RU2714987C1 - Pneumatic drive with single-acting cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pneumatic actuators with single-action cylinder with spring return and can be used in pneumatic actuators of various objects with translational and rotary motion of actuating parts, for example, in drives of high-voltage contactors of locomotives. Pneumatic drive comprises: one-way cylinder consisting of: case, front cover with central hole, rear cover with holes for inlet and outlet of air, pins with nuts connecting rear cover, sleeve and front cover; piston with seals inside the sleeve dividing the cartridge cavity into the piston and rod chambers; a rod connected to the piston passing through the hole in the front cover, with a fork on the end of the rod with holes in its sides for connection to the movable element of the driven object; a spring located in the rod cavity between the front cover and the piston; a damper arranged in the piston cavity between the rear cover and the piston; control valve with handwheel, connected to pressure and exhaust holes in cylinder back cover; device for fixation of cylinder to fixed part of driven object, at that, device of connection of pneumatic drive with fixed part of driven object is fixed on front cover, control valve is fixed on rear cover, and between valve of control and piston cavity of cylinder there is a valve of quick exhaust.EFFECT: reduced time of pneumatic cylinder operating cycle.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pneumatic actuators with a single-acting cylinder with spring return, and can be used in pneumatic actuators of various objects with translational and rotational movement of the actuating parts, for example, in drives of high voltage contactors of locomotives.

Known electro-pneumatic contactor (patent for PM RU No. 72357 dated December 4, 2007), the contacts of which are driven by a pneumatic cylinder with a membrane piston, and are retracted by an external spring.

The disadvantage of this pneumatic actuator with a pneumatic cylinder is the low reliability of the diaphragm piston and the lack of controls providing a quick return of the diaphragm piston by the spring.

A known electro-pneumatic contactor (patent PM RU No. 54256 of 11/21/2005), the contacts of which are driven by a single-acting pneumatic cylinder with a spring in the rod cavity.

In the construction of a pneumatic actuator with a pneumatic cylinder, there are no means for attaching the pneumatic cylinder to the contactor and no means for controlling the pneumatic actuator.

Known single-acting pneumatic cylinder [http://hydro-pnevmo.ru/topic.php?ID=93], consisting of: sleeve, front cover with a central hole and peripheral holes, back cover with a hole for a fitting for supplying and discharging air, and peripheral holes; tie rods passing through peripheral holes in the covers fixed with nuts; a piston with seals installed inside the liner, dividing the liner cavity into a piston and rod cavity; a rod connected to a piston passing through a central hole in the front cover; springs between the piston and the front cover.

Known pneumatic cylinder single acting

[http://kampm.ru/articles/111/114/8291/] with a return spring in the rod cavity having means of attachment to the fixed part of the driven object both on the front cover in the form of a threaded clip and on the rear cover in the form of a pin .

Known single-acting pneumatic cylinders with a return spring in the rod cavity [DE No. 10139769 from 08.13.2001, EP No. 0872646 from 06/18/2003] with means of attachment to the fixed part of the driven object in the form of a pin on the back cover of the pneumatic cylinder, and to the movable parts - using a threaded connection at the end of the stem.

In the designs of these single-acting pneumatic cylinders, the controls that provide a quick return stroke of the piston under the action of a spring are not shown.

Known pneumatic distributor with electromagnetic control on-off with a manual backup (http://kampm.ru/articles/111/114/831/). patent RU No. 22111167 of 04.16.2003), comprising: a valve body with a first hole for connecting a compressed air pneumatic line connected to a central hole with a first seat made around the central hole and a second hole for connecting the body to the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder; an electromagnetic valve with a housing, with a solenoid, with a sleeve inside the solenoid, having an anchor in the form of a rod of soft magnetic material, placed in the sleeve of the solenoid, with longitudinal grooves on the outer surface of the armature; a first sealing element interacting with the first seat and a second sealing element located at the ends of the armature; an anchor tube with a central hole connected to the atmosphere and with a second saddle around a central hole in the anchor tube interacting with a second elastic cylindrical element at the other end of the anchor; a spacer between the body of the solenoid valve and the valve body; a spring, tightening the anchor and the second elastic element to the second annular saddle; the cavity under the armature connected through the outlet channel to the second hole in the valve body and to the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder.

A disadvantage of the known pneumatic valve is that due to the high resistance to air flow through the grooves on the outer surface of the armature and the hole in the plug of the solenoid sleeve, the valve does not provide a quick release of air from the pneumatic cylinder working cavity.

