RU2715940C1 - Firing method from bmd-4m in external target designation mode and fire control system for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons and military equipment systems, in particular, to infantry combat vehicles (CV) weapons complexes, landing gear, tanks, armored personnel carriers etc. Fire control system includes ballistic computer (1) with system of input information sensors (8), which includes an azimuth sensor, weapon stabilizer (2), control unit (3), optic-television sight of gunner (5), as well as an imaging and telemetry machine (4) for tracking targets, a commander's panel (6) and an operator's panel (7), a coordinate measurement system (11), which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter, a commander's seat, which includes series-connected keyboards control unit (9) and video surveillance device of commander (10). First inputs and first outputs of the opto-television sight of gunner (5), the television and thermal imaging machine (4) for tracking targets, control unit (3), stabilizer (2), ballistic computer (1), command panel (6) and operator panel (7) are connected to a digital communication channel. Fourth input and the fourth output of control unit (3) are connected to the second output and the second input of the television and thermal automatic device (4) for tracking targets. Second output of the optical-television sight of gunner (5) is connected to the fourth input of weapon stabilizer (2), the third input of which is connected to the second output of operator panel (7). Coordinate measurement system (11) is connected to fifth input of control unit (3). Third output of control unit (3) is connected to first input of video surveillance device of commander (10), output of which is connected to control panel (9), second output of which is connected to third input of control unit (3). In addition, there is a control and communication (12) reconnaissance complex implemented as a mobile computer, the first inputs and outputs of which are connected through a communication system receiver-transmitter (13) to other control and communication intelligence complexes participating in the fire task solving, and with control and communication systems for control and communication systems of mobile or stationary command stations, and second inputs and outputs are connected through an adapter to a digital communication channel. Also disclosed is a method of firing CV using a fire control system.

EFFECT: reduced time for preparation and firing of CV from firing positions on targets located in visibility zone of optical means of CV, and out of visibility zones, as well as reduction of probability of errors introduction by operators and commanders of CV during preparation and firing of CV on firing positions.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons and military equipment, in particular to weapon systems of combat vehicles (BM) such as infantry fighting vehicles (BMPs), tanks, armored personnel carriers (BTR), airborne combat vehicles (BMDs), etc.

A known method of firing from closed positions on an unobservable target (V.S. Kuznetsov, G.F. Platonov, M.A. Svistunov. Shooting from closed positions. Edited by Major General of the Artillery S.S. Volkenstein. Edition of the Military Order Lenin Academy of Armored Forces named after I.V. Stalin, M., 1958, p. 23.).

The above method detects and recognizes targets, determines the topographic coordinates and the height of the firing position of the BM with a gun mounted on it above sea level, selects the main direction of fire, obtains the topographic coordinates of the target and determines its height above sea level, selects the type of projectile, introduces corrections for deviation shooting conditions from tabular, to derivation and, if necessary, adjusting the aiming angle to the elevation angle of the target, assign the initial shooting settings based on the calculated data and work out their relatively preselected main direction is performed by the shooting target.

The disadvantage of the above method is the long time to perform the necessary calculations and operations to aim the guns.

A known method of firing at targets implemented in a BMP-3 combat vehicle (Armored vehicles. Publ. Popurri, Minsk, 2000, pp. 185-190).

According to the above method, targets are detected and recognized using a gunner’s optical sight electrically connected with a weapon, the main direction of fire is selected, computational operations are carried out using a control unit and ballistic computer with an input information sensor system including a laser range finder, weapon corrections are worked out, shooting is performed, on purpose.

The disadvantages of the above method are the long time for detecting and recognizing targets, the inability to automatically (therefore, with minimal time) aiming weapons at targets whose coordinates are known in advance (for example, from intelligence from modern detection tools, from unmanned aerial vehicles, from satellite means) .

A known method of firing, implemented in the weapon system of a combat vehicle (RU, patent for invention No. 2351876. The weapon system of a combat vehicle, priority No. 2007124061 from 06/26/2007, Bull. No. 10 from 04/10/2009).

Using the above method, the target is detected and recognized, the topographic coordinates and the height of the firing position of the BM, with the gun mounted on it, are determined above sea level, the main direction of fire is selected, the topographic coordinates of the target are obtained and its height above sea level is determined, the type of projectile is selected, amendments are introduced deviation of firing conditions from tabular, to derivation and, if necessary, correction of the aiming angle to the elevation angle of the target, assign the initial shooting settings and practice based on the calculated data are preselected relative to their main direction, perform firing at a target.

