IEEE 802.11b technology - up to 30 meters [Infocommunication networks: encyclopedia. Volume 1: Infocommunication networks: classification, structure, architecture, life cycle, technologies / S. P. Vorobyov, A. E. Davydov, V. V. Efimov, V. I. Kurnosov; Ed. by S. P. Vorobyov. - 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. - St. Petersburg: Science-intensive technologies, 2019. - 739 p.].

For example, let the optimal location of the additional interconnection correspond to a pair of access nodes: 1.10 and 2.8 (Fig. 2).

5. From the optimally located access node of the first communications operator’s network, a command is sent to the subscriber radio access devices connected to it to form subchannels.

Wi-Fi access points (for example, CiscoSRP521W-U) can act as subscriber radio access devices 1.11-1. n and 2.11-2. n (Fig. 2), respectively connected to access nodes 1.10 and 2.8 (Fig. 2).

Let the subscriber radio access devices of the first network 1.11-1. n (Fig. 2) have addresses 192.0.2.129-192.0.2. n , and the subscriber radio access devices of the second network 2.11-2. n (Fig. 2) - 203.0.113.1-203.0.113. n , respectively.

The command to form a subchannel, consisting of a conditional combination of bits, is encapsulated in the body of a packet, which is sent to all subscriber radio access devices connected to the access node.

For example, the bit combination “01010101” can be selected as a command and sent in the body of a packet from access node 1.10 (Fig. 2) to all subscriber radio access devices 1.11-1. n (Fig. 2) at their addresses 192.0.2.129-192.0.2. n .

From here on, from a material point of view, sending (directing, transmitting) messages (commands, requests, announcements) is carried out by 1) generating an electrical (electromagnetic) analog signal corresponding to the digital representation of the transmitted information by transmitting modules of devices (access nodes, subscriber radio access devices, etc.), and 2) directing it through the propagation medium.

In this case, the digital representation of the transmitted information is a packet, the bit structure of which corresponds to the technology used on the network, with the payload (command, request, announcement, etc.) encapsulated in its body.

6. On subscriber radio access devices, upon receiving a command to form a subchannel, the radio airwaves are checked for the presence of service signals from subscriber radio access devices connected to the optimally located access node of the second communications operator’s network.

Subscriber radio access devices (in the example - Wi-Fi access points), which are in the active state, send signal frames (service signals) over the air at certain time intervals, containing information about their own functional capabilities, supported speeds, security policies and identifiers (BSSID, SSID) [Smirnova V.V., Proletarsky A.V. et al. Technologies of modern wireless Wi-Fi networks. / edited by A.V. Proletarsky. - M: Publishing House of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2017. - 446].

All actions related to the reception and transmission of radio signals are carried out by standard radio receiving and radio transmitting modules of subscriber radio access devices, which functionally consist of an antenna, an input circuit, an amplifier, a mixer, a heterodyne, a detector, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital-to-analog converter, amplifiers, a modulator, a generator, and an antenna, respectively.

The distinction between subscriber radio access devices and their belonging to different networks is carried out using the identifier (BSSID) located in the signal frames.

BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) is a unique identifier of the basic service set, which usually coincides with the MAC address of the device [Smirnova V.V., Proletarsky A.V. et al. Technologies of modern wireless Wi-Fi networks. / edited by A.V. Proletarsky. - M: Publishing house of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2017. - 446].

For example, let subscriber radio access device 1.11 (Fig. 2), after receiving a command on the radio, detect service signals from 4 subscriber radio access devices of the second communications operator’s network, the logical content and physical parameters of which are presented in Fig. 4.

7. From the subscriber radio access devices of the first communications operator's network, a request is sent to establish connections with the subscriber radio access devices of the second communications operator's network, which have the highest signal level.

A connection establishment request is sent, including a list of agreed parameters of the radio link (frequency, bandwidth, modulation, etc.) and the logical channel (speed, protocol, etc.), to the device address (BSSID identifier) whose service signal level is the highest.

For example, taking into account the signals found by the subscriber radio access device 1.11 (Fig. 2) (Fig. 4), a request to establish a connection at a speed of 18 Mbit/s is sent to the radio air at the MAC address AA:00:01:05:F3:B2 (the subscriber radio access device of the second network 2.11, Fig. 2) at a frequency of 2422 MHz.

9. Form subchannels between subscriber radio access devices of two communications operators.

Based on previously agreed parameters, subchannels are formed, which are point-to-point communication channels between subscriber radio access devices of two communication operators.

A subchannel can be formed based on WDS connection technology, which is established between access points with simultaneous agreement on a full list of necessary parameters, including the channel number and width (frequency), SSID, encryption algorithm, encryption keys and password phrases.

For example, let n subchannels be formed between the following pairs of subscriber devices 1.11-2.11 (Fig. 2), 1.12-2.12 (Fig. 2), …, 1. n -2. n (Fig. 2).

10. Messages about formed subchannels are sent from subscriber radio access devices to the access nodes to which they are connected.

Each subscriber radio access device informs the access node to which it is connected, for which purpose it sends a message containing data on the throughput of the formed subchannel and the identifiers of the radio access device with which the connection is established (its MAC address and IP address).

For example, subscriber radio access devices of the first network 1.11-1. n (Fig. 2) send a message to access node 1.10 (Fig. 2), and subscriber radio access devices of the second network 2.11-2. n (Fig. 2) send a message to access node 2.8 (Fig. 2).

11. Form a virtual communication channel between access nodes of communication operators’ networks based on the aggregation of formed subchannels.

