RU2740545C1 - Hydraulic drive of sucker-rod pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil and gas industry, namely to hydraulic drives of borehole deep-well pumps for oil and / or gas production. Drive includes a cylinder with a piston fixed on the wellhead, the rod of which is directed upwards and connected from above through a rod and a traverse to the polished rod of the rod string. It comprises tank with hydraulic fluid and pressure hydraulic pump communicated with tank inlet. Upper and lower cavities of the cylinder are equipped with supplying upper and lower nozzles, one of which is connected in series through the hydraulic distributor with the delivery pump and through the drain with the reservoir, and the other one – through the drain with the reservoir and the delivery pump. Cylinder is made with possibility of fixation on wellhead accessories. Thrust is made rigid, consisting of upper adapter and process extension, located above crossarm coaxially to polished rod and rigidly connected from above with adapter. Cylinder is equipped with at least one guide enveloping the elongator or the polished stock with possibility of longitudinal movement.EFFECT: simplified design and increased reliability.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to hydraulic drives of a sucker rod pump for oil and / or gas production.

It is known a device for installing a hydraulic cylinder of a sucker rod pump drive on a well (patent for PM RU No. 188939, IPC F04B 47/04, publ. 04/30/2019 Bull. No. 13), containing a flange and a sub, and the flange is rigidly connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the wellhead fittings, and a central hole is made in the flange through which the cylinder rod, connected to the rod string, passes.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of installation and maintenance, since the hydraulic sealed cylinder of the drive is rigidly connected to the wellhead flange, which requires, in the event of failure of any structural element of the wellhead assembly or device, to completely disassemble the device itself to separate it from the rods of the well pump and wellhead assembly, since the flange of the device is an integral part of it.

The closest in technical essence is the hydraulic drive of a downhole sucker rod pump (patent for PM RU No. 161852, IPC F04B 47/04, publ. 05/10/2016 Bull. No. 13), consisting of a hydraulic cylinder, a rigid base plate, a flexible rod, and the power hydraulic cylinder is made in the form of a column of stages, consisting of at least two hydraulic cylinders, and installed vertically on the base plate of the well on top of each other, while the hydraulic cylinders are connected to each other by means of flanges, namely, the hydraulic cylinder bodies are installed on the hydraulic cylinder rods with the ability to lift the movable link like a rod, and the body of the hydraulic cylinder.

The disadvantages of this hydraulic drive are the complexity of manufacture and maintenance due to the large number of articulated cylinders and drives, as well as low efficiency (efficiency) and reliability due to flexible rods subject to constant successive stretching and compression (in about 80% of cases of failure such mechanisms is associated with a breakdown of the flexible rod).

The technical problem of the proposed invention is to create a simple and reliable hydraulic drive of a sucker rod pump using one piston with a cylinder installed parallel to the rod and having a minimum number of simple and rigid mating parts.

The technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the hydraulic drive of a sucker rod pump, which includes a cylinder fixed at the wellhead, equipped with a piston, the rod of which is directed upwards and connected from above through a rod and a traverse with a polished rod of the rod string of a deep well pump, a container with hydraulic fluid and a pressure hydraulic a pump communicated with the inlet with the tank, and the upper and lower cavities of the cylinder are equipped with upper and lower inlet pipes, respectively, one of which is sequentially communicated through the hydraulic distributor with the pressure pump and through the drain with the tank, and the other through the drain with the tank and the pressure pump, when In this case, the cylinder is designed to be fixed on the wellhead, the rod is made rigid, consisting of an upper adapter and a technological extension located above the crosshead coaxially with the polished rod and rigidly connected from above with the adapter, while the cylinder is equipped with at least one guide, oh coiling with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the extension or polished rod.

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic drive - top view.

FIG. 2 shows a section a-a of FIG. one.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the hydraulic drive.

The hydraulic drive of a sucker rod pump (not shown) includes a cylinder 2 fixed at the wellhead 1 (Figs. 1 - 3), equipped with a piston (not shown), the rod 3 (Figs. 2 and 3) of which is directed upward and connected from above through a rod 4 and a traverse 5 with a polished rod 6 of a rod string (not shown) of a submersible pump, a reservoir (not shown) with hydraulic fluid and a pressure hydraulic pump (not shown) communicated with the inlet with the reservoir. Moreover, the upper and lower cavities of the cylinder 2 are equipped with supplying upper 7 (Fig. 2 and 3) and lower 8 nozzles, respectively, one of which 7 or 8 is connected in series through a hydraulic distributor (not shown) with a pressure pump and through a drain (not shown) with a container , and the other 8 or 7 - through a drain with a tank and a pressure pump. The cylinder 2 is made with the possibility of fixing on the wellhead assembly 9 (Fig. 1 - 3). The rod 4 (Fig. 2 and 3) is made rigid, consisting of an upper adapter 10 and a technological extension 11, located above the traverse 5 coaxially with the polished rod 6 and rigidly connected from above with the adapter 10. The cylinder 2 is equipped with at least one guide 12, covering with the possibility longitudinal movement extension 11 or polished rod 6.

The upper adapter 10 (Fig. 2 and 3) of the rod 4 can be connected to the rod 3 by a coupling 13, a threaded connection, welding or the like. (not shown). The technological extension 11 can be rigidly connected to the adapter 10 by two jaws 14 tightened by bolts 15 with nuts 16 (Fig. 3), a clamp, welding or the like. (not shown).

