RU2698409C1 - Object locating system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: signaling devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of signaling devices, namely devices, which signal the location of the moving object with transmission of signals to the central station, and can be used for monitoring movement of vehicles and cargo, passengers and service personnel of vehicles, personnel of enterprises, as well as persons whose movement is subject to control. To achieve the result, the system comprises a central server of the complex, at least one user workstation, at least one complex reference node, at least two spatially spaced high-frequency wireless readers, at least one low-frequency radiator, as well as radio tags.

EFFECT: technical result achieved when implementing the developed system consists in enabling fast search of moving objects, as well as movable property on the territory of hazardous production facilities and classified facilities using active radio frequency identification systems.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of signaling devices, namely, devices signaling the location of a moving object with the transmission of signals to a central station, and can be used to monitor the movement of vehicles and goods, passengers and maintenance personnel of vehicles, personnel of enterprises, as well as persons moving which is subject to control.

Known (WO, application 0106401, published January 25, 2001) is a system for monitoring the movement and condition of moving objects, containing a plurality of radio frequency identifiers connected or fixed to moving objects, interacting with readers installed at fixed known distances and transmitting information to a central controller, providing information analysis to determine the location and status of moving objects.

The disadvantage of this system is the difficulty of organizing control over a moving path, which has a considerable length, since the organization of the transfer of information from readers to a remote central point where the controller that collects information is located is associated with significant costs and is not always economically feasible. In addition, in conditions of deterioration of communication, information may be lost.

Also known (RU, patent 2117394, publ. 10.08.1998) method and system for tracking a mobile device. When implementing the method, information about the initial location of this mobile device is generated, an information message about the initial location of this mobile device is transmitted from the mobile device, and an information message describing the border corresponding to the border of the territory under the relevant jurisdiction is received on the mobile device, when the mobile device is outside the border, after which the information message is transmitted eniya current location of the mobile unit. The known system comprises a mobile device and a control device, and a location sensor, a transceiver, a memory unit and a processor connected to a location sensor, a memory unit and a transceiver are introduced on the mobile device, and the control device contains a transceiver for exchanging data with the transceiver of the mobile device, block memory and a processor connected to the transceiver and to the control unit.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution should be recognized its scale, because it is able to work effectively only in large areas.

Known (RU patent 2594019, publ. 08/10/2016) is a system for estimating the location of an object indoors using a satellite signal generating device in order to provide an inextricable environment for a position estimation system in which a free transition between location estimates outside and indoors is carried out without change hardware and software of the user terminal, the system includes: a receiving antenna for receiving satellite signals; a central controller for periodically receiving and storing real-time satellite information updates for all existing satellites, obtaining satellite time from satellite signals received by the receiving antenna, and selecting at least 4 satellites available for position estimation, taking into account updated information from all existing satellites based on satellite time information; and at least one device for generating a satellite signal, receiving satellite numbers assigned by the central controller, and generating satellite signals corresponding to satellite numbers that have been assigned by the central controller; wherein the central controller calculates the distances between the existing satellites and the corresponding satellite signal generating device for the selected satellite numbers based on the actual coordinates of the orbits of the respective satellites and establishing the location coordinates of the respective satellite signal generating devices, and sends the transmission delay time, calculated as the ratio of the calculated distance to the speed of light corresponding to the satellite signal generating apparatus and the last why the satellite signal generating device generates satellite signals corresponding to the selected satellites, so that there is a delay equal to the transmission delay time received from the central controller.

A disadvantage of the known system should recognize the technical complexity of its implementation, due to the use of satellites complexity.

This source of information is accepted as the closest analogue of the developed technical solution.

The technical problem on which the developed system is aimed is to develop a universal system for determining the location of increased accuracy inside and out.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the developed system is to provide the ability to quickly search for moving objects, as well as movable property on the territory of hazardous production facilities and sensitive enterprises using active radio frequency identification systems.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use the developed system for determining the location of an object indoors. The developed system contains a central server of the complex, at least one user workstation, at least one reference node of the complex, at least two high-frequency radio readers spaced in space, at least one low-frequency radiator, as well as radio tags the central server of the complex is an industrial PC with installed software, the user's workplace is a personal computer with installed software and made with the possibility of connecting it to a video display and video switching system that allows you to display the required amount of graphic information at the same time, the reference node of the complex is a hardware-software complex that is capable of reading RFID tags and identifying their characteristics, followed by transmitting the received information about the read tag to a central server complex, a high-frequency radio reader is made in the form of a hardware-software device having an interface for communication with the central server of the complex via IP, a radio interface for exchanging data with personal RFID tags, an interface for controlling low-frequency emitters, and 2 “dry contacts” for controlling external devices, a low-frequency emitter is made in the form of a hardware-software device emitting a low-frequency radio signal containing information about its identifier and configured to receive RFID tags, a personal RFID tag is a hardware-software device for personal use made with the possibility of interacting with beacons and readers over the radio interface, containing at least one programmable buttons, miniature size and low power consumption, while the system is configured to dock with external systems by connecting them to the “dry contact” connector or over the IP network.