Subchannels formed between subscriber radio access devices connect access nodes of communication operators' networks at the physical and channel levels. The formation of a single virtual communication channel at the network level is carried out using channel aggregation technology.

Channel aggregation is a technology that allows combining several physical channels into one logical one. Such unification allows increasing the channel capacity and reliability [Olifer V., Olifer N. Computer networks. Principles, technologies, protocols: Anniversary edition. - St. Petersburg: Piter, 2020. - 1008 p.].

The specific implementation of channel aggregation technology may vary (LACP, Ethernet trunk, NIC Teaming, Port Channel, etc.), however, in general it consists of monitoring the state of a group of aggregated channels (subchannels), assigning a logical channel to a group of aggregated channels (subchannels), and balancing the load transmitted over a virtual channel between the aggregated channels (subchannels).

The material formation of a virtual channel is carried out by 1) configuring access nodes by entering the corresponding commands through their interface, due to which parameters that predetermine their operating modes are recorded in the memory of the nodes, and 2) the functioning of the access nodes in accordance with the configured parameters.

For example, on access nodes 1.10 and 2.8 (Fig. 2), subchannel 1 (1.11-2.11, Fig. 2), subchannel 2 (1.12-2.12, Fig. 2), ... and subchannel n (1. n -2. n , Fig. 2) are aggregated, as a result of which virtual channel 1.10-2.8 is formed (Fig. 2).

12. Access nodes send announcements about the availability of subnets of another telecom operator’s network to their networks.

The emergence of an additional interconnection changes the physical structure of communication networks and opens up the possibility of interaction between users (flow of inter-network traffic) through a new communication channel.

For this reason, information about the availability of subnets of another telecom operator through a new additional connection point (access node) is distributed in the telecom operator’s network by sending availability announcements.

Distribution of availability information can be carried out using well-known dynamic routing protocols (BGP, RIP, IS-IS, OSPF, etc.).

For example, access node 1.10 (Fig. 2) sends advertisements to aggregation node 1.7 (Fig. 2) about the availability of at least subnets 203.0.113.0/26, 203.0.113.64/26 and 203.0.113.128/26, and access node 2.8 (Fig. 2) sends advertisements to aggregation node 2.5 (Fig. 2) about subnets 192.0.2.0/26, 192.0.2.64/26 and 192.0.2.128/26. In this case, the nodes that receive the advertisements send them to other nodes until the information is completely distributed throughout the entire network.

Thus, access node 1.8 (Fig. 2), to which US 1 (Fig. 2) is connected, becomes aware of the availability of subnet 203.0.113.128/26, to which the address of US 2 (Fig. 2) belongs, through connection point 1.10 (Fig. 2).

13. Rebuild the routes of inter-network traffic.

After the information about the appearance of an additional inter-network connection is distributed in the communication networks, new traffic routes are determined on each network node and the route-address tables are updated. After that, the flow of inter-network traffic is redistributed between the two inter-network connections.

For example, if the criterion for constructing routes is the minimum number of transit elements, then the route between US 1 and US 2 will be “US 1-1.8-1.7-1.10-2.8-2.5-2.10-US 2” (Fig. 2, highlighted in bold).

After which, the corporate management system traffic, which was not taken into account when designing the communication networks, will pass through the formed virtual channel (additional inter-network connection), thereby freeing up the overloaded IXP traffic exchange point (Fig. 2).

Evaluation of effectiveness

In addition to managing the routing of traffic between the networks of communication operators, the effect of using the method also consists in increasing the operational indicators of interacting communication networks, in particular the quality of the packet delivery process.

Efficiency ( ) method can be assessed by comparing the packet loss rates to ( ) and after ( ) application of the method:

Specific meaning depends on many variable factors (physical network structure, traffic intensity, quality of the interconnection, etc.).

The efficiency of the method was assessed in the AnyLogic modeling environment on a simulation model reflecting the situation in Fig. 1, 2. According to the modeling results, the efficiency was from 23 to 67%, depending on the distribution of the intensity of inter-network traffic over time.

Based on this, it follows that the declared method of managing traffic routing between networks of telecom operators allows the implementation of the declared process and the solution of the technical problem.

Claims (1)

A method for managing traffic routing between networks of communication operators, which consists in selecting IP packets in a plurality of connection points of communication networks, comparing the IP addresses of the selected packets with the prefixes of subnets interacting through the connection points of communication networks, on the basis of which summary data is obtained that characterize the flows of inter-network traffic, rebuilding the routes of inter-network traffic, characterized in that an optimal location of an additional inter-network connection corresponding to the changed volume and structure of inter-network traffic flows is searched for, a command to form subchannels is sent from an optimally located access node of the first communication operator's network to the subscriber radio access devices connected to it, on the subscriber radio access devices, upon receiving the command to form a subchannel, the radio air is checked on the airwaves for the presence of service signals from subscriber radio access devices connected to the optimally located access node of the second communication operator's network, a request is sent from the subscriber radio access devices of the first communication operator's network to establish connections with the subscriber radio access devices of the second communication operator's network, whose signal level the largest, from the subscriber devices of the radio access network of the second communication operator, upon receiving a request, they send a response about their readiness to form a subchannel, they form subchannels between the subscriber devices of the radio access of the two communication operators, from the subscriber devices of the radio access, they send messages about the formed subchannels to the access nodes to which they are connected, they form a virtual communication channel between the access nodes of the networks of the communication operators based on the aggregation of the formed subchannels, from the access nodes to their networks, they send announcements about the availability of subnets of the network of another communication operator.