RU2693012C1 - System and method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electronics.SUBSTANCE: use: in electrical engineering for monitoring and controlling electrical devices. Monitoring system includes a power supply line of electrical devices connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices and connected to at least one switching module for connection of an electrical device. Switching module of electric device connection has processor located in housing, connected through data transmission unit with data transmission line, processor is also connected to power supply unit of switching module and galvanic decoupling unit, which is connected to power channel of electric device connection.EFFECT: technical result is possibility of monitoring and control of electrical devices when connecting them with one cable.11 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates .

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, more specifically to methods and systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, including a power supply line of electrical devices, connected to a controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and connected to at least one switching module connecting electrical devices .

The prior art of the system.

According to the first of its parties, the present invention relates to a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, which includes a power supply line of electrical devices connected to a monitoring controller and control of electrical devices, and connected to at least one switching module connecting electrical devices .

Such a system is described in the RF patent for useful model No. 152467, published on May 27, 2015.

This system is the closest to the technical essence and the achieved technical result and selected for the prototype of the present invention as a device.

The disadvantage of this prototype is the impossibility of simply switching devices through a single cable, which makes it impossible to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting devices using a single cable. In addition, this system has other disadvantages:

• impossibility of simple design of any systems.

• impossibility of simple system scaling,

• impossibility to reconstruct existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and management, and at the same time reducing the number of switching wires.

Disclosure of the invention as a system.

The present invention mainly aims to propose a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, allowing at least to smooth out at least one of the above disadvantages, namely, to enable monitoring and control of electrical devices when they are connected to each other. cable, which is a solvable task.

To achieve this goal, the electrical device connection module has a processor located in the case, connected via a data transmission unit to the data line, the processor is also connected to the power module of the switching module and galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to the power channel connecting the electric device.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it is possible to connect electrical devices, such as power plants, sensors and other things, to the monitoring and control controller via a switching module connecting electrical devices, which allows you to continue building up the system by connecting new electrical devices through a single cable.

In addition, it enables the simple design of any systems, you do not need to solve the problem of complex electrical communication each time, which is important when the system includes a large number of different electrical devices, for example, the Smart Home system or any complex cleaning system.

In addition, this allows simple scaling of an already existing system; if necessary, at any moment without any alteration of the system, it is possible to add new electrical devices. For example, in the existing Smart Home system, which controls electrical devices inside the house and reads information from sensors located inside the house, simply add any sensors or electrical devices located outside the house, for example, the Smart Garden subsystem with automatic lighting and irrigation.

In addition, what is also important, it enables the reconstruction of existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and control, and at the same time reducing the number of switching wires. That is, existing sensors and various electrical devices can be reconnected through a single cable, simply by connecting the proposed electrical device connection module everywhere.

There is an embodiment of the invention in which the system includes a converter configured to add a data link and power supply signal to a total signal in a power supply line connected to an electrical device monitoring and control controller, and an inverse converter configured to extract an information signal from the total a power line signal connected to each electrical device connection module.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it is possible to achieve all of the above by connecting not only one cable, but also one line that combines both power supply and transmission of information signals. This further simplifies the design, installation and reconstruction of various systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

There is also a variant of the invention in which the case of the switching module is made waterproof.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to use a switching module in liquid media, for example, in tanks with pumping equipment or in natural environmental conditions, in the open air, in water bodies.

There is also a variant of the invention in which the power line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to protect each phase with a separate fuse.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to automatically turn off electrical equipment in the event of a short circuit or excess of monitored parameters.

There is also an embodiment of the invention in which the switching module includes at least one temperature sensor of the device.

Due to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to control the temperature of the device, and automatically generate control signals when the specified temperature parameters are exceeded.

There is another variant of the invention in which the switching module includes at least one current sensor for each phase.

Due to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to control the current intensity for each phase and automatically generate control signals when the current parameters are exceeded for each phase.

There is also a variant of the invention in which the power line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously.

Thanks to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to control each phase separately or synchronously.

Finally, there is a variant of the invention in which the processor of the switching module is configured to turn off the connected electrical devices when the predetermined load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded.