The disadvantages of the above method are a lot of time for the detection and recognition of targets, the impossibility of automated (therefore, with minimal time) the introduction of the coordinates of the target, in cases where the coordinates of the targets are known in advance (for example, according to intelligence from modern detection tools, from unmanned aerial vehicles, from satellite means).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of firing a combat vehicle from closed positions at an unobservable target (RU, patent for invention No. 2444693. A method of firing a combat vehicle from closed positions at an unobservable target and fire control system for its implementation, priority No. 2010100521 from 01/11/2010, Bull. No. 7 dated 07/20/2011) and adopted as a prototype.

By the known method, by equivalence, targets are detected and recognized, topographic coordinates and the height of the firing position of the combat vehicle with a gun mounted above it are determined, the main direction of fire is selected, when firing from closed positions at an unobserved target, topographic coordinates of the target and its height are obtained above sea level, choose the type of projectile, introduce corrections for deviation of the shooting conditions from the table, for derivation and, if necessary, adjust the aiming angle to the elevation angle of the target, appoint and based on the calculated data, the initial shooting settings and practice them relative to the preselected main direction, the computational operations are carried out using the control unit and ballistic computer, the coordinates of the combat vehicle are determined automatically using the coordinate measurement system or manually enter them into the control unit, then they control incoming from automatic sensors, weather data, target coordinates and enter them into the control unit, the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle about they are divided relative to a preselected main horizontal direction, determined taking into account the coordinates previously entered into the control unit, or relative to the north-south direction using the azimuth sensor, and introduced into the control unit, determine the required angle of rotation of the line of sight to the target horizontally and on the elevation angle of the target due to the difference in the heights of the location of the machine and the target, determine using the ballistic computer the mismatch of the position of the line of sight of the gunner’s sight relative relative to the horizon plane, having previously determined the position using the roll sensor, the required vertical mismatch value is transmitted via the communication channel from the ballistic computer to the control unit, then it is transmitted from the control unit to the automatic optic-tele-thermal imaging system, with the help of which a mirror control signal is generated in the vertical guidance channel , thereby moving the mirror of the gunner’s sight vertically in the direction of reducing the mismatch a, when firing from closed positions for an unobservable target, they provide tracking of the sighting line of the gunner’s sight beyond the horizon, take the value of the tower’s turning angle relative to the axis of the tower through the information exchange channel from the tower’s rotation sensor, calculate the mismatch between the tower’s horizontal position and the direction to the target, which is transmitted to the automatic optical telephoto imaging system by means of which a mirror control signal is generated in the horizontal guidance channel, thus leading to the movement of the optical the gunner’s levizational sight horizontally in the direction of reducing the mismatch, and work out with an error of no more than a given mismatch of the guns relative to the line of sight along the vertical and horizontal channels, calculated in the control unit, when firing from closed positions at an unobserved target, the range to the target is transferred to the ballistic calculator code of the distance to the target, where they determine the angles of aiming and anticipation by vertical and horizontal guidance, taking into account amendments to the shooting conditions, about ops correction stabilizer arms, formed by a ballistic computer permission command shot and transmit it over a channel of information exchange in the remote operator where prepare electric trigger circuit and perform shooting at a target

The disadvantage of this method is the consistent implementation of external target designation (if necessary, to fire at several targets), which leads to an additional (unproductive, and in most cases dangerous) increase in the time of preparation and conduct of firing at a firing position. In addition, the target coordinates must be entered manually on the remote control in the fire control system (according to the data transmitted via voice communication channels), which increases the likelihood of errors by operators.

The technical problem to which the proposed method is aimed is to reduce the time for preparing and conducting firing combat vehicles at firing positions, as well as reducing the likelihood of errors by operators and commanders of BM during the preparation and conduct of firing combat vehicles at firing positions.

