RU2680114C9 - Stand for assembling and welding railcar frame - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of welding, to devices for assembling and fixing lengthy frame structures for welding, in particular, to stands for assembling and welding the frame of a railroad car. Stand for assembling and welding the railcar frame contains a base, carrying conductors with basing and clamping devices mounted on them, conductors for front, pivot and intermediate beams, rammer and centering beam spindle. Stand is provided with a device for clamping the ridge beam to the horizontal support surfaces of the stand placed between the conductors for intermediate beams, conductors for front beams are provided with a table movable in vertical and horizontal planes, made with mechanisms of vertical and horizontal movement, and conductors for intermediate beams are equipped with a table movable in vertical plane with a mechanism of vertical movement.EFFECT: due to the presence of the possibility of mutual movement and positioning of the connected parts of the railcar frame, carried out in horizontal and vertical planes, the technological capabilities of the stand are expanded, and the quality of the railcar frame is improved.17 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to stands for installation, fixing and subsequent welding of the frame of a railway car.

Known stand for assembly and welding of car frames (B.G. Tsygan, A.B. Tsygan. Carriage structures. Manufacturing, modernization, repair / Monograph, edited by B.G. Tsygan. - Kremenchug: Publishing house "Kremenchug", 2005. - 751 pp., pp. 165-166.), containing a base and conductors with mounted on them basing and clamping devices.

Known stand for assembling car frames, Russian patent for utility model No. 89440, B23K 37/04, publ. 12/10/2009, containing a base carrying conductors with base and clamping devices mounted on them, including conductors for frontal, pivot and intermediate beams, a rammer, a center beam centralizer.

A common technical problem inherent in these devices is the inability to accurately position the connected frame parts to compensate for errors and inaccuracies in their manufacture.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the stand for assembling and welding the frame of a railway car by creating the possibility of mutual movement horizontally and vertically of a part of the joined frame parts for the purpose of their precise mutual positioning and clearance-free docking before welding.

The specified technical result is provided by a stand for assembling and welding the frame of a railway car, containing a base carrying conductors with base and clamping devices mounted on them, including conductors for frontal, pivot and intermediate beams, a rammer and centralizer of the center beam, conductors for frontal beams equipped with a table movable in vertical and horizontal planes with mechanisms for vertical and horizontal movement, conductors for intermediate beams are equipped with a table movable in a vertical plane, between the conductors for the frontal beams and the conductors for the pivot beams, centralizers of the center beam, which are made in the form of a horizontal support, are mounted on the base of the stand to accommodate the ends of the main beam and a clamping device containing horizontally movable gripping jaws that ensure the fixation of the main beam on the central axis of the stand, the stand is equipped with intermediate beams placed between the conductors a device for pressing the center beam to the horizontal supporting surfaces of the stand.

In the middle part of the stand, between the conductors for the intermediate beams, additional centralizers of the center beam can be mounted, containing horizontally movable gripping jaws that ensure the fixation of the center beam on the central axis of the stand.

The mechanism for the vertical movement of the tables of conductors for the frontal and intermediate beams can be made in the form of a manual drive, containing a lead screw with a drive handle at its end, the lead screw is made with sections with right and left threading, on which running nuts are installed, pivotally connected to the corresponding the upper ends of the first links, hinged and forming with the second links two hinged X-shaped multi-link mechanisms that provide rectilinear vertical movement of the tables of conductors, in these multi-link mechanisms, the lower ends of the first links are connected to the fixed base of the conductors, the upper ends of the second links carry the movable table of the corresponding conductor , their lower movable ends are connected with a spring.

The movable table of the conductor for the frontal beams can be equipped with a horizontally movable plate that carries the locating and clamping devices used to install and fasten the frontal beams, while the movable plate is installed on horizontal guides fixed on the movable table parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stand, to move the movable plate along the horizontal guide table is equipped with a drive in the form of a lead screw mounted in a bracket fixed on the movable table and interacting with its end with the movable plate.