Known quick exhaust valve used in control systems of pneumatic actuators and installed in the pneumatic line between the on-off pneumatic distributor and the pneumatic cylinder [CN patent No. 204187023 U dated 09.10.2014].

Known quick exhaust valve series VSO [http://catalog.camozzi.ru/, p. 791], installed in the pneumatic line between the on-off pneumatic distributor and the pneumatic cylinder.

A disadvantage of the known quick exhaust valves is the additional resistance of the pneumatic line to the release of air into the atmosphere and the complexity of installation.

Known pneumatic drive with a single-acting cylinder [http://camozzi.ru, pneumatic cylinders series 40, prototype], mounted on the fixed part of the driven object as using a hinge mounted on the back cover, and using angled paws mounted on the front and back covers, consisting of: a sleeve, a front cover with a central hole and peripheral holes, a back cover with a hole for a fitting for supplying and discharging air, and peripheral holes; tie rods passing through peripheral holes in the covers fixed with nuts; a piston with seals installed inside the liner, dividing the liner cavity into a piston and rod cavity; a damper between the piston and the rear cover; a rod connected to a piston passing through a central hole in the front cover; springs between the piston and the front cover; devices for fastening the pneumatic drive to the fixed part of the driven object.

The disadvantage of this pneumatic actuator is the increased duration of the pneumatic actuator duty cycle.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to reduce the duration of the pneumatic actuator duty cycle.

The technical problem is solved in the design of a pneumatic drive containing:

- a single-acting cylinder, consisting of a sleeve, a front cover with a central hole, a back cover with a pressure hole for supplying air to the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder and an exhaust hole for venting air from it, studs with nuts connecting the back cover, front sleeve and cover; a piston with seals, dividing the liner cavity into a piston cavity, which is the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder, and the rod cavity; a rod connected to a piston passing through a central hole in the front cover, with a plug at the end of the rod with holes in its sides for connecting to a movable element of a driven object; a return spring located in the rod cavity between the front cover and the piston; a damper located in the piston cavity between the rear cover and the piston;

- a pneumatic distributor with an electromagnetic valve attached to its body through a spacer connecting the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinder with the pressure hole through the hole in the valve seat and with the atmosphere through the outlet; a device for attaching a pneumatic drive to a fixed part of a driven object, the device for mounting a pneumatic drive to a fixed part of a driven object is located on the front cover, and the valve body is a rear cover of the pneumatic cylinder having:

- a cylindrical cavity closed by a stopper with a central through hole, the height of which is less than the depth of the cavity, with an annular seat on the stopper placed inside the cavity around the central through hole, with an annular cavity between a part of the outer surface of the stopper and the surface of the cylindrical cavity and the outlet in the back cover, entering the annular cavity;

- an elastic valve located in a cylindrical cavity between its end and the annular seat on the plug with a cuff along its periphery adjacent to the surface of the cylindrical cavity, installed with the possibility of passing compressed air into the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder when the electromagnetic valve is turned on;

- in this case, the electromagnetic valve is mounted on the back cover, it is a two-position valve with a normally closed hole in the seat for pressure air inlet from the pressure hole into the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinder and an air outlet for letting air out from under the elastic valve through the central hole in the sleeve plug and for discharging air from the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinder through a central hole in the plug located in the cylindrical cavity in the back cover.

To simplify the design of the pneumatic actuator, the channels in the rear cover connecting the pressure and outlet openings with the piston cavity extend onto the side surface of the rear cover, the control solenoid valve body with a spacer is fixed to the side surface of the back cover so that the axis of the electromagnetic valve is perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder.

For ease of installation of the control solenoid valve, the back cover is elongated in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder, the pressure port extends to the end surfaces of the back cover, while the control solenoid valve with a spacer is installed on the upper end of the elongated part of the back cover so that the axis of the solenoid valve is parallel to the axis pneumatic cylinder.

To increase the safety of the control object, a manual override is installed in the spacer.

The achievement of the technical effect, - reducing the duration of the working cycle of the pneumatic cylinder, - is provided by the following combination of distinctive features:

- the device for fastening the pneumatic drive to the fixed part of the driven object is located on the front cover, and the valve body is the back cover of the pneumatic cylinder having a cylindrical cavity closed by a stopper with a central through hole, the height of which is less than the depth of the cavity, with an annular saddle on the tube, located inside the cavity around central through hole, with an annular cavity between a part of the outer surface of the tube and the surface of the cylindrical cavity and the outlet in back cover included in the annular cavity; an elastic valve located in the cylindrical cavity between its end and the annular seat on the tube with a cuff along its periphery adjacent to the surface of the cylindrical cavity, installed with the possibility of passing compressed air into the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder when the solenoid valve is turned on, while the solenoid valve is mounted on the back cover, is a two-position with a normally closed hole located in the spacer in the seat for air inlet under pressure from the pressure hole into the piston be a pneumatic cylinder connected to atmosphere and opening the air outlet from the elastic valve through the central hole in the plug sleeve and to bleed air from the piston chamber of the pneumatic cylinder through a central opening in the plug arranged in a cylindrical cavity in the rear cover.