Due to this advantageous characteristic, it is possible to control the pre-set values for the load and automatically generate control signals when the preset values for the load for each of the electrical devices are exceeded.

Thus, in this invention the task is set - the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting them together with one cable. The problem is solved using the above characteristics.

The level of technology method.

Another aspect of the present invention is to a method of monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power supply line of electrical devices is connected to a monitoring and control controller of electrical devices.

This method is described in the description of the work of the system according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 152467, published on May 27, 2015.

This method is the closest to the technical essence and the achieved technical result and selected for the prototype of the present invention.

The disadvantage of this prototype is also the impossibility of simply switching devices using a single cable, which makes it impossible to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting devices using a single cable. In addition, this method has other disadvantages:

• impossibility of simple design of any systems.

• impossibility of simple system scaling,

• impossibility to reconstruct existing systems, while improving the quality of monitoring and management, and at the same time reducing the number of switching wires

Disclosure of the invention as a method.

Based on this original observation, the present invention mainly aims to provide a method for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power supply line of electrical devices is connected to an electrical monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, allowing at least one of these to be smoothed out. above disadvantages, namely: to provide the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when they are connected to each other with one cable, which is to solve tasks.

To achieve this goal, the method includes the following steps:

• connect the power supply line of the electrical devices with at least one switching module connecting the electrical device having a processor located in the housing,

• connect the processor through the data transfer unit with the data line,

• connect the processor also to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which

• connect to the power channel connecting the electrical device,

• to control electrical devices, they transmit control signals to the switching module of the electrical device connection, through the controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and then to the electrical device itself,

• to monitor the state of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the electrical device connecting module.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it is possible to connect electrical devices, such as power plants, sensors and other things, to the monitoring and control controller via a switching module connecting electrical devices, which allows you to continue building up the system by connecting new electrical devices through a single cable.

In addition, it enables the simple design of any systems, you do not need to solve the problem of complex electrical communication each time, which is important when the system includes a large number of different electrical devices, for example, the Smart Home system or any complex cleaning system.

In addition, this allows simple scaling of an already existing system; if necessary, at any moment without any alteration of the system, it is possible to add new electrical devices. For example, in the existing Smart Home system, which controls electrical devices inside the house and reads information from sensors located inside the house, simply add any sensors or electrical devices located outside the house, for example, the Smart Garden subsystem with automatic lighting and irrigation.

There is a variant of the invention in which the method includes the following steps, in which the signal of the data transmission line and power supply is added to the total signal in the power supply line through a converter connected to the monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, and when it is fed to each switching module electrical device emit through the inverter connected to the specified switching module, the information signal from the total signal in the power line Tania.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it is possible to achieve all of the above by connecting not only one cable, but also one line that combines both power supply and transmission of information signals. This further simplifies the design, installation and reconstruction of various systems for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

There is another variant of the invention in which the connected electrical devices are automatically disconnected when the pre-set load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded using a switching module processor.

Thanks to these advantageous characteristics, it is possible to automatically disconnect the connected electrical devices when the pre-set load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded using a switching module processor.

Brief description of the drawings.

Other distinctive features and advantages of the invention clearly follow from the description below for illustration and not being restrictive, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

- figure 1 schematically depicts the device system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention,

- figure 2 schematically depicts the device switching module of the system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention,

- figure 3 schematically depicts the steps of the method of monitoring and control of electrical devices according to the invention

- figure 4 depicts the interface of the controller control program when implementing the method of monitoring and controlling electrical devices according to the invention.

According to FIG. 1, a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices 1 includes a power supply line of electrical devices 1 connected to a controller 2 monitoring and controlling electrical devices 1, and connected to at least one switching module 3 connecting electrical devices 1. Switching module 3, the electrical device has a processor 31 located in the housing 30 and connected via a data transmission unit 32 to a data transmission line. The processor 31 is also connected to the power supply 33 of the switching module and the galvanic decoupling unit 34, which is connected to the power channel connecting the electrical device. In the figures, three channels are shown at once for the three-phase network variant, indicated as 351, 352, 353.

The system optionally includes a converter 41 configured to add a data line signal (for example, made according to the RS485 standard) and a power supply into a total signal on the power supply line connected to the controller 2 for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and an inverse converter 42 made with the ability to extract the information signal from the total signal in the power supply line, connected to each switching module 3 connection of an electrical device.