The clamping devices installed on the conductors can be made in the form of rectilinearly movable clamps placed in the bearing brackets, or in the form of rotary clamps pivotally installed in the bearing racks, the clamps can be made in the form of manual screw drives with screw drives in the form of screw clamps, either as hydraulic or pneumatic clamps driven by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders.

To base the main beam in the longitudinal direction, a rammer and a base stop are used, designed to interact with any thrust element protruding beyond the transverse profile of the main beam, for example, a bracket for hanging the cover of one of the unloading hatches.

Sliding gripping jaws of the centralizer of the main beam can be equipped with a drive lead screw with handles at both ends of the lead screw, while the lead screw is mounted in bearing assemblies fixed on the fixed frame of the centralizer and is made with sections with right and left threading, on which threaded bushings are placed , mounted in the gripping jaws, the gripping jaws are installed in straight guides perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis "О-О" of the stand.

The device for pressing the center beam to the horizontal support surfaces is located on the longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand and can be made in the form of a frame fixed on the base of the stand, made in the form of two racks, covered from above by a hinged and rotatable transverse beam with a drive handle at one end and a latch at the other end, while in the middle part of the transverse beam there is a clamp in the form of a clamping bar, while the clamping bar is fixed from rotation by vertical guides fixed with their upper ends in the transverse beam and with their lower ends in the clamping bar. The clamping bar drive is made in the form of a lead screw with a drive handle, or in the form of a pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinder. The drive handle of the cross beam can be equipped with a counterweight for ease of use. The cross beam latch can be made in the form of an exhaust pin designed to pass through the through holes at the end of the cross beam and the upper end of the frame post, and coaxially aligned when the cross beam is rotated and it overlaps the opening between the posts.

Jigs for pivot beams at their ends can be equipped with movable drive stops used to center the pressing of pivot beams to the main beam, while for basing and unambiguous orientation on the pivot beam of the stop of the discharge hatch cover, the conductors for pivot beams are equipped with rotary stops.

To secure the floor beams to the pivot and end beams, the head beam jigs and the pivot beam jigs can be equipped with swivel clamps.

For preliminary centering of the main beam, the stand can be equipped with catchers made in the form of a vertical fork used to freely encircle the main beam when it is lowered and initially positioned on the horizontal support surfaces of the centralizers.