The RFID tag used may further comprise a three-axis motion sensor and / or at least one “panic” button.

The system may additionally include at least one beacon, the principle of which is based on the generation of a low-frequency electromagnetic signal with a frequency of 125 kHz, modulated by an individual beacon code.

The system may be further configured to control external actuators.

The developed information management system of high accuracy is designed for quick search of personnel, as well as movable property, both indoors and outdoors.

The principal feature of the developed system is the automatic selection of the operating mode with a radio tag or the operating mode with a satellite signal:

If a RFID tag is detected, the system automatically selects the RFID tag positioning mode.

In the absence of a radio tag, but the presence of a satellite signal, the system automatically selects a positioning mode based on satellite signals.

In the absence of both a radio tag and a satellite signal, the system issues an alarm.

The system contains the following functional components: Radio tag (wearable device) - a functional element, structurally made in the form of a chest keychain, emitting its identification code and additional information at a given frequency at a given frequency. In the universal positioning system, the RFID tag also contains a satellite signal receiver that transmits the corresponding data via the cellular network to the data center.

A radio reader (stationary device) is a functional element that performs the functions of receiving signals from RFID tags, captures the reception time with a given accuracy and transfers information to a central server for further processing. A beacon (stationary device) is a functional element that performs the functions of emitting a low-frequency electromagnetic signal of controlled radius of action, modulated by the identification code of the beacon.

Data Processing Center (DPC) - a set of software installed on a server platform that performs the processing and storage of information received from radio readers. The data center includes:

Real-time data processing server - software that performs the function of receiving information packets from radio tags from radio readers accompanied by time-stamps, calculating the local coordinates of radio tags, transferring the received data to a database server and for further processing to the access server.

Database server - database software that performs the functions of archiving the coordinates of RFID tags in time for further processing, as well as a map of the controlled object in local coordinates.

Access server - software that prepares data for user applications (user workstation) and system administrator.

Report generator - software that performs the functions of preparing reports and visualizing data based on archives stored in the database.

User workstation (RMP) - a set of software installed on a personal computer that performs the function of visualizing the results of the functioning of the system.

Administrator workplace (РМА) - a set of software installed on a personal computer that performs the functions of administering the system software and hardware.

A high-precision source of a time scale is equipment that includes a high-precision clock with the ability to adjust from GLONASS / GPC satellite radio navigation systems. It performs the functions of synchronizing the time scales of radio readers with an accuracy of at least 10 nanoseconds, as well as organizing a channel for transmitting information packets received by radio readers from radio tags to a real-time data processing server.

The system operates as follows.

The signal emitted by the RFID tag is sent to the receiver of the RF readers located in the RFID range. The reference generators and hardware clocks of all the radio readers in the system are synchronized from a single high-precision source of the time scale.

The radio reader controller generates a message for the data processing server indicating the time of receiving data from the RFID tag.

The time of receiving the information packet is recorded with an accuracy of 10 nanoseconds, which corresponds to the accuracy of determining the location of the RFID tag no worse than 3 meters (293796609 m / s × 10ns = 2.93 m, where 293796609 m / s is the speed of light in air).

Based on data received from at least 2 radio readers, the real-time data processing server calculates the location of the RFID tag.

The reference generator of the radio reader is adjusted from a high-precision source of the time scale by calculating the phase difference between the clock frequency of the SynchroEthernet channel synchronized from the GLONASS / GPS SRNS and the clock frequency of the reference generator, followed by compensation of the measured phase difference.

Adjustment of the hardware clock of the radio reader is carried out by calculating the discrepancy of the time scales between the high-precision source and the radio reader with subsequent dynamic compensation of the measured discrepancy and taking into account delays in the connecting cables.

As a device for synchronizing time scales and transmitting data from radio readers, the “Primary Reference Source - Time Synchronization Server SSV-01G”, manufactured by Innostar LLC, is used. In the process of performing work on this product, an additional data transmission and synchronization module via the SynchroEthernet channel will be developed.

In a universal positioning system, the RFID tag (wearable device) comprises a satellite signal receiver, which operates as follows.

GPS-receiver allows you to get the orbital coordinates per day of all satellites, the time accurate to the nanosecond, the current date and the exact time the message was sent. Such information is sent by each satellite. The GPS receiver calculates the distance to it, and when receiving information from several satellites, their relative position, as well as their own coordinates.

To determine simply the position on the terrain (latitude and longitude), you will need to catch a signal of at least three satellites, and if you also need altitude above sea level - at least four. This applies to any satellite receiver. Of course, the more signals the receiver catches, the more accurately and quickly its location is determined.