The technical task of the proposed method of firing a combat vehicle is solved by detecting and recognizing targets, determining the topographic coordinates and the firing position of the fighting vehicle with a gun mounted on it above sea level, choosing the main direction of fire, when firing from closed positions at an unobserved target, they get topographic coordinates targets and determine its height above sea level, choose the type of projectile, introduce corrections for deviation of the shooting conditions from the table, for the derivation and, if necessary - correction ki of the aiming angle to the elevation angle of the target, assign the initial shooting settings based on the calculated data and work them out relative to the previously selected main direction, the difference is that the computing operations are carried out using the control unit and the ballistic computer, the coordinates of the combat vehicle are automatically determined using the system measurement of coordinates or enter them into the control unit manually, then control the meteorological data received from automatic sensors, the coordinates of the target and they are led to the control unit, the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle is determined relative to a preselected main direction along the horizon, determined taking into account the coordinates of the landmark previously entered into the control unit, or relative to the north-south direction using the azimuth sensor, and entered into the control unit , determine the required angle of rotation of the line of sight on the target horizontally and on the elevation angle of the target due to the difference in elevation of the machine and the target, determine using ballistic of the numerator, the mismatch in the position of the sighting line of the gunner’s sight relative to the horizon plane, having previously determined the position using the roll sensor, transmit the required vertical mismatch from the ballistic computer to the control unit via the communication channel, then it is transmitted from the control unit to the automatic optical camera and thermal imaging system, with the help of which the mirror control signal in the vertical guidance channel, thereby moving the mirror of the gunner’s sight vertically in a hundred to reduce the mismatch a, when firing from closed positions on an unobserved target, they provide tracking of the sighting line of the gunner’s sight behind the horizon line, take the value of the tower’s rotation angle relative to the machine axis through the information exchange channel from the tower rotation sensor, calculate the mismatch between the horizontal position of the tower and direction to the target, which is issued to the automatic optic-tele-thermal imaging system, with the help of which a mirror control signal is generated in channel g horizontal guidance, thus leading to the mirror’s movement of the optical-television sight of the gunner along the horizon in the direction of decreasing the mismatch, and working out with an error of no more than a given mismatch of the gun relative to the line of sight along the vertical and horizontal channels, calculated in the control unit, when firing from closed positions for an unobservable target, range to the target, transmit to the ballistic computer the code of the range to the target, where they determine the angles of aiming and lead in vertical horizontal and horizontal guidance, taking into account amendments to the firing conditions, work out the corrections with the weapon stabilizer, form a firing resolution command with the help of a ballistic computer and transmit it via the information exchange channel to the operator’s console, where they prepare electric launch chains and shoot at the target, while firing from open positions on the observed target, before transmitting to the ballistic computer the code of the range to the target, the range to the target is determined using a laser range finder, with its help, in the absence of previously known target coordinates, the target coordinates are calculated, in addition, when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, in the absence of a predetermined landmark with known coordinates, an interacting second combat vehicle is used as a landmark with known coordinates, also equipped with means of automatic determination of the coordinates of the combat vehicle or choose a point as such a reference point when extending the combat vehicle to the firing position, with Waiting for which its coordinates are measured and stored using means for determining the coordinates of a combat vehicle, or a visible fixed target is chosen as such a reference, the coordinates of which are transmitted to the combat vehicle as intelligence.

Additionally, in cases where for one reason or another there are no landmarks necessary for determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the BM with topographic coordinates known in advance (or, for example, are outside the line of sight for BM optical instruments) and to reduce the preparation time for firing under these conditions :

- when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle using an interacting second combat vehicle, place combat vehicles at firing positions distant from each other at a range sufficient to ensure the required accuracy in determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, and to determine the position of the longitudinal axes of combat vehicles in series or at the same time interacting combat vehicles mutually direct optical-television sights, use laser rangefinders and determine the azimuth Tel'nykh initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle and the actual range and transmit channel transmit digital data between communicating coordinates combat vehicles armored on firing positions;

- when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle using an additional point on the extension path of the combat vehicle to the firing position, such a point is selected at a distance from the planned firing position, sufficient to ensure the required accuracy of determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, and after extending the fighting vehicle The optical-television sight is aimed at the firing position at an additional point, a laser range finder is used, the actual range, azimuth are determined and the coordinates are used points recorded during the extension of the combat vehicle to the firing position, and azimuthal measurement to the point made at the firing position, to determine the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle.

Also additionally, to further reduce the time for solving fire tasks with military vehicles:

- in the automated fire control system of a combat vehicle, several targets are fixed with their coordinates, and after firing at the target, the coordinates of the next target are entered in accordance with its priority and the automatic preparation cycle for firing and firing for the next target is performed;

- with the participation of several combat vehicles in solving a fire mission, a list of targets with coordinates is transmitted to all combat vehicles, and their priorities in each automated fire control system of a combat vehicle indicate the distribution of targets among combat vehicles, and according to the results of firing at targets, priorities are changed if necessary, what is the operational redistribution of targets on combat vehicles.

