RU2842775C1 - Open wagon body with unloading hatches in floor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: open wagon body with unloading hatches in floor includes side walls (1) with lower side sills (2), frame (3) with intermediate beams (4). Upper sheet of intermediate beam has ends (8) and is rigidly fixed to lower side sill of side wall by means of reinforcing pad (9), large end (10) rigidly fixed to side wall lower side sill, and by small end (11) to intermediate beam upper sheet upper surface (12). Upper sheets of intermediate beams are made of rolled steel with thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm with yield point of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. Sidewall lower side sill is made of angle-piece with flange thickness exceeding 7.5 mm and smaller than 9.4 mm from rolled steel with yield point exceeding 390 MPa and lower than 750 MPa. Reinforcing strap is made of rolled steel sheet with thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm with yield point of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. Between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the end of the lower side sill of the side wall there is a gap of not less than 8 mm and not more than 13 mm. Distance between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the small end of the reinforcing pad is in range of 79 mm to 99 mm.

EFFECT: invention increases operational reliability in combination with increased strength characteristics of the wagon body.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to railway transport, to the design of the body of a universal railway gondola car with unloading hatches in the floor, in particular, to the design of the connection unit of the side wall with the cross beams of the body frame.

The prior art discloses a design for a frame and side wall connection unit for a gondola car [RU Patent for Utility Model No. 183698, published on 10.06.2007, Bulletin No. 16], comprising a frame crossbeam, a side wall lower trim, and a compensating plate. The compensating plate is made with an upper shelf, side walls, and lower shelves, having a trapezoidal shape in plan with a smaller and larger base for connection with the frame crossbeam and with the side wall lower trim, respectively. At the same time, the compensating plate is made with an increase in its height in the direction of the larger base, as well as with a width (h1) of the smaller base in the range from 100 mm to 500 mm and with a ratio of the width (h1) to the width (h2) of the larger base in the range of 0.25 < h1/h2 < 0.75.

The disadvantage of the above-mentioned design of the frame and side wall connection unit of the gondola car is that only the width of the compensating plate is defined in the unit; however, in order to ensure the strength characteristics of the body, as well as to ensure a smooth transition from horizontal loads to vertical loads experienced by the gondola car body, it is necessary to determine the thickness of the compensating plate and its length, as well as the length of the overlap of the compensating plate on the upper sheet of the cross beam and on the shelf of the lower trim of the side wall.

A design of a universal four-axle gondola car with covers in the floor, model 12-753, is known [I.F. Pastukhov, V.V. Lukin, N.I. Zhukov, “Cars,” Moscow, Transport, 1988, pp. 176-178, and also pp. 142-143], comprising a body with side and end walls and a frame with installed unloading hatch covers. The frame is formed by a backbone, two end, two kingpin and four intermediate cross beams. The intermediate cross beams are welded, I-section, and consist of a vertical sheet (wall) 7 mm thick, an upper corrugated sheet (upper shelf) 8 mm thick and a lower smooth sheet (lower shelf) 12 mm thick. The kingpin beams are of a closed box section, welded from two vertical sheets 8 mm thick, an upper sheet with a convex corrugation 10 mm thick and a lower smooth sheet 12 mm thick. The side wall is all-metal, consisting of a frame and corrugated sheets. The side wall frame is welded from two corner and six intermediate posts connected by upper and lower strapping. The lower strapping is made of rolled angle 160x100x10 mm in size. To give the necessary strength to the connection of the intermediate posts with the cross beams of the frame, they are reinforced with overlays.

Low-alloy steel grades 09G2D, 09G2SD and 10KhNDP, which have increased corrosion resistance, are used for the gondola car body. Steel grades 09G2D (yield strength 310 MPa) and 09G2SD (yield strength 310 MPa) are used to manufacture frames and reinforcing elements of the walls.

This design was chosen as a prototype for the claimed utility model.

The disadvantage of this gondola car design is the low strength characteristics of the body, which necessitates the use of increased thicknesses of rolled steel, which leads to an increase in material consumption and a decrease in the load capacity of the gondola car, which increases the tare weight of the gondola car.

The technical problem is that the low strength qualities of the material and the design of the connection unit of the intermediate frame beam with the lower trim of the side wall lead to a decrease in operational reliability and an increase in the tare weight.

The task that the invention is aimed at solving is the creation of a gondola car body structure with unloading hatches in the floor, which has increased operational reliability, in particular the connection unit of the intermediate frame beam with the lower trim of the side wall.

The task is solved due to the fact that the upper sheets of the intermediate beams are made of rolled steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm, with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. The lower strapping of the side wall is made of an angle with a flange thickness of more than 7.5 mm and less than 9.4 mm made of rolled steel with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. The reinforcing plate is made of sheet steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. In addition, between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the lower strapping of the side wall, a gap of at least 8 mm and no more than 13 mm is made, and the reinforcing plate is installed on the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam so that the distance between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the small end of the reinforcing plate is in the range from 79 mm to 99 mm.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the body of a gondola car with unloading hatches in the floor includes side walls with lower strapping, as well as a frame with intermediate beams consisting of an upper, lower, vertical sheet, wherein the upper sheet with the ends of each intermediate beam is rigidly fixed to the lower strapping of the side wall, by means of a reinforcing plate, which is rigidly fixed with its large end to the lower strapping of the side wall, and with its small end to the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam, also the upper sheets of the intermediate beams are made of rolled steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm, with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, the lower strapping of the side wall is made of an angle with a flange thickness of more than 7.5 mm and less than 9.4 mm from rolled steel with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, and the reinforcing plate is made of sheet steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, wherein between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the lower strapping of the side wall there is a gap of at least 8 mm and no more than 13 mm, at the same time, the reinforcing plate is installed on the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam so that the distance between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the small end of the reinforcing plate is in the range from 79 mm to 99 mm.