The principle of determining the coordinates of the receiver is quite simple. They are obtained by the method of return serifs from transmitters of satellites. First things first. The transmitter and receiver have a precision watch. In the satellite they are atomic with an error of 10 ^-9 seconds / year. In receivers, watches are simpler, but also much more accurate than wrist watches. The transmitter sends an encoded signal with data on the transmission time, its orbit and coordinates, and much more. The signal at the speed of light reaches the receiver and is processed by it. Transmission and reception times differ by a small amount, but it is from these data that you can determine the distance to the satellite. Therefore, the clock must be very accurate. Distance is speed times time. By multiplying the speed of light and the propagation time of the signal, the spatial notch is determined. And so it is with all satellite signals.

It turns out that at each moment of time the receiver receives simultaneously signals from several satellites and determines its location relative to them. It is clear that the satellites are constantly moving in different orbits, and the receiver does not stand still. Consideration of these and other factors lies with the computing power of the receiver and ground control centers of the system.

It should be noted that the satellites transmit signals in encoded form at two modulated frequencies above. Navigation receivers that do not have special decoders (paid) can only process “rough” open code sent by transmitters. A random, minor error was deliberately introduced into it. And it is she who determines such a low accuracy of conventional navigators. This is done for commercial reasons - you need to buy an “unspoiled frequency”. Household navigators have enough open source accuracy, so they are not that expensive.

The receiver of satellite signals of the RFID tag transmits the results of its work over the cellular communication network to the Data Processing Center, which calculates and stores the local coordinates of RFID tags.

Installing a three-coordinate motion sensor in an individual RFID tag allows you to control the physiological characteristics of an employee to a certain level. The natural movement of the body (including breathing) will trigger the sensor. In addition, this technology will allow you to determine a situation where an employee for some reason did not take an individual RFID tag, leaving it stationary.

An individual RFID tag preferably contains at least one “alarm” button. The scenario of the system response to a button press must be programmed by the administrator.

In the case where precise localization of the location of an individual RFID tag is required, for example, the entrance door zone, it is proposed to use additional equipment - beacons, the principle of which is based on the generation of a low-frequency electromagnetic signal with a frequency of 125 KHz, modulated by an individual beacon code. Using this additional method, localization of the location of RFID tags with an accuracy of 1 meter is possible.

It is rational to use radio beacons to control passageways and entrance doors, or control points of personnel movement. Each beacon is programmed to operate zone radius. The built-in function of controlling external actuators, such as door locks, allows employees with appropriate access rights to the corresponding security zone to open the door without using a key. If the RFID tag falls into the range of the beacon that controls this passage, an unlocking control action is applied to the lock. The lock thus opens with a simple click on the handle.

To implement this function, it is supposed to use a specialized electromechanical lock. It is an electromechanical solenoidal lock for solid doors with handle control. Suitable for use in front doors, as the inner handle always opens the door. The lock is fixed automatically when closing the door; crossbar exit 14 and 20 mm. The inner handle always works. The outer handle is controlled by external force. If there is a control action, the outer handle acts; if absent, it does not work.

As a result of integration, the following functions will be implemented:

- ensuring the identification of "friend / foe" when fixing by CCTV systems penetration into controlled security zones (for example, a passage into the subway tunnel); providing video support for the assigned employee;

- providing video support for the assigned employee.

The developed system can be used to ensure technological safety in buildings and on the territory of bus and train stations, airports, subways, monitor the movement of excursion groups around the premises of museums and exhibitions, control the location, route, timetable and physical condition of employees of special and commercial facilities, monitoring the location of attending personnel and movable equipment in medical institutions, staff support Security support for patients, monitoring equipment.

Claims (3)

1. The system for determining the location of the object, characterized in that it contains a central server of the complex, at least one reference node of the complex, at least two spatially spaced high-frequency radio readers, at least one low-frequency emitter - a beacon, as well as RFID tags, with the central the server of the complex is an industrial PC with installed software, the reference node of the complex is a software and hardware complex, configured to reading RFID tags and identifying their characteristics, followed by transferring the received information about the RFID tag to the central server of the complex, the high-frequency radio reader is made in the form of a hardware-software device that has an interface for communicating with the central server of the complex via an IP network, a radio interface for exchanging data with personal RFID tags, an interface control of low-frequency emitters - beacons, as well as two "dry contacts" for controlling external devices, low-frequency emitters eh - a radio beacon is made in the form of a hardware-software device emitting a low-frequency radio signal containing information about its identifier and configured to receive a radio tag, a radio tag is a personal-use hardware-software device configured to interact with beacons and readers over the radio interface, containing, at least a three-axis motion sensor and one "alarm" button, as well as characterized by miniature size and low power consumption by heating, while the system is configured to dock with external systems by connecting them to the “dry contact” connector or via an IP network. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one radio beacon, the principle of which is based on the generation of a low-frequency electromagnetic signal with a frequency of 125 kHz, modulated by an individual code of the beacon. 3. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it is additionally configured to control external actuators.