RU2711319C1 - Method of bring the weapon to normal combat using the middle point of hit two series of 4 shots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.SUBSTANCE: method of bringing the weapon to normal combat, in which the middle point of hit two series of 4 shots is used. After the first series of 4 single shots position is changed; for the second series, the firing position required for arming is re-taken and the second series of 4 single shots is fired in the same target. Middle point of falling of two series is determined as the middle between average points of hit of series, then by value of deviation of the middle point of hit of two series from the control point values of adjustment of sight for normal weapon combat are determined.EFFECT: method is proposed to bring the weapon to normal combat using the middle point of hit two series of 4 shots.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to weapons.

BACKGROUND

Bringing a weapon to normal combat means imparting to the elements of the aiming device such a position with respect to the weapon, in which the established characteristics of firing accuracy are ensured - paragraph 580, GOST 28653-90.

One of the ways to bring the weapon to normal combat is to shoot with the subsequent determination of the deviation of the midpoint of the hit from the control point and the corresponding change in the position of the elements of the sighting device to obtain a deviation of no more than established.

Analogs known to the applicant

In the Russian army, traditionally, weapons lead to normal combat using the middle point of hit of one series of 4 single shots - Art. 83-87, Manual for the 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK74, AKS74, AK74N, AKS74N) and the 5.45 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (RPK74, RPKS74, RPK74N, RPKS74N), Main Directorate of combat training of the Ground Forces, Uch. -Ed., 1982; as well as art. 109-113, Manual on 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine guns PK, PKM, PKS, PKMS, PKB, PKMB and PKT ”, Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Ground Forces, Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1979

In the US Army, traditionally, weapons are fired using the midpoint of two series of 3 single shots each - paragraph 5-44, FM 3-22.9 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16- / M4-SERIES WEAPONS, Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC , February 10, 2011. In addition, the definition of the midpoint of the hit of three series of 3 single shots is provided - Figure 5-9. Central point of three shot groups, FM 3-22.9 "RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16- / M4-SERIES WEAPONS", Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC, February 10, 2011.

The closest analogue (prototype) is the method using the midpoint of the hit of two series of 3 single shots - paragraph 5-44, FM 3-22.9 "RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16- / M4-SERIES WEAPONS", Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington , DC, February 10, 2011.

Technical problem

It is known that for a comparatively accurate determination of the mid-point of impact it is enough to fire 15-20 rounds - “Foundations of the device of the material part of small arms. A textbook for schools of weapons technicians. ”, V. Albertin, A. Bashmarin, edited by A. Blagonravov, Gosvoenizdat, Moscow, 1934. And the smaller the number of shots, the greater the error in determining the average point of impact and the greater the error in bringing weapons to normal combat.

In addition, bringing one series of shots leads to the fact that the position of the mid-point of impact is affected by the error of only one manufacture, because of which all bullets of the series are shifted in one direction.

As a result of 4 shots in one series, as the Russian army brings weapons, they give a 5 cm reduction error at a distance of 100 m - Art. 88, Manual for a 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK74, AKS74, AK74N, AKS74N) and a 5.45 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (RPK74, RPKS74, RPK74N, RPKS74N), Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Ground Forces, Uch.-ed ., 1982; as well as art. 113, Manual on 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine guns PK, PKM, PKS, PKMS, PKB, PKMB and PKT ”, Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Ground Forces, Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1979

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essential features characterizing the invention is the following set of actions when bringing weapons to normal combat:

- produce two series of 4 single shots; to average the manufacturing error for firing after the first series of arrows or an artillery gun changes position, for example, leaves the firing line, and for the second series re-occupies the position (manufacture) required for bringing the weapon;

- the magnitude of the adjustment of the sight is determined by the deviation of the midpoint of the hit of two series.

These signs provide a technical result for all types of weapons, sights and ammunition.

Features distinguishing from the closest analogue

The invention differs from the prototype in that 4 shots are fired in each series.

The technical result of the invention

The invention expands the arsenal of ways to bring weapons to normal combat.