This set of distinctive features was not found in the process of patent information search, therefore, the technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." It also does not follow explicitly from the prior art, therefore, the technical solution has an inventive step.

In FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic actuator with a single-acting pneumatic cylinder with a back cover, which is the valve body and with an electromagnetic control valve mounted on the side of the back cover.

In FIG. 2 - a pneumatic actuator with a single-acting pneumatic cylinder with a rear cover, elongated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder, which is the valve body and with a control solenoid valve mounted on the upper end of the rear cover.

In FIG. 3 is a view A in FIG. 2.

The pneumatic drive (Fig. 1-3) contains:

- a single-acting pneumatic cylinder 1, consisting of a sleeve 2, a front cover 3 with a central hole 4 and with a device 5 for fastening the pneumatic drive to the fixed part of the driven object (not shown), the back cover 6, which is the housing 7 of the air distributor 8, with a pressure hole 9 for supply air to the piston cavity 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 and the outlet hole 11 for discharging air from the piston cavity 10; studs 12 with nuts 13 connecting the front cover 3, the sleeve 2 and the rear cover 6; a piston 14 with a seal relative to the sleeve 2 of the pneumatic cylinder 1, dividing the cavity of the sleeve 2 into the piston cavity 10, and the rod cavity 15; a rod 16 connected to a piston 14 passing through a central hole 4 in the front cover 3 with a plug 17 at the end of the rod 16 with holes 17a in its sides for connecting to a movable element of a driven object (not shown); a return spring 18 located in the rod cavity 15 between the piston 14 and the front cover 3; a damper 19 located in the piston cavity 10 between the piston 14 and the rear cover 6, while the cover 6 has a cylindrical cavity 20 closed by a stopper 21 with a central through hole 22, the height of which is less than the depth of the cavity 20, with an annular seat 23 on the stopper 21 located inside the cavity 20 around the hole 22, and the annular cavity 24 in the cavity 20 between the part of the outer surface 25 of the plug 21 and the surface of the cylindrical cavity 20 connected by the hole 11 with the piston cavity 10; an elastic valve 27 placed in a cylindrical cavity 20 between its end 26 and the annular seat 23 with a cuff 28 at its periphery adjacent to the surface of the cylindrical cavity 20, installed with the possibility of passing compressed air through the annular cavity 24 and the hole 11 into the piston cavity 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 when turning on the electromagnetic valve 29 connected to the back cover 6 through the spacer 30.

The electromagnetic valve 29 is on-off with an opening 31 in the seat 32 of the spacer valve 30, normally closed to air under pressure from the pressure port 9 and connected to the atmosphere by channels for discharging air from the cavity between the elastic valve 27 and the end face 26 of the cavity 20 when the electromagnetic valve 29 is turned on.

The electromagnetic valve 29 has: a housing 33 with a solenoid 34 with a sleeve 35 inside the solenoid 34 and an armature 36 in the form of a tube of soft magnetic material in the sleeve 35; longitudinal grooves 37 on the outer surface of the armature 34; a first sealing element 38 and a second sealing element 39 located inside the armature 36; a plug 40 in the sleeve 35 having a through central hole 41; an annular seat 42 around the atmosphere-connected central hole 41 of the plug 40, interacting with the first sealing element 38 when the solenoid 34 is turned on to open the sealing element 39 of the hole 31 in the annular seat 32.

In the spacer 30 under the armature 36 around the second annular seat 32 there is a cavity 43 connected through an opening 43a through the channel 44 and the hole 11 with the piston cavity 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1, and through the longitudinal grooves 37 on the outer surface of the armature 36 and through the central hole 41 of the plug 40 - with the atmosphere, while between the armature 36 and the housing 33 of the electromagnetic valve 29, a spring 45 is installed, pressing the sealing element 39 to the seat 32.