A well-known fire control system, presented in the BM weapons complex (RU, patent for invention No. 2351876. Combat vehicle weapons complex, priority No. 2007124061 from 06/26/2007, Bull. No. 10 from 04/10/2009).

The BM weapons complex mentioned above includes, by equivalence, a ballistic computer with an input information sensor system, which includes an azimuth sensor, an weapon stabilizer, a control unit, an optical-television gunner’s sight, as well as a tele-thermal target tracking machine, a commander’s console and an operator’s console, coordinate measurement system, which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter, as well as a commander’s position, including a control panel connected in series and the inspection device of the commander, the first entrances and the first exits of the optic-television sight of the gunner, tele-telescopic target tracking automaton, control unit, stabilizer, ballistic computer, commander’s console and operator’s console are connected to a digital communication channel, the fourth input and fourth output of the control unit are connected respectively to the second output and the second input of the tele-teplovisovannogo target tracking machine, the second output of the optical-television sight of the gunner is connected to the fourth input weapons stabilizer, the third input of which is connected to the second output of the operator’s console.

The disadvantage of the aforementioned weapons complex is the long time to solve the complex fire problem. In conditions of increasing the transience and dynamism of modern combat, with the development of reconnaissance equipment, including space-based, automatic data transmission, it is inefficient to spend time waiting for artillery support units. Improving the combat power of the BM’s armament allows entrusting the solution of an additional number of tasks to the BM and, in particular, destroying targets with known coordinates (according to intelligence), at a greater distance (than was previously inherent for the BM), including from closed combat positions.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fire control system (RU, patent for the invention No. 2444693. A method of firing a combat vehicle from closed positions on an unobserved target and a fire control system for its implementation, priority No. 201001521 from 01/11/2010, Bull. No. 7 from 07/20/2011).

In the known system, by equivalence, a ballistic computer with a system of input information sensors is included, which includes an azimuth sensor, an arms stabilizer, a control unit, an optical-television gunner’s sight, as well as a tele-telescopic target tracking machine, a commander’s console and an operator’s console, a measurement system coordinates, which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter, as well as a commander’s position, including a control panel and a video viewing device connected in series the commander’s position, the first entrances and the first exits of the optical-television sight of the gunner, tele-teplovisov machine of target tracking, control unit, stabilizer, ballistic computer, the commander’s console and the operator’s console are connected to the digital communication channel, the fourth input and fourth output of the control unit are connected respectively to the second the output and the second input of the telethermovision target tracking automaton, the second output of the optical-television gunner’s sight is connected to the fourth input of the thief stabilizer a third input of which is connected to the second output of the operator’s console, a coordinate measuring system is connected to the fifth input of the control unit, the third output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the commander’s video viewing device, the output of which is connected to the control panel, the second output of which is connected to the third input of the control unit .

A disadvantage of the known fire control system is a long time for solving a complex fire problem. Under the conditions of increasing the speed and dynamism of modern combat, with the development of reconnaissance means, including space-based ones, automatic data transfer means, it is inefficient to waste time when BM is at a firing position by calculating a large number of manual operations that drag out the execution time of a fire mission, increase the probability of erroneous actions of calculation numbers and increase the risks of BM at a firing position.

The technical problem to which the proposed fire control system is aimed is to reduce the time for preparing and firing combat vehicles from firing positions at targets located both in the visibility range of BM optical equipment and out of sight, as well as to reduce the likelihood of errors by operators and BM commanders in the preparation and conduct of firing combat vehicles at firing positions.

The technical problem is solved by the fact that the proposed fire control system includes a ballistic computer with an input information sensor system, which includes an azimuth sensor, an weapon stabilizer, a control unit, an optical-television gunner’s sight, as well as a tele-telescopic target tracking machine, a commander’s console and an operator’s console , a coordinate measurement system, which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter, as well as a commander’s position, including a console connected in series control and video viewing device of the commander, with the first inputs and the first outputs of the optical-television sight of the gunner, tele-teplovizovaya automatic target tracking, control unit, stabilizer, ballistic computer, the commander’s console and the operator’s console are connected to a digital communication channel, the fourth input and fourth output of the control unit are connected respectively, with the second output and the second input of the tele-teplovisovanny target tracking machine, the second output of the optical-television sight of the gunner is connected to the vertical input of the weapon stabilizer, the third input of which is connected to the second output of the operator’s console, the coordinate measurement system is connected to the fifth input of the control unit, the third output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the video surveillance device of the commander, the output of which is connected to the control panel, the second output of which is connected to the third an input control unit, while an additional control and communication intelligence complex is implemented in it, implemented as a mobile type computer, the first inputs and outputs of which are connected s through the receiver-transmitter of the communication system with the intelligence reconnaissance and communication systems of other combat vehicles involved in the solution of the fire task, and the intelligence reconnaissance and communication systems of mobile or stationary command posts, and the second inputs and outputs are connected via an adapter to a digital communication channel.