The problem to which the invention is directed

For the Russian Armed Forces, the invention reduces the error of bringing a weapon to normal combat due to a larger number of shots, and in two series, when the manufacturing error is averaged due to the fact that the shooter or artillery takes a second position (manufacture) for firing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 "Known from the prior art methods for determining the midpoint of the hit of one series or group of 4 shots"

- места попадания пуль или снарядов (пробоины);

- places hit by bullets or shells (holes);

STP - midpoint hit;

and - a method when, in order to find the midpoint of the hit, the middle is first found between any two holes, in FIG. 1 - between the two upper holes; then they find a third of the distance from this middle to the third hole; then a quarter of the distance from this third to the fourth hole; this quarter is the middle point of impact, indicated by a cross with the signature STP;

b - a method where the midpoint of the hit is found as the midpoint of the distance between the midpoints of the pairs of holes; in FIG. 1, the midpoints are found in the right and left pairs of holes and then the middle between these midpoints is marked with a cross with the signature STP.

The drawing in FIG. 1 is part of Fig. 54 of the Guide to the 5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK74, AKS74, AK74N, AKS74N) and the 5.45 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (RPK74, RPKS74, RPK74N, RPKS74N), Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Ground Forces, Uch.-ed ., 1982; similar to part of Fig. 75 from the Manual on 7.62 mm Kalashnikov PK, PKM, PKS, PKMS, PKB, PKMB and PKT machine guns ”, Main Directorate for Combat Training of the Ground Forces, Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1979

FIG. 2 "Determination of the midpoint of the hit of two series of 4 shots"

- места попадания (пробоины) пуль или снарядов первой серии;

- places of hit (holes) of bullets or shells of the first series;

- места попадания (пробоины) пуль или снарядов второй серии;

- places of hit (holes) of bullets or shells of the second series;

- середины пар попаданий;

- midpoints of hit pairs;

- средние точки попадания;

- midpoints of hit;

STP-1 - the middle point of impact of the first series;

STP-2 - the middle point of impact of the second series;

STP-1 + 2 - the midpoint of the hit of two series;

- контрольная точка;

- check Point;

KG - the size and direction of adjustment of the sight horizontally;

HF - the size and direction of adjustment of the sight vertically or range.

FIG. 3 "Determination of the midpoint of the hit of two groups of 4 hits"

- места попадания (пробоины) пуль или снарядов;

- places of hit (holes) of bullets or shells;

- середины пар попаданий;

- midpoints of hit pairs;

- средние точки попадания;

- midpoints of hit;

STP-1 - the middle point of impact of the first group;

STP-2 - the middle point of impact of the second group;

STP-1 + 2 - the midpoint of the hit of two series;

- контрольная точка;

- check Point;

KG - the size and direction of adjustment of the sight horizontally;

HF - the size and direction of adjustment of the sight vertically or range.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The average hit point of two series can be determined both by the average hit points of the series, and by the average hit points of two groups of hits, in addition, the average point of hit of a series or group can be determined by two known methods. Therefore, the following embodiments of the invention exist:

1. First, the shooter or artillery takes the position required for bringing the weapon to fire (manufacture) and makes the first series of 4 single shots, after which it changes position, for example, leaves the firing line. Hits (holes) of the first series are marked.

Then, for the second series of shooters or an artillery gun, it again takes the required position for firing and shoots the second series of 4 single shots at the same target.

To determine the midpoints of each series, the “b” variant of FIG. 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 divide the hits of each series into two pairs and find the middle between the hits in each pair, then find the middle between the middle of the pairs of the series, which will be the middle point of hit of this series - the average point of hit of the first series of STP-1 and the average point of hit of the second series of STP- 2.

Then find the middle between the midpoints of hit of the first STP-1 and the second STP-2 series, which will be the midpoint of the hit of two series of shots - STP-1 + 2 in FIG. 2.

