RU2619421C2 - Press for deep pulling sheet details - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: press for deep drawing of hollow sheet parts contains a bed and a traverse connected by columns. On the traverse there is a punch equipped with a hydraulic drive for its movement. On the columns with the ability to move from the hydraulic drive the slider is installed. Provided clamp, which has the ability to swing motion. The clamping movement of the clamping unit is made in the form of at least four hydraulic cylinders arranged on the upper surface of the slide, the drive plate and the central hub. The plate has a spherical surface and is connected by means of ball bearings to the rods of the hydraulic cylinders. The central bushing has a spherical abutment surface responsive to the spherical surface of the drive plate, and is mounted on the lower surface of the slider. The clamp is attached to the drive plate. Hydraulic cylinders are located at an equal distance from the axis of the press with the possibility of providing swing motion of the drive plate.

EFFECT: expanding the technological capabilities of the press and increasing the reliability of its work.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of metal forming and can be used for the manufacture of hollow parts from sheet materials.

A known press for deep drawing of hollow parts [1], containing the hydraulic cylinders of the punch and clamp, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the clamp reciprocates as a result of the alternate supply of fluid into the piston and rod cavities. The industrial press of the PGV-1 model created according to this invention is used for deep single-junction drawing of hollow parts with the deliberate and repeated formation and smoothing of corrugations on the workpiece flange when alternating reciprocating (pulsating) press movements with a frequency of up to 30 strokes / min and an amplitude of up to 15 mm and intermittent punch strokes up to 2 mm.

The pulsating hood process implemented on this press is distinguished by its wide technological capabilities, especially in the manufacture of box-shaped parts, since the resistance to corrugation is much less than the resistance to plastic deformation of the workpiece flange when drawing without corrugation. The wide technological capabilities of the process are combined with low productivity associated with repeated alternation of the working strokes of the punch and clamp (from 40 to 170 cycles per part) and stops of the punch at the time of smoothing the corrugations, as well as high power parameters of the process when smoothing the corrugations along the entire surface of the workpiece flange. The process is implemented in enterprises with small-scale production.

To increase the productivity of the drawing process with deliberate corrugation and reduce the power parameters, processes and designs of presses with continuous working strokes of the punch and die clamp have been developed. In this case, the clamp makes circular oscillatory movements with an oscillation angle sufficient to create a free zone between the matrix and the clamp for corrugation and continuous smoothing of the corrugations.

A press is known for deep drawing of sheet parts [2], in which the mechanism of the clamping pressure includes a carrier, with an installed stamp clamp, a hydraulic carrier, made of at least three hydraulic cylinders, equally spaced around the circumference relative to the axis of the press and alternately included in the operation, providing oscillatory motion during continuous working stroke of the punch.

A known press with a device for creating circular oscillatory motion of the clamp [3], in which the drive plate of the clip, made in the form of a truncated cone, receives rotation from the electric motor, and the force is transmitted through special thrust roller bearings, the surfaces of which are equidistant to the corresponding surfaces of the drive plate. The experience of introducing the press of the PGKV-1 model with this device showed that the productivity of the process by vibrational exhaust is 4-5 times higher than that of a pulsating exhaust, and the power parameters when smoothing corrugations are reduced by 6-8 times.

The main drawback of the design of presses with oscillatory movement of the clamp is the limited dimensions of the parts to be drawn. Presses are used mainly for the extraction of parts of cylindrical and box-shaped forms with an aspect ratio of close to 1: 1. When extracting rectangular parts, the internal size (diameter) of the vibration mechanisms is determined by the dimensions of the diagonal of the part in plan. In this case, the area of application of the effort to smooth the corrugations on the straight long sides of the part can go beyond the workpiece, which will lead to a significant increase in the thickness of the drive plates transmitting the smoothing force of the corrugations.

In the design of a double-action hydraulic press [4], adopted as a prototype, the oscillation mechanism is made in the form of a group of rods mounted on one side of the axis of the press and pivotally connected to the drive plate and clamp, and a group of hydraulic cylinders placed on the other side of the axis of the press, whose rods and bodies are also connected to the drive plate and clamp. By informing the drive plate, pulsating movements with a given amplitude ensure the conversion of pulsating movements into rocking movements of the carrier plate with a clamp. The design of the press will allow the manufacture of parts of various shapes, including large, rectangular. The design of the press has a number of drawbacks: the difficulty of adjusting the effort to smooth the corrugations, since it is set when smoothing the corrugations from the rods - by the force of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive plate, when smoothing the corrugations from the opposite side - by the force of the hydraulic cylinders of the plate - drove the clamp. Another disadvantage is the inability to control the swing amplitude of the carrier, since it depends on the length of the rigid rods. In addition, the technological capabilities of the press are limited due to the presence of only one swing plane, as well as insufficient rigidity of the vibration mechanism unit from the action of side loads when smoothing the corrugations.