The lower trim of the side wall is made of hot-rolled angle section.

The essence of the claimed invention is explained by the drawings:

Fig. 1 – Body with unloading hatches in the floor (general view);

Fig. 2 – Connection unit of the side wall with the intermediate beam of the frame;

Fig. 3 – Equivalent stresses of the connection node of the side wall with the intermediate beam of the frame.

The body of a gondola car with unloading hatches in the floor includes side walls 1 with lower strapping 2, as well as a frame 3 with intermediate beams 4. Each intermediate beam 4 consists of an upper 5, lower 6, vertical 7 sheet. The upper sheet 5 of the intermediate beam has ends 8, wherein the upper sheet 5 is rigidly fixed to the lower strapping 2 of the side wall 1, by means of a reinforcing plate 9. The reinforcing plate 9 with its large end 10 is rigidly fixed to the lower strapping 2 of the side wall 1, and with its small end 11 to the upper surface 12 of the upper sheet 5 of the intermediate beam 4.

The upper sheets 5 of the intermediate beams 4 are made of rolled steel with a thickness (S1) of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm, with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. The lower strapping 2 of the side wall 1 is made of an angle with a flange thickness (S3) of more than 7.5 mm and less than 9.4 mm, made of rolled steel with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa. The reinforcing plate 9 is made of sheet steel with a thickness (S2) of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm, with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa.

At the same time, between the end 8 of the upper sheet 5 of the intermediate beam 4 and the lower trim 2 of the side wall 1, a gap of at least 8 mm is made and

no more than 13 mm. The reinforcing plate 9 is installed on the upper surface 12 of the upper sheet 5 of the intermediate beam 4 so that the distance between the end 8 of the upper sheet 5 of the intermediate beam 4 and the small end 11 of the reinforcing plate 9 is in the range from 79 mm to 99 mm

The lower trim 2 of the side wall 1 is made of hot-rolled angle section.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in the fact that the upper sheets of the intermediate beams are made of rolled steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm, with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, the lower strapping of the side wall is made of an angle with a flange thickness of more than 7.5 mm and less than 9.4 mm made of rolled steel with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, the reinforcing plate is made of sheet rolled steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, a gap of at least 8 mm and no more than 13 mm is made between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the lower strapping of the side wall, the reinforcing plate is installed on the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam so that the distance between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the small end of the reinforcing plate ranges from 79 mm to 99 mm, provides increased operational reliability due to the inclusion in the body structure, in particular in the structure of intermediate beams, of materials with increased strength characteristics, a certain thickness and gap sizes and the imposition of structural elements that, in the event of corrosion damage to the body during operation, allow the structure to maintain resistance to the loads experienced for the entire service life of 32 years.

The preservation of the strength of the gondola car body is confirmed by the strength calculation, which was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Standards for the calculation and design of cars of the railways of the Ministry of Railways with a gauge of 1520 mm (non-self-propelled)" and GOST 33211-2014 "Freight cars. Requirements for strength and dynamic qualities". The stress state of the gondola car body was assessed based on the finite element method (FEM) in the finite element package ANSYS Workbench.

The zones with the highest load for the considered design mode were selected as the zones for measuring the equivalent stress values. The calculation shows that with the proposed design of the connection unit of the intermediate frame beam with the lower strapping of the side wall, the unit has a large safety margin. When using rolled metal with a yield strength of at least 390 MPa, the permissible stresses in the structure will be 370.5 MPa, thus, based on the selected thicknesses and the maximum value in the proposed design of 280.21 MPa, the safety margin is 24.3%, which ensures an increase in the operational reliability of the body. With an increase in the yield strength of the rolled metal used over 390 MPa, the safety margin of the body will also increase accordingly.

It is possible to reduce the thickness of the structural elements and increase the yield strength to at least 390 MPa, but not more than 750 MPa, which in turn will reduce the weight of the rolled metal used, ensuring a reduction in the weight of the gondola car body with unloading hatches to 256 kg.

At present, design documentation has been developed for the claimed invention and comprehensive testing of prototypes is being conducted.

Claims (2)

1. A gondola car body with unloading hatches in the floor, including side walls with lower strapping, as well as a frame with intermediate beams consisting of an upper, lower, vertical sheet, wherein the upper sheet with the ends of each intermediate beam is rigidly fixed to the lower strapping of the side wall by means of a reinforcing plate, which is rigidly fixed with its large end to the lower strapping of the side wall, and with its small end to the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam, characterized in that the upper sheets of the intermediate beams are made of rolled steel with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 7.5 mm with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, the lower strapping of the side wall is made of an angle with a flange thickness of more than 7.5 mm and less than 9.4 mm from rolled steel with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, and the reinforcing plate is made of sheet steel rolled products with a thickness of more than 5.5 mm and less than 9.2 mm with a yield strength of more than 390 MPa and less than 750 MPa, wherein between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the end of the lower strapping of the side wall there is a gap of at least 8 mm and no more than 13 mm, together with this, the reinforcing plate is installed on the upper surface of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam so that the distance between the end of the upper sheet of the intermediate beam and the small end of the reinforcing plate is in the range from 79 mm to 99 mm. 2. A gondola car body with unloading hatches in the floor according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the lower trim of the side wall is made of hot-rolled angle section.