For ease of installation, the pressure hole 9 through the channel 9a and the outlet 11 through the channel 44 go to the side surface 6a (Fig. 1) of the back cover 6, the solenoid valve body 29 with a spacer 30 is fixed with screws 46 on the side surface 6a of the back cover 6 so that the axis of the electromagnetic valve 29 is perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder 1.

For ease of maintenance during operation, the back cover 6 is elongated in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder 1 (Fig. 2), while the solenoid valve 29 with a spacer 30 is fixed with screws 46 on the end face 6b of the elongated part of the back cover 6 so that the axis of the electromagnetic valve 29 is parallel axis of the pneumatic cylinder 1.

For the safety of the pneumatic actuator when the power is turned off, a manual override 47 (Fig. 3) is installed in the spacer, which interacts with the armature 36 of the electromagnetic valve 29.

When the solenoid 34 is turned on and compressed air is supplied through the hole 9, the channel 9a and the hole 31, the armature 36 moves, and the sealing element 38 closes the central hole 41, preventing air from entering the atmosphere.

Compressed air through the cavity 43 and the hole 43a in the spacer 30 and through the channel 44 in the cover 6 enters under the end face 26 of the cavity 20, shifts the elastic valve 27, which closes the hole 22 in the tube 21, while the air presses the lobe of the cuff 28, and through the annular the cavity 24 and the hole 11 enters the piston cavity 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1, performing work when moving the piston 14.

To make a quick return stroke of the piston 14 of the pneumatic cylinder 1, the solenoid 34 must be de-energized, the spring 45 moves the armature 36, presses the sealing element 39 to the seat 32, blocking the access of air under pressure from the hole 9 to the cavity 43, the sealing element 38 moves away from the seat 42 and opens the hole 41 in the plug 40. Air from the piston cavity 10 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 under the action of the returning force of the spring 18 to the piston 14 is displaced through the hole 11 and the annular cavity 24, acts on the cuff 28, moves the elastic valve 27 to the end 26 along 20, opening the hole 22 for the rapid release of air from the piston cavity 10, through the annular cavity 24 into the atmosphere. The duty cycle of the pneumatic actuator is completed.

Claims (6)

1. Pneumatic actuator containing - a single-acting cylinder, consisting of a sleeve, a front cover with a central hole, a back cover with a pressure hole for supplying air to the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder and an exhaust hole for venting air from it, studs with nuts connecting the back cover, front sleeve and cover; a piston with seals, dividing the liner cavity into a piston cavity, which is the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder, and the rod cavity; a rod connected to a piston passing through a central hole in the front cover, with a plug at the end of the rod with holes in its sides for connecting to a movable element of a driven object; a return spring located in the rod cavity between the front cover and the piston; a damper located in the piston cavity between the rear cover and the piston; - a pneumatic distributor with an electromagnetic valve attached to its body through a spacer connecting the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinder with the pressure hole through the hole in the valve seat and with the atmosphere through the outlet; a device for attaching a pneumatic drive to a fixed part of a driven object, characterized in that the device for mounting a pneumatic drive to a fixed part of a driven object is located on the front cover, and the valve body is a rear cover of the pneumatic cylinder having a cylindrical cavity closed by a plug with a central through hole, the height of which is less cavity depths, with an annular saddle on a tube placed inside the cavity around a central through hole, with annular bands Strongly part between the outer tube surface and the surface of the cylindrical cavity and an outlet in the rear cover within the annular cavity; an elastic valve located in the cylindrical cavity between its end and the annular seat on the tube with a cuff along its periphery adjacent to the surface of the cylindrical cavity, installed with the possibility of passing compressed air into the working cavity of the pneumatic cylinder when the solenoid valve is turned on, while the solenoid valve is mounted on the back cover, is a two-position with a normally closed hole located in the spacer in the seat for air inlet under pressure from the pressure hole into the piston be a pneumatic cylinder connected to atmosphere and opening the air outlet from the elastic valve through the central hole in the plug sleeve and to bleed air from the piston chamber of the pneumatic cylinder through a central opening in the plug arranged in a cylindrical cavity in the rear cover. 2. The pneumatic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels in the back cover connecting the pressure and outlet openings with the piston cavity extend onto the side surface of the back cover, the control solenoid valve body with a spacer is fixed to the side surface of the back cover so that the axis the electromagnetic valve is perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder. 3. The pneumatic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the back cover is elongated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder, the pressure port extends to the end surfaces of the back cover, and the control solenoid valve with a spacer is mounted on the upper end of the elongated part of the back cover so that the axis of the solenoid valve is parallel to the axis of the pneumatic cylinder. 4. The pneumatic drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the manual backup is installed in the spacer.

Images