The proposed group of inventions is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. A block diagram of the proposed BM fire control system is presented. The numbered inputs and outputs of the system components are additionally marked on the diagram (with the numbers of outputs placed in circles).

The fire control system contains:

- ballistic computer 1, with a system of input information sensors (in Fig. 1, fire control system sensors 8), which includes an azimuth sensor, BM roll, etc.

- arms stabilizer 2 (in Fig. 1, the arms block is also conventionally designated, the position of which is controlled by the stabilizer 2 in azimuth and elevation; the control panels, vertical and horizontal pointing motors, and position sensors of the arms block are not shown in the diagram) aggregates providing high-precision guidance to the target of an arms block);

- control unit 3;

- an automatic tracking device for tele-thermal imaging 4;

- optical-television sight of the gunner (on the diagram - gunner’s sight) 5;

- remote commander 6;

- operator console 7;

- sensors of the fire control system 8;

- commander control panel 9;

- video inspection device of the commander 10 (together with the remote control 9 forms the commander's place for video surveillance of the situation and performing certain actions based on the results of the review);

- coordinate measurement system 11, which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter (when working as a subscriber to a satellite navigation system, block 4 provides BM coordinates).

The above-mentioned components of the system by equivalence completely repeat all the main features of the prototype, fully realize the interface and technical capabilities of the well-known BM fire control system (for example, implemented in BMD-4).

Unlike the well-known fire control system, the proposed system additionally includes:

- complex intelligence, management and communications 12;

- receiver-transmitter of the communication system 13;

- adapter 14;

In a first approximation, the basis of these components can be implemented from the individual components of the existing intelligence, control and communications complex (KRUS) Sagittarius, for example, a laptop (PKK) as block 12, a radio station (R-438-M) as a receiver transmitter 13. The adapter 14 is designed for docking with a digital channel and for transmitting digital data to a digital channel with the RS-485 format.

The inclusion of additional tools expands the interface and technical capabilities of the BM fire control system.

The determining factor in increasing the technical level of BM is the transition with external target designation to the transmission of digital data. When transmitting data on the topographic coordinates of the target in digital format through the receiver-transmitter of the communication system 13 to the intelligence, control and communications complex 12, it is enough to select the target data on the PAC touch screen and transfer it from the pop-up menu on a regular computer with the following action (equivalent to choosing the option) unit 12 through the adapter 14, these coordinates to the consoles (gunner, commander), to the ballistic computer 2, to the control unit 3. No need to enter the topographic coordinates of the target on one of the BM consoles okraschaet preparing to fire and reduces the risk of potential data entry errors. The use of automated calculation of the necessary corrections and automated guidance of a weapon block, with a low risk of errors in manual data entry, with an increase in the accuracy of automated guidance compared to manual, significantly increases the accuracy of shooting. The guidance time is also reduced. Automated guidance is used both for firing from closed positions (both in a known system) and for visible targets (in contrast to a known system).

The transmission of digital data for several purposes with the indication of their priorities to the BM or to the BM group allows to develop this advantage and organize a coordinated and time-saving solution of the fire task (03) both for targets in the visibility zone and from closed positions (see paragraph 4 and claim 5 of the claims).

One of the problems that impede the full use of the capabilities of the well-known BM fire control system is, in some cases, the lack of satisfactory landmarks with known and sufficiently accurate topographic coordinates. Such landmarks are necessary for accurate determination of the position of the longitudinal axis of the BM (correction of data on the position of the longitudinal axis) at the firing position, which is necessary for automated high-precision guidance of weapons on the target. The well-known use of azimuth sensors in BMs is not entirely satisfactory for two reasons: large errors of such sensors (exceeding the requirements for ensuring high-precision pointing of weapons); the errors of autonomous azimuth sensors during long-term movement of the BM accumulate.