The claimed invention differs from the prototype in that the conductors for the frontal beams are equipped with a table movable in the vertical and horizontal planes, with mechanisms for vertical and horizontal movement, the conductors for the intermediate beams are equipped with a table movable in the vertical plane, between the conductors for the frontal beams and the conductors for the pivot beams on on the base of the stand, centralizers of the main beam are mounted, which are made in the form of a horizontal support for placing the ends of the main beam and a clamping device containing horizontally movable gripping jaws that ensure the fixation of the main beam on the central axis of the stand, the stand is equipped with a device for pressing the main beam to horizontal support surfaces of the stand; in the middle part of the stand, between the conductors for the intermediate beams, additional centralizers of the main beam can be mounted, containing horizontally movable gripping jaws that ensure the fixation of the main beam on the central axis of the stand; the mechanism for vertical movement of the tables of conductors for the front and intermediate beams is made in the form of a manual drive, containing a lead screw with a drive handle at its end, the lead screw is made with sections with right and left threading, on which running nuts are installed, pivotally connected to the corresponding upper ends of the first links, hingedly connected and forming with the second links two hinged X-shaped multi-link mechanisms that provide rectilinear vertical movement of the tables of conductors, in these multi-link mechanisms, the lower ends of the first links are connected to the fixed base of the conductors, the upper ends of the second links carry the movable table of the corresponding conductor, the lower their moving ends are connected with a spring; the movable table of conductors for the frontal beams is equipped with a horizontally movable plate that carries the locating and clamping devices used to install and fasten the frontal beams, while the movable plate is installed on horizontal guides fixed on the movable table parallel to the longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand, for moving the specified movable plate along the horizontal guides, the table is equipped with a drive in the form of a lead screw installed in a bracket fixed on the movable table and interacting with its end with the movable plate; clamping devices mounted on conductors are made in the form of clamps placed in bearing brackets or in the form of rotary clamps pivotally mounted in bearing racks; clamps can be made in the form of screw clamps; also clamps can be made in the form of hydraulic or pneumatic clamps using hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders; for locating the main beam in the longitudinal direction along the “O-O” axis, for which the rammer is intended, a basing stop is made, designed to interact with any thrust structural element protruding beyond the transverse profile of the main beam, for example, a bracket for installing an unloading hatch cover; Sliding gripping jaws of the centralizer of the main beam are equipped with a drive screw with handles at both ends of the lead screw; jaws, the gripping jaws are installed in straight guides perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis "О-О" of the stand; the device for pressing the spinal beam to the horizontal supporting surfaces is located on the longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand and is made in the form of a frame fixed on the base of the stand, made in the form of two racks, covered from above by a pivotally mounted and rotatable transverse beam with a drive handle at one end and a latch at the other end, while in the middle part of the transverse beam there is a clamp in the form of a clamping bar, while the clamping bar is fixed from rotation by vertical guides fixed with their upper ends in the transverse beam and with their lower ends in the clamping bar; the clamping bar drive is made in the form of a lead screw with a drive handle; the clamping bar drive can also be made in the form of a pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinder; the drive handle of the cross beam can be equipped with a counterweight; the latch of the transverse beam is made in the form of an exhaust pin designed to pass through the through holes at the end of the transverse beam and the upper end of the frame rack, and coaxially aligned when the transverse beam is rotated and it overlaps the opening between the racks; jigs for pivot beams at their ends are equipped with movable drive stops used to center the pressing of the pivot beams to the main beam, while for basing and unambiguous orientation on the pivot beam of the stop of the discharge hatch cover, the jigs for pivot beams are equipped with rotary stops; for fixing beams for flooring on pivot and front beams, jigs for front beams and jigs for pivot beams are equipped with swivel clamps; for preliminary centering of the main beam, the stand is equipped with catchers made in the form of a vertical fork used for free gripping of the main beam during its lowering and initial positioning. Such differences from the prototype give reason to assert that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of patentability of the invention - "novelty". Comparison of these devices not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this field of technology, did not allow us to identify signs in them that are similar to the distinguishing features of the proposed technical solutions, which allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution complies with the condition of patentability of the invention - "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, where

- in Fig. 1 shows a stand for assembling and welding the frame of a railway car, main view;

- in Fig. 2 is a top view of FIG. one;

- in Fig. 3 - jig for installing and fixing the frontal beam, main view, showing the vertical movement mechanism;

- in Fig. 4 - conductor for installation and fixing of the frontal, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 5 - conductor for installing and fixing the pivot beam, isometric view;

- in Fig. 6 - conductor for installing and fixing the intermediate beam, isometric view;

- in Fig. 7 - the same, while the conductor is equipped with additional brackets for flooring beams;

- in Fig. 8 - centralizer of the center beam of the frame of a railway car, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 9 – the same, main view with a local section;

- in Fig. 10 - device for pressing the main beam, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 11 - an example of using the stand with installed frontal, pivot and intermediate beams, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 12 - an example of the further use of the stand with the installed spinal beam, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 13 - remote element "A" in Fig. 12;

- in Fig. 14 - a fragment of the stand with an illustration of the junction of the pivot and frontal beams with the center beam;

- in Fig. 15 - the same with an illustration of the installation of beams for flooring between the pivot and frontal beams, isometric projection;

- in Fig. 16 - a fragment of the stand with an illustration of the junction of the pivot and intermediate beam with the main beam, isometric projection.

The proposed stand for assembly and welding of the frame of a railway car contains a base 1 (Fig. 1, 2), two conductors 2 for the frontal beams "2.a", two conductors 3 for the pivot beams "3.a", five conductors 4 for intermediate beams "4.a", one rammer 5 of the main beam "5.a", two centralizers 6, two centralizers 6.a and clamp 7.