The main objective of the invention is the creation of a press design for deep drawing of hollow sheet parts with increased reliability and advanced technological capabilities.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase reliability and expand the technological capabilities of the press.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the press for deep drawing of hollow sheet parts containing a bed and a traverse, interconnected by columns, a punch placed on a traverse, a hydraulic drive to move the punch, a slider mounted to move along the columns, a hydraulic drive to move the slide, clamp installed with the possibility of swinging movement and node swinging movement of the clip, according to the proposed technical solution,

the node of the swinging motion of the clamp is made in the form of at least four hydraulic cylinders located on the upper surface of the slider, a drive plate made with a spherical surface and connected by means of ball bearings to the rods of the said hydraulic cylinders, and a central sleeve with a spherical bearing surface mounted on the lower surface of the slider with ensuring the interaction of the aforementioned spherical surfaces of the Central sleeve and the drive plate, while the clamp is fixed to the drive plate, and the hydraulic cylinders Position the equal distance from the press axis to provide a Oscillation drive plate;

hydraulic cylinders are located on both sides relative to the axis of the press with the possibility of ensuring the oscillating movement of the drive plate in two planes that coincide with the largest and smallest axes of symmetry of the press.

Comparative analysis with the prototype and other technical solutions show that the drive mechanism, consisting of hydraulic cylinders, the rods of which alternately reciprocate, passing them to the clamp drive plate, is known. The novelty of the claimed press lies in the fact that when placing the hydraulic cylinders (at least four) of the oscillating motion of the clamp on the press slider on both sides of the axis, the press has two swing planes. An additional criterion of novelty is the provision of a more rigid and reliable design from the action of lateral loads when smoothing the corrugations as a result of the placement of the swing hydraulic cylinders on the slider of the press, centered and moved along the columns of the press.

In addition, as a result of the separation of the workpiece clamp hydraulic cylinders and the stamp clamp swing into independent from each other, it is possible to more accurately adjust the process parameters (pressure, swing amplitude).

 These differences made it possible to give the press new properties, increasing reliability and expanding technological capabilities.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the press; in FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the press in the initial position before drawing; in FIG. 3 shows a section of a press on hydraulic cylinders of a drive of swinging movements of a clip; in FIG. 4 - the same, when smoothing the corrugations on the left; in FIG. 5 - the same, when smoothing the corrugations on the right; in FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the connection to the operation of the hydraulic cylinders of the swinging motion of the clamp.

The main components and parts of the press:

- power frame, including bed 1, crosshead 2, slider 3, interconnected by columns 4 (Fig. 1; 2);

- hydraulic drive to move the punch, consisting of a hydraulic cylinder 5, placed on the traverse 2. To the tail of the rod is attached a slider 8 of the punch 12 (Fig. 1; 2);

- hydraulic drive to move the slider, consisting of two hydraulic cylinders 6 located on the traverse 2 (Fig. 1; 2);

- the node of the swinging motion of the clip, including hydraulic cylinders 7 (Fig. 3), placed on the upper surface of the slider, on the lower surface of the Central sleeve 9 with a spherical bearing surface (Fig. 2);

- the drive plate 10 with a reciprocal spherical surface interacts with the Central sleeve 9. The rods of the hydraulic cylinders 7 through ball bearings 11 are connected to the drive plate, providing it with oscillating movements (Fig. 3). The clamp clamp 13 is fixed to the drive plate.

In FIG. Figure 6 shows the connection diagrams of the four hydraulic cylinders of the drive of the swinging motion of the clamp; in the diagram 6a, the swing plane coincides with the largest axis of symmetry of the press, in diagram 6b - with the smallest axis of symmetry of the press.

The choice of the scheme during stamping-hood with swinging clamp of the stamp is determined by the nomenclature of parts, the program for the production of parts. When drawing parts from high-strength materials, option 6a is preferred. In this case, with those power parameters, large specific pressures of smoothing the corrugations are achieved due to the smaller contact line of the clamp with the workpiece. When extracting parts, with small efforts to smooth the corrugations, the hydraulic cylinder connection scheme 6b is used, since in this case the process productivity is increased due to the reduction in the length of the clamp overlap line on the workpiece.

