RU2770768C1 - Grain drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular, to grain drying devices. Grain drying device comprises a casing, the surface of which is coated with a layer of heat-insulating material, inside the casing there is a transporting working element in the form of an endless chain with scrapers, a loading hopper, discharge window, heating elements, box installed inside casing, as well as cooling device consisting of fan and air duct. Box in the longitudinal vertical plane is oval. Inner surface of the casing follows the contours of the box; at that, the distance from the inner surface of the casing to the outer surface of the box is constant and equal to the height of the scrapers of the transporting working element. Height of scrapers and distance between scrapers of transporting working element are equal to maximum size of grain. Box is divided horizontally into two equal parts. In the upper part of the box, on its inner lower side, heating elements are installed, and an air duct is connected to the lower part of the box. Lower parts of box and casing are made perforated with sizes of holes not exceeding minimum grain size. Unloading window is equipped with a gate and is located on the lower part of the casing under the loading hopper.EFFECT: higher quality of grain drying.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for drying grain.

A device for drying grain [Device for drying grain. - Patent RU No. 2465527. - Published. 27.10.2012, Bull. No. 30], containing a casing of rectangular section, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a transporting working body installed inside the casing, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements placed between the loading hopper and an unloading window, as well as a cooling device consisting of a fan and an air duct . The casing is made of rectangular section, and the transporting working body is made in the form of an endless chain with scrapers. Two plates are installed horizontally and parallel one above the other inside the casing. Heating elements are located between the plates at an equal distance from the loading hopper and the unloading window, and the upper branch of the chain with scrapers rests on the upper plate, which is shorter than the horizontal section of the upper chain branch, and its edge is set at the level of the outer edge of the unloading window. The lower branch of the chain with scrapers rests on the bottom plate. The air duct of the cooling device is connected to the casing at an equal distance from the loading hopper and the unloading window.

The known device has a disadvantage - the low quality of the dried grain.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is to improve the quality of grain drying.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the box in the longitudinal vertical plane is oval. The inner surface of the casing is made following the contours of the box. The distance from the inner surface of the casing to the outer surface of the box is assumed to be constant and equal to the height of the scrapers of the transporting working body. The height of the scrapers and the distance between the scrapers of the conveying working body

taken equal to the maximum grain size. The box is divided horizontally into two equal parts. Heating elements are installed in the upper part of the box from its inner lower side, and an air duct is attached to the lower part of the box. The lower parts of the box and casing are perforated with hole sizes not exceeding the minimum grain size. The unloading window is equipped with a damper and is located from the lower part of the casing under the loading hopper.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device, and Fig. 2 - the same, section along A-A.

The device for drying grain includes a casing 1, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a transporting working body 3 installed inside the casing in the form of an endless chain with scrapers 4, a loading hopper 5, an unloading window 6, heating elements 7, a box 8 installed inside the casing, and also a cooling device consisting of a fan 10 and an air duct 9. The box 8 is oval in the longitudinal vertical plane. The inner surface of the casing 1 repeats the contours of the box 8, and the distance from the inner surface of the casing 1 to the outer surface of the box 8 is constant and equal to the height of the scrapers 4 of the transporting working body 3, the height of the scrapers 4 and the distance between the scrapers 4 of the transporting working body 3 are equal to the maximum grain size. The box 8 is divided horizontally into two equal parts, and heating elements 7 are installed in the upper part of the box 8 from its inner lower side. An air duct 9 is attached to the lower part of the box 8. The lower parts of the box 8 and casing 1 are perforated with hole sizes not exceeding minimum grain size. The unloading window 6 is equipped with a damper 12 and is located from the bottom of the casing 1 under the loading hopper 5. The transporting working body 3 is equipped with a drive 11.

The device works as follows. The heating elements 7 and the fan 10 are turned on. After the surface of the box 8 reaches the required temperature, the drive 11 is turned on, which sets the transporting working body 3 in motion. of the working body 3, and then it is moved by the moving transporting working body 3 to the unloading window 6. The grain, in contact with the heated surface of the part of the box 8, is heated and then the transporting working body enters the lower part of the box 8, where it is cooled through the perforation of the box 8 and casing 1 air flow blown by fan 10 through air duct 9. Due to the fact that the holes have a size not exceeding the minimum grain size, the processed product does not spill out of the device. When the moisture content of the grain at the outlet of the device is higher than the standard, the unloading window 5 is closed with a damper 12 for a repeated drying cycle. Dry grain is removed from the device through the unloading window 5.

When using grain of another crop, the heating temperature of the surfaces of the box 8 is changed, the rotational speed of the transporting working body 7 is changed, and the speed of the air flow in the air duct 9 is also reduced or increased by changing the rotational speed of the fan 10.

Making the box oval in the longitudinal vertical plane, making the inner surface of the casing repeating the contours of the box, ensuring the distance from the inner surface of the casing to the outer surface of the box is constant and equal to the height of the scrapers of the transporting working body, ensuring the height of the scrapers and the distance between the scrapers of the transporting working body equal to the maximum grain size, dividing the duct horizontally into two equal parts, installing heating elements in the upper part of the duct from its inner lower side, connecting an air duct to the lower part of the duct, making the lower parts of the duct and casing perforated with openings not exceeding the minimum grain size, supplying an unloading damper

windows and its location from the bottom of the casing under the loading hopper improves the quality of drying.

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain, containing a casing, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a transporting working body installed inside the casing in the form of an endless chain with scrapers, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements, a box installed inside the casing, and a cooling device consisting of a fan and an air duct, characterized in that the box is oval in the longitudinal vertical plane, the inner surface of the casing follows the contours of the box, and the distance from the inner surface of the casing to the outer surface of the box is constant and equal to the height of the scrapers of the transporting working body, the height of the scrapers and the distance between the scrapers of the transporting working body are equal to the maximum grain size, the box is divided horizontally into two equal parts, and heating elements are installed in the upper part of the box from its inner bottom side, and an air duct is attached to the bottom of the box, and the lower parts of the box both casings are perforated with hole sizes not exceeding the minimum grain size, and the unloading window is equipped with a damper and is located from the lower part of the casing under the loading hopper.

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