The figure 1 shows the operator console 5, which is connected by a data line. In this case, the data transmission lines are indicated by a dotted line, and the power supply lines are marked by a thick line. The letter N denotes the "Earth", and L - phase. That is, it can be seen that the system can be remotely controlled, for example, using a computer that acts as an operator’s console 5, which can be connected to the controller 2 via a wireless network.

The housing 31 of the switching module can be optionally made waterproof.

The power supply line of electrical devices may have several phases, and the switching module 3 may be configured to protect each phase with a separate fuse. Shown as 361, 362, 363.

The switching module may include at least one device temperature sensor. Marked as 37.

The switching module includes at least one current sensor 38 for each phase.

The power supply line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously.

The processor of the switching module is configured to disconnect the connected electrical devices when the pre-set load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded.

The data transfer unit 32 is a receiver and transmitter of the RS485 physical data transfer protocol.

The power supply unit 33 can be made in the form of a power supply unit of 220 V and a power of 3 Watts; it provides the switching module 3 with a constant voltage of 5V and a current of 500 mA. The transformer of the power supply unit can play the role of a voltage sensor with galvanic isolation from the 220 volt network.

The processor 31 with integrated ADC collects analog data from current, voltage and temperature sensors, provides the logic of the MODBAS slave protocol, and provides a protective function against overheating and overcurrent.

Current effect sensors 38 based on the Hall effect provide accurate monitoring of the current load with minimal losses. In the role of each current sensor for each channel can be ACS712.

The galvanic isolation unit 34 can be performed as an MOC3083-based optocoupler, which provides galvanic isolation of low-voltage power circuits, and also switches the load at zero crossing.

The figure 2 also shows the connector for connecting the following switching device as 39.

The implementation of the invention.

The system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices operates as follows.

Stage A1. Pre-connect the power supply line of electrical devices with the monitoring and control controller of electrical devices.

Stage A2. Connect the power line of the electrical devices with at least one switching module connecting the electrical device having a processor located in the housing.

Stage A3. Connect the processor through the data transfer unit with the data line.

Stage A4. The signal of the data transmission line and power supply is added to the sum signal in the power supply line through a converter connected to the controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices.

Stage A5. When submitting it to each switching module connecting the electrical device, through the inverter connected to the specified switching module, the information signal from the total signal in the power supply line is separated.

Stage A6. The processor is also connected to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit.

Stage A7. Connect with the power channel connecting the electrical device.

Stage A8. To control electrical devices, control signals are transmitted to the electrical equipment connecting module via the monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, and then to the electrical device itself.

Stage A9. To monitor the status of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device.

Stage A10. Automatically disconnect the connected electrical devices when the pre-set load values for each of the electrical devices are exceeded using a switching module processor.

Industrial Applicability.

The proposed system for monitoring and control of electrical devices can be implemented by a specialist in practice and in implementation ensures the implementation of the stated purpose, which allows to conclude that the criterion of "industrial applicability" for the invention.

In accordance with the proposed invention, a prototype of a system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices has been manufactured.

Monitoring and control of electrical devices was carried out through the controller, which was displayed on a computer, on the screen of which control and control were displayed in the form of MODBUS registers, see FIG. four.

The purpose of the MODBUS registers was as follows:

0 - Channel 351, values 0-3

0. Turn off channel 351

1. Enable channel 351

2. Turn off all channels (351,352,353)

3. Include all channels (351,352,353)

1 - Channel 352, value 0.1-65535

0. Turn off channel 352

1. Enable the channel, any value greater than 1 includes the channel.

2 - Channel 353, value 0.1-65535

0. Turn off channel 353

1. Enable the channel, any value greater than 1 includes the channel.

3 - Current consumption channel 351, error to 100mA

4 - Current consumption by channel 352, error up to 100mA

5 - Current consumption by channel 353, error up to 100mA

6 - device temperature, protection turns off the channels at a device temperature of 80 ° C. The readings are corrected by entering the correct value in the register.