Guide 12 (Fig. 2 and 3) can be made in the form of two special plates 17 tightened by bolts 18 with nuts 19 (Fig. 3), a special clamp or the like. (not shown).

Traverse 5 (Fig. 2 and 3) can be made of any known design (see patents RU No. 121529, 2324072, 2322295, or the like) to connect the rod 4 with polished rod 6, the authors do not pretend to do so.

The designs of the tank, drain, injection pump and distributor can be different (see analogs or the like) for controlled sequential raising or lowering of the piston with the rod 3, the authors do not claim this. Sensors and limiters for control through the control unit for the operation of the hydraulic drive using a distributor and a pressure pump can also be of different designs (see analogs or the like), the authors also do not claim this.

Structural elements and technological connections that do not affect the performance of the hydraulic drive in Fig. 1 - 3 are not shown or are shown conditionally.

The hydraulic drive works as follows.

The wellhead 1 (Figs. 1 - 3) is equipped with wellhead fittings 9 with an upper flange 20 sealing the wellhead 1, which is fixed along the perimeter with fasteners 21 and 22 (Figs. 2 and 3). One or two adjacent holes 23 (Fig. 2) in the flange 20 are left free, over which a cylinder 2 with a piston and a rod 3 is installed, pre-baiting through the free holes 23 with a bolt (s) 24 or studs with nuts (not shown). Since the flange 20 (Figs. 2 and 3) is initially perpendicular to the polished rod 6, additional operations for installing the cylinder 2 to achieve parallelism to the polished rod 6 are not required. The rod 3 through the adapter 10 and the extension 11 by means of a cross-piece 5 is connected to the polished rod 6. One guide 12 or several guides 12 of the cylinder 2 is connected to the extension 11 and / or a polished rod 6. The longer the cylinder 2, the more guides 12 are needed for stability of cylinder 2 (from practice: one guide 12 is recommended for 1 - 2 m of cylinder 2). By a slight movement along the flange 20 in the radial direction of the cylinder 2, free movement is achieved without tightening (a short stop due to friction) of the polished rod 6 and / or the extension 11 in the guide (them) 12, after which the cylinder 2 is finally fixed on the flange 20, for example, bolt (s) 24 (Fig. 2). The supply pipes 7 (Figs. 2 and 3) and 8 are connected to a distributor, which communicates with the injection pump and through the drain with a container filled with liquid (machine oil, antifreeze, water, or the like). By sequential injection through the pipes 7 and 8 of the liquid into the corresponding cavities of the cylinder 2 of the liquid, they are filled with liquid and the remaining gas inside is squeezed out (to increase the efficiency of the hydraulic drive). The distributor and the injection pump are adjusted to the required stroke length and the speed of movement of the piston with rod 3 in cylinder 2, respectively. Since one cylinder 2 is used, no other adjustments and coordination of the operation of the elements of the hydraulic pump are required. The stroke of the piston with the rod 3 and the speed of their movement are selected based on the required performance of the sucker rod pump for the corresponding well. An injection pump is put into operation, supplying liquid from a container under pressure through the lower branch pipe 8 to cylinder 2. Under the action of excessive pressure, the piston with the rod 3 rise upward, dragging the polished rod 6 with the rod string along the adapter 10, the extension 11 and the traverse 5, and plunger of a deep pump. In this case, the liquid from the upper cavity of the cylinder 2 through the upper pipe 7, the distributor and the drain is squeezed into the container. When the upper point of the piston stroke with rod 3 is reached, the distributor switches the fluid flows. As a result, the pressure pump delivers liquid under pressure through the upper branch pipe 7 into the cylinder 2. Under the action of excess pressure, the piston with the rod 3 is lowered, and the adapter 10, the extension 11 and the traverse 5 under the weight of the polished rod 6 with the rod string and the plunger of the deep pump also go down ... In this case, the liquid from the lower cavity of the cylinder 2 through the lower branch pipe 8, the distributor and the drain is squeezed out again into the container. Further, the cycles of raising and lowering the piston with the rod 3 in the cylinder 2 are verified, and the deep pump pumps out liquid and / or gas from the well to the surface.

When any structural element of the hydraulic drive comes out, it is stopped and this element is replaced or repaired without disassembling and dismantling the entire drive and / or wellhead assembly 9.

The proposed hydraulic drive of a sucker rod pump is simple and reliable in service and operation, respectively, due to the use of one piston with a cylinder, installed parallel to the rod, and having a minimum number of simple and rigid mating parts.

Claims (1)

Hydraulic drive of a sucker rod pump, including a cylinder fixed at the wellhead, equipped with a piston, the rod of which is directed upwards and connected from above through a rod and a traverse with a polished rod of the rod string of a submersible pump, a reservoir with hydraulic fluid and a pressure hydraulic pump communicated by the inlet with the reservoir, the upper and the lower cavity of the cylinder are equipped with inlet upper and lower nozzles, respectively, one of which is sequentially communicated through a hydraulic distributor with a pressure pump and through a drain with a container, and the other through a drain with a container and an injection pump, characterized in that the cylinder is made with the possibility of fixing on wellhead fittings, the rod is made rigid, consisting of an upper adapter and a technological extension located above the crosshead coaxially with the polished rod and rigidly connected from above with the adapter, while the cylinder is equipped with at least one guide, covering with the possibility of a longitudinal o moving an extension bar or polished rod.

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