In this group of inventions for additional features to clarify the position of the longitudinal axis, it is proposed:

the use of an interacting BM (the second group of signs in the distinctive part of the first paragraph of the formula is “... in addition, when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, in the absence of a predetermined reference point with known coordinates, an interacting second combat vehicle is used as a reference point with known coordinates, also equipped with means for automatically determining the coordinates of a combat vehicle ... ”and the second paragraph of the formula);

the use of an additional landmark selected and with measured coordinates during the advancement of the BM to the firing position (the third group of signs in the distinguishing part of the first paragraph of the formula is “... or choose a point as such a landmark when extending the combat vehicle to the firing position, during which it is measured and stored its coordinates using means of determining the coordinates of a combat vehicle ... ”and the third paragraph of the formula);

use as a guideline one of the fixed targets with known coordinates (the fourth group of signs in the distinguishing part of the first paragraph of the formula is “... or choose a visible fixed target, the coordinates of which are transmitted to the combat vehicle as intelligence, as such a guideline”).

All the features of the known fire control system are realized in the proposed system.

Unlike the known system, when a BM is advanced to a firing position, in the case when one of the BMs will be used as a guideline by the decision of the commander, when the BMs reach the selected reference position, the following actions are performed:

in BM (landmark) using the coordinate measurement system 11 measure the topographic coordinates of the BM landmark; coordinates obtained through a digital communication channel, adapter 14, intelligence, control and communication complex 12, transmitter-receiver of the communication system 13, over the air, through the receiver-transmitter of the communication system 13, intelligence, control and communication complex 12, adapter 14 through the digital communication channel BM at the firing position are transmitted to the control unit 3, ballistic computer 1 BM (at the firing position); in BM (at a firing position) topographic coordinates are also measured and in the reverse order also transmitted to a BM landmark;

upon receipt of BM coordinates (landmark) in the BM (at the firing position) in accordance with the specified coordinates, own coordinates, preliminary azimuth of the longitudinal axis of the BM, according to the data from the sensors 8 (from the azimuth sensor), using the control unit 3, a video viewing device of commander 10 is directed to the BM (reference point); adjust the position of the video viewing device 10, calculate and fix the real azimuth between the combat vehicles; the difference between the real and preliminary azimuths is specified by the BM longitudinal axis (at the firing position); the calculated real azimuth (with a corresponding change in them, equivalent to a 180 ° difference in azimuths “BM (at the firing position) → BM (landmark)” and “BM (the landmark) → BM (at the firing position)” or transmit to the BM (landmark) for refinement of its longitudinal axis (in this case, on a BM-landmark, similar steps are taken to bring the device 10 to the BM at a firing position, determine the azimuth corresponding to the preliminary azimuth of its longitudinal axis is carried out on the BM-landmark control system) or carried out autonomously (according to the available coordinates of the BM itself and interactions Leica Geosystems BM and the calculation of the real azimuth "BM (landmark) → BM (on the firing position)", by the difference of azimuths and adjust the data on the situation of the longitudinal axis of the BM.

When solving the emergency situation of one BM, when extending the BM to the firing position, select an additional reference point (pillar, tower, construction angle, etc.) along the extension, make a short stop as close as possible to a potential reference point using the coordinate measurement system 11 determine the coordinates of the landmark, remember these coordinates; when the firing position is reached, the commander 10 video viewing device is guided by an additionally selected landmark according to preliminary data of the BM longitudinal axis and the stored coordinates of the additional landmark, the position of the commander 10 video viewing device is adjusted (the sight selector is adjusted to an additional landmark), the azimuth is calculated and stored according to the preliminary longitudinal position BM axis (according to the azimuth sensor in the sensors of the control system 8), calculate the azimuth (considering it real) according to BM ordinates and memorized coordinates of an additional landmark; by the difference of the indicated azimuths, the position of the longitudinal axis of the BM is specified (corrected).