7 - Current consumption limit on channel 351, 0-20000mA

8 - Current consumption limit on channel 352, 0-20000mA

9 - Current consumption limit on channel 353, 0-20000 mA

10 - Address in the MODBAS network

11 - Baudrate

0. 9600

1. 14400

2. 19200

3. 38400

4. 57600

5. 115200

12 - Stop bit

0. 1bit

1. 2bit

13 - Power supply voltage between Phase 1 and zero 170-270V, error 3%. The readings are corrected by entering the correct value in the register.

14 - Total Power Consumption

15 - Error

0. - The device is operating normally

1. - The current threshold of 20,000 mA for 40ms has been exceeded.

2. - The specified current limit was exceeded

3. - Too frequent requests on the MODBAS network

4. - Temperature exceeded 0 ° C - 80 ° C

Tests of the prototype system have shown that it provides the ability to:

 - rapid design,

- simple connection of all nodes,

- connect both sensors for data collection and power units for control,

- connect all nodes with one cable.

Thus, due to the fact that in the system the switching module connecting the electrical device has a processor located in the housing connected via a data transmission unit to the data line, the processor is also connected to the power supply module of the switching module and galvanic isolation unit connected to the power connection channel electrical device and in the way

• connect the power supply line of the electrical devices with at least one switching module connecting the electrical device having a processor located in the housing,

• connect the processor through the data transfer unit with the data line,

• connect the processor also to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which

• connect to the power channel connecting the electrical device,

• to control electrical devices, they transmit control signals to the switching module of the electrical device connection, through the controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and then to the electrical device itself,

• to monitor the state of the electrical device, transmit signals from the processor of the electrical device connecting module

and the claimed technical result is achieved, namely: the ability to monitor and control electrical devices when connecting them together with one cable.

An additional useful technical result of the claimed invention is that it provides:

• possibility of simple design of any systems.

• the ability to easily scale the system.

• the possibility of reconstructing existing systems, improving the quality of monitoring and control, reducing the number of switching wires.

• cheaper and faster installation,

• cheaper and faster installation work,

• cheaper and faster commissioning of systems with electrical devices.

Claims (21)

1. A system for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, includes - power supply line of electrical devices, - connected to the controller for monitoring and controlling electrical devices, and - connected with at least one switching module connecting the electrical device, characterized in that - an electrical device connection switching module has a processor located in the case, connected via a data transmission unit to the data line, the processor is also connected to the power supply unit of the switching module and galvanic isolation unit, which is connected to the power channel connecting the electric device. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system includes a converter configured to add a data and power supply signal to a total signal in the power supply line connected to an electrical device monitoring and control controller and an inverse converter made the ability to extract the information signal from the total signal in the power supply line, connected to each switching module connecting the electrical device. 3. The system under item 1, characterized in that the case of the switching module is made waterproof. 4. The system under item 1, characterized in that the power line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is designed to protect each phase with a separate fuse. 5. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the switching module includes at least one temperature sensor device. 6. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the switching module includes at least one current sensor for each phase. 7. The system under item 1, characterized in that the power line of electrical devices has several phases, and the switching module is configured to control each phase separately or synchronously. 8. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the processor of the switching module is configured to turn off the connected electrical devices when exceeding the preset values for the load for each of the electrical devices. 9. A method of monitoring and controlling electrical devices, in which a power supply line of electrical devices is connected to a monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, characterized in that it includes the following steps: - connect the power line of the electric devices with at least one switching module connecting the electrical device having a processor located in the housing, - connect the processor through the data transfer unit with the data line, - connect the processor to the power supply unit of the switching module and the galvanic isolation unit, which - connect to the power channel connecting the electrical device, - to control electrical devices, the control signals are transmitted to the switching module of the electrical device connection and then to the electrical device itself via the monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, - to monitor the state of the electrical device transmit signals from the processor of the switching module connecting the electrical device. 10. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the method includes the following steps in which is added through a converter connected to the monitoring and control controller of electrical devices, the signal of the data and power supply line to the total signal in the power supply line, and for each switching module connecting the electrical device, through the inverter connected to the specified switching module, the information signal from the sum signal in the power line . 11. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that automatically turn off the connected electrical devices when exceeding the predetermined values for the load for each of the electrical devices using a switching module processor.

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