Then, the deviation of the midpoint of the hit of the two STP-1 + 2 series from the CT is measured - the control point (established by the scope instruction), the necessary sight adjustments are determined by the scope instruction and the scope is adjusted.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to find the midpoint of the hit of each series, use the prior art variant “a” in FIG. 1: first find the middle between any two hits of the series, then a third of the distance from this middle to the third hit, then a quarter of the distance from this third to the fourth hit; point at this quarter of the distance and will be the midpoint of the hit of the series, in FIG. 1 cross marked STP.

In the event of a miss of one bullet (projectile) of a series past a target, the middle point of impact of such a series will be a point at a third of the distance from the middle between two hits to the third hit of this series.

This particular case of the invention is expediently applied in the event of a miss of one bullet (projectile) of a series past the target.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the second series all hits are divided into 2 compact groups equal in number of hits - FIG. 3.

Then, the average hit points of each group are determined as the middle between the midpoints of the pair of hits of the group, and then the average hit point of the two groups as the middle between these midpoints of hit of the groups. The midpoint of the two groups is also the midpoint of the two series, as can be seen from its identical location in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

This particular case of the invention saves time, since it is not necessary to mark hits of the first series, therefore, this particular case is advisable to apply when it is necessary to quickly bring the weapon to normal combat.

It should be borne in mind that it is impossible to check the accuracy of the battle of the groups, as the accuracy of the groups is usually less than the accuracy of the series, which can be seen when comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. The accuracy of the battle of weapons is not the subject of this invention, therefore, when choosing a variant of the invention, it is advisable to consider whether it is necessary to verify the accuracy of the battle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the second series all hits are divided into 2 compact groups of 4 hits, as shown in FIG. 3, in the case of one miss past the target - to group 4 and group 3 hits, in the case of two misses - to 2 groups of 3 hits.

To find the midpoint of the hit of each group, use the prior art variant “a” in FIG. 1: first find the middle between any two hits of the group, then a third of the distance from this middle to the third hit, then a quarter of the distance from this third to the fourth hit; point at this quarter of the distance and will be the midpoint of the group.

In a group with three hits, the middle hit point will be a point one-third of the distance from the middle between two hits to the third hit of the group.

Then find the midpoint of the two series as the middle between the midpoints of the groups.

This particular case of the invention is advisable to apply in case of a miss of one or two bullets (shells) past the target and when the accuracy of the battle of weapons is not required to be checked.

Claims (4)

1. The method of bringing weapons to normal combat using the midpoint of the hit of two series of 4 shots, which consists in taking the position for firing required for bringing the weapon and making the first series of 4 single shots, after which they change position; for the second series, they re-take the position required for bringing the weapon to fire and produce the second series of 4 single shots at the same target; the midpoints of hit of each series are found as the middle between the midpoints of the pairs of hits of the series; then find the midpoint of the hit of two series as the middle between the midpoints of hit of the series; then the magnitude of the deviation of the midpoint of the hit of two series from the control point determines the magnitude of the adjustment of the sight for normal combat weapons. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that to find the midpoint of the hit of each series, first find the middle between any two hits of the series, then a third of the distance from this middle to the third hit, then a quarter of the distance from this third to the fourth hit; the point at this quarter of the distance will be the midpoint of the hit of the series; in the event of a miss of one bullet (shell) of a series past a target, the middle point of impact of such a series will be a point at a third of the distance from the middle between two hits to the third hit of this series. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the midpoint of the hit of two series is found as the middle between the midpoints of the hit of two randomly selected groups of 4 hits. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after the second series all hits are divided into 2 compact groups of 4 hits, in the case of one miss by the target, into group 4 and group 3 of the hit, in the case of two misses into 2 groups of 3 hits; to find the midpoint of the hit of each group, first find the middle between any two hits of the group, then a third of the distance from this middle to the third hit, then a quarter of the distance from this third to the fourth hit; the point at this quarter of the distance will be the midpoint of the group; in a group with three hits, the middle hit point will be a point at a third of the distance from the middle between two hits to the third hit of this group; then the midpoint of the two series is found as the middle between the midpoints of the two groups.

Images