In the absence of other possibilities for correcting the azimuth data of the longitudinal axis of the BM in the proposed fire control system, a stationary target with known coordinates can be used. The correction of the azimuth of the longitudinal axis of the BM is already carried out in the course of solving the OZ. In accordance with preliminary data on the position of the longitudinal axis, known (for example, according to intelligence transmitted to the BM) the coordinates of the target and the coordinates of the BM, sight 10 or gunner’s sight 5 (already during shooting at the target) is aimed at a stationary target, the position of the sight is manually adjusted to corresponding coincidence with the goal and before entering the calculated corrections (for example, according to weather data, including wind), the azimuth to the target is recorded (azimuth determined on preliminary data on the position of the longitudinal axis); further, it is possible to enter corrections and execute shots, but also additional calculation according to the recorded azimuth and calculated (according to the coordinates of the target and BM) at an acceptable point in time (for example, before moving the weapon unit to another target, or, if necessary, correcting firing, before switching to automatic aiming at the target) correction of the position of the longitudinal axis of the BM is introduced.

As a result of the implementation of the proposed methods of firing a combat vehicle and the proposed fire control system, primary effects are achieved:

- the risks of errors in clarifying the position of the longitudinal axis of the BM are reduced and, accordingly, the errors when shooting from BM guns at visible and invisible targets are reduced (due to the implementation of the possibility of correcting the position of the BM longitudinal axis in conditions of absence of landmarks with previously known coordinates, or lack of visibility by optical means BM of these landmarks / according to weather conditions; due to the terrain; actions taken by the enemy to destroy visible signs of the landmark, smoke screens, etc. /);

- reduced time to prepare for firing BM at a firing position (by reducing the time of operating coordinates of the target according to intelligence, achieved by eliminating the manual input of coordinates on BM consoles);

- reduced time to prepare for firing BM at a firing position (by reducing the time to receive the coordinates of the following targets according to intelligence, achieved by eliminating the manual reception of coordinates by voice and manually entering coordinates on the BM consoles; by reducing the time to retarget BM weapons; due to the reduction of time for redistribution of targets between interacting BMs when performing corrective actions based on the results of shooting);

- reduced time to fire (due to the reduction of time to aim weapons at targets achieved in the use of predominantly automated guidance);

- Inaccuracies are reduced when firing from BM guns (due to the use of mainly automated instrumental precision guidance of BM weapons on target).

Additional effects from the application of the proposed methods and systems are:

- reduction of the risks of BM destruction at firing positions (due to the reduction of the time to complete the firing mission by combat vehicles at firing positions);

- reduction of the risks of unauthorized interception of transmissions via voice communication of the coordinates of the attacked targets (due to the practical exclusion of such data transmissions);

- reduction of risks of unauthorized interceptions of the content of transmissions via voice communication (due to a significant reduction in both their number and the duration of negotiations on such communication).

Particularly relevant is the use of proposals in BM fire control systems such as infantry fighting vehicles, airborne landing vehicles, tanks, armored personnel carriers.

Claims (6)