The implementation of a particular operating pattern of the pressure swing hydraulic cylinders is determined by the hydraulic system of the press.

Press works as follows.

On the press table, FIG. 2, the matrix 14 is installed, the clamp 13 is attached to the drive plate 10, the punch 12 is attached to the slider 8 of the stem of the punch hydraulic cylinder. A blank (not shown) is mounted on the matrix.

In the “Set-up” mode, at idle (accelerated) stroke, the punch 12 and clamp 13 are brought in contact with the workpiece. The operating parameters of the process are set: pressure in the hydraulic cylinders of the punch 5, clamp 6 and swing 7 of the clamp, working speed of the punch, frequency and amplitude of the swinging movements clip.

When switching to the "Automatic exhaust" mode, a command is given to simultaneously turn on the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 7 of the drive of the punch and swinging movements of the clamp. A continuous continuous stroke of the punch is carried out, forming a part, and accompanied by the formation of corrugations on the flange part of the workpiece in the part of the workpiece free from pressure. At the same time, the reciprocating strokes of the hydraulic cylinder rods of the swinging motion of the clamp are performed, in which the clamp rolls over the workpiece, smoothing the corrugations. The clamp is in constant contact with the workpiece in the local contact zone while continuously moving the contact zone along the workpiece. Hydraulic cylinders 6 maintain constant the required pressure and clamping force of the workpiece.

The technical and economic effect of the use of the invention is due to the expansion of the range of parts transferred to the hood with corrugation. In industry, a single-junction hood with corrugation was introduced in the manufacture of parts up to 200 mm in size (pulsating hood press model PGV-1) [5]. From an analysis of the nomenclature of hollow parts of aviation industry enterprises, about 25% of large-sized parts with a plan size of up to 700 mm are made by multi-junction hoods, flexible ones — by welding, stamping on falling hammers with high laboriousness, cost and low quality.

Information sources

1. AC. 183709 USSR, cl. 7c, 15, IPC B21D. Double-acting hydraulic press / E.S. Sizov, A.M. Strunin, V.D. Razumilov, I.V. Kozlov, K.G. Sizova. Stated March 25, 63 (No. 826698 / 25-27). Publ. 07/09/65, Bull. Number 14.

2. AC. 1127143 USSR, M.C. ² B21D 22/02. Press for deep drawing of sheet parts / E.S. Sizov, V.R. Alaverdov, S.A. Dorokhin A.G. Khlebnikov, Sh.R. Ziganshin, B.Z. Boguslovsky, L.S. Smolnikov, N.I. Lashunov, G.P. Kulchitsky. Declared 05.09.79 (No. 2816161 / 25-27).

3. AC. 1771127. Device for presses for deep drawing / Dorokhin S.A. Stated May 22, 1990 (4828041/27).

4. Patent 2013165, IPC B21D 22/20. Double-acting hydraulic press / E.S. Sizov, V.R. Alaverdov, B.Z. Boguslovsky, S.A. Dorokhin. Declared April 9, 1991. Published on May 30, 1994 (prototype).

5. Industry standard OST1. 76626-78. The pulsating presses. Types, basic parameters and sizes. M.NIAT, 1979.- 32 p.

Claims (2)

1. A press for deep drawing of hollow sheet parts, comprising a bed and a beam, interconnected by columns, a punch placed on a beam, a hydraulic drive for moving the punch, a slider mounted for moving along columns, a hydraulic drive for moving the slider, a clip mounted for swinging motion and the node of the swinging motion of the clip, characterized in that the node of the swinging motion of the clip is made in the form of at least four hydraulic cylinders located on the upper surface of the slide, a water plate made with a spherical surface and connected by means of ball bearings to the rods of said hydraulic cylinders, and a central sleeve with a spherical bearing surface, a mating spherical surface of the drive plate mounted on the lower surface of the slider to ensure interaction of the said spherical surfaces of the central sleeve and the drive plate, while the clamp is mounted on the drive plate, and the hydraulic cylinders are located at an equal distance from the axis of the press with the possibility of providing rocking drive plate movements. 2. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders are located on both sides relative to the axis of the press with the possibility of providing a swinging movement of the drive plate in two planes coinciding with the largest and smallest axes of symmetry of the press.

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