1. The method of firing a combat vehicle in which targets are detected and recognized, the topographic coordinates and the height of the firing position of the combat vehicle with a gun mounted above it are determined, the main direction of fire is selected, when firing from closed positions at an unobserved target, topographic coordinates of the target are obtained and determine its height above sea level, choose the type of projectile, introduce corrections for deviation of the shooting conditions from the table, for derivation and, if necessary, adjust the aiming angle to the angle of the target altitude and, on the basis of the calculated data, the initial firing settings are assigned and worked out with respect to the preselected main direction, the computing operations are carried out using the control unit and the ballistic computer, the coordinates of the combat vehicle are determined automatically using the coordinate measurement system or entered into the control unit manually, then they are controlled meteorological data coming from automatic sensors, coordinates of the target and enter them into the control unit, the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the bo the howling machine is determined relative to a pre-selected main direction along the horizon, determined taking into account the coordinates previously entered into the control unit, or relative to the north-south direction using the azimuth sensor and entered into the control unit, the required angle of rotation of the line of sight to the target on the horizon is determined and at the elevation angle of the target due to the difference in the heights of the location of the machine and the target, determine using the ballistic computer the mismatch of the position of the line of sight of the sight n The driver relative to the horizon plane, having previously determined the position using the roll sensor, transmit the required vertical mismatch from the ballistic computer to the control unit via the communication channel, then from the control unit give it to the automatic optical-tele-teplovision system, with the help of which a mirror control signal is generated in vertical guidance channel, thereby moving the mirror of the gunner’s sight vertically in the direction of reducing the mismatch, and when shooting from of experienced positions on an unobservable target, they provide tracking of the sighting line of the gunner’s sight beyond the horizon, take the value of the tower’s rotation angle relative to the machine’s axis through the information exchange channel from the tower’s rotation sensor, calculate the value of the mismatch between the horizontal position of the tower and the direction of the target, which is issued to automatic a tele-thermal imaging system with which a mirror control signal is generated in a horizontal guidance channel, thus leading to the movement of Ala optic-television sight of the gunner on the horizon in the direction of reducing the mismatch and work out with an error of no more than a given mismatch of the gun relative to the line of sight along the vertical and horizontal channels, calculated in the control unit, when firing from closed positions at an unobserved target, range to the target, transmit to the ballistic computer, the code of the range to the target, where the aiming and lead angles are determined by vertical and horizontal guidance, taking into account amendments to the conditions firing, work out the corrections with the weapon stabilizer, form a firing resolution command with the help of a ballistic computer and transmit it via the information exchange channel to the operator’s console, where they prepare the electric launch chains and shoot at the target, characterized in that when firing from open positions at the observed target, Before transmitting the target range code to the ballistic computer, the target range is determined using a laser rangefinder and with its help, in the absence of previously known target coordinates, calculate the coordinates of the target, in addition, when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, in the absence of a predetermined reference point with known coordinates, an interacting second combat vehicle, also equipped with automatic determination of the coordinates of the combat vehicle, is used as a reference point with known coordinates, or choose a point as such a reference point when extending the combat vehicle to the firing position, during the passage of which its coordinates are measured and stored using the means of determining the coordinates of the combat vehicle, or choose a visible fixed target, the coordinates of which are transmitted to the combat vehicle as intelligence, as such a reference point. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle using the interacting second combat vehicle, the combat vehicles are placed at firing positions remote from each other for a range sufficient to ensure the required accuracy in determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis combat vehicles, moreover, to determine the position of the longitudinal axes of combat vehicles sequentially or simultaneously on interacting combat vehicles, they mutually direct optical-television sights, use la ernye range finders determine the azimuth reference position with respect to the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle and the actual range and transmit channel transmit digital data between communicating coordinates combat vehicles armored on firing positions. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when determining the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle using an additional point on the extension path of the combat vehicle to the firing position, such a point is selected at a distance from the planned firing position, sufficient to ensure the required accuracy of determining the starting position the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle, and after extending the combat vehicle to the firing position, the optical-television sight is aimed at an additional point, a laser range finder is used, the actual range is determined Th, azimuth and using coordinates of the point fixed when extended combat vehicle a firing position, and to the azimuthal measurement point made at the firing position, to determine the initial position of the longitudinal axis of the combat vehicle. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in the automated fire control system of the combat vehicle, several targets are fixed with their coordinates and after the target is fired, the coordinates of the next target are entered in accordance with its priority and the preparation cycle for firing and firing is automatically performed next goal. 5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that with the participation of several combat vehicles in solving a fire mission, a list of targets with coordinates is transmitted to all combat vehicles, and their priorities in each automated fire control system of a combat vehicle indicate the distribution of targets among combat vehicles, according to the results of firing at targets, if necessary, they change their priorities, thereby conducting an operational redistribution of targets in combat vehicles. 6. An automated fire control system for a combat vehicle, including a ballistic computer with an input information sensor system, which includes an azimuth sensor, an weapon stabilizer, a control unit, an optical-television gunner’s sight, as well as a tele-telescopic target tracking machine, a commander’s console and an operator’s console, coordinate measurement system, which includes an antenna unit, a receiver and an angle-code converter, as well as a commander’s position, including a control panel connected in series a video observation device of the commander, the first inputs and the first outputs of the optical-television sight of the gunner, tele-telescopic target tracking machine, control unit, stabilizer, ballistic computer, commander’s console and operator’s console are connected to a digital communication channel, the fourth input and fourth output of the control unit are connected respectively to the second output and the second input of the tele-teplovisovanny target tracking machine, the second output of the optical-television sight of the gunner is connected to the fourth input armament stabilizer house, the third input of which is connected to the second output of the operator’s console, the coordinate measurement system is connected to the fifth input of the control unit, the third output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the commander’s video viewing device, the output of which is connected to the control panel, the second output of which is connected to the third input control unit, characterized in that it additionally includes a control and communication intelligence complex, implemented as a mobile type computer, the first inputs and outputs of which are connected They are connected through a receiver-transmitter of a communication system with control and communication reconnaissance systems of other combat vehicles involved in the firing task, and with control and communication reconnaissance systems of mobile or stationary command posts, and the second inputs and outputs are connected via an adapter to a digital communication channel.

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