The conductors 2 (Fig. 3, 4) for the frontal beams "2.a" are equipped with a movable table 2.1. The sliding table 2.1 is equipped with a vertical movement mechanism, which is made with a manual drive, containing a lead screw 2.2 with a drive handle 2.3 at its end. The lead screw 2.2 is made with sections with right and left threading. In these areas, the corresponding running nuts 2.4 are installed, pivotally connected to the corresponding upper ends of the first links 2.5. The lower ends of the first links 2.5 are connected to the fixed base of the conductor 2. The upper ends of the second links 2.6 are pivotally connected to the movable table 2.1, the lower ends of the second links 2.6 are connected to the spring 2.6.1. Links 2.5 and links 2.6 are pivotally connected by their middle parts to form two articulated X-shaped multi-link mechanisms such as scissor lifts. Hinged X-shaped multi-link mechanisms provide straight vertical precise movement of the movable table 2.1. To carry out horizontal movements of the frontal beams "2.a", carried out along the longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand, the movable table 2.1 is equipped with horizontal guides 2.7, on which the movable plate 2.10 is placed. The movement of the movable plate 2.10 along the horizontal guides 2.7 is carried out using the lead screw 2.8, installed in the bracket 2.9 and fixed on the movable plate 2.10. The movable plate 2.10 is equipped with locating devices in the form of horizontal support plates 2.11 and clamping devices in the form of rotary screw clamps 2.12 pivotally mounted on brackets 2.13. At the ends of the movable plate 2.10, stops 2.14 are fixed, used for basing the frontal beams "2.a". To fix the frontal beams "2.a" on the conductor 2, clamps 2.16 are also provided.

The conductors 3 (Fig. 5), designed to install and secure the pivot beams "3.a", are equipped with movable drive stops 3.1, used for pre-clamping and centering of the pivot beams "3.a", driven by lead screws 3.1.1. For basing and orienting on the pivot beam "5.a" stops "5.b", used to support the covers of unloading hatches, conductors 3 are equipped with folding stops 3.2. For fixing on pivot beams "3.a" and frontal beams "2.a" beams "3.b" (Fig. 14, 15) used for flooring, conductors 3 are equipped with swivel clamps 3.3, clamps 3.4. To fix sheets "3.a.1" on the center beam "5.a" and on the pivot beam "3.a", the stand is equipped with a clamping system, including rotary clamps 3.5, clamps 3.6, 3.7. As a support for placing the bottom sheet "3.a.2" of the pivot beam "3.a", horizontal plates 3.8, 3.10 that do not change in height are provided, for fixing - stops 3.9 and screw clamps 3.11.

The conductors 4 (Fig. 6) for intermediate beams "4.a" are equipped with a vertically movable table 4.1 with a vertical movement mechanism similar to the vertical movement mechanism of the movable table 2.1. The vertical movement mechanism is equipped with a drive handle 4.1.1. The movable table 4.1 is equipped with locating devices made in the form of flat horizontal supports 4.2 and support posts 4.3 for placing the intermediate beam "4.a" on them.

As clamping devices, the conductor 4 is equipped with folding stops 4.4 and folding clamps 4.5, end stops 4.6. The hinged design of stops 4.4 and clamps 4.5 allows you to freely place intermediate beams “4.a” on the stand, lowering them from above onto flat horizontal supports 4.2 and support posts 4.3 with the stops 4.4 and clamps 4.5 folded out.

To fix the beams "3.v", intended for fixing the floor of the railway car, the conductor 4 is provided with supports 4.7 and rotary clamps 4.8 (Fig. 7). To fix the intermediate beams "4.a", screw grips 4.9 are also provided, clamping the horizontal shelves of the intermediate beams "4.a".

For positioning the center beam "5.a" on the longitudinal axis "O-O" of the stand, the stand is equipped with centralizers 6 and 6.a (Fig. 8, 9). Centralizers 6, located along the edges of the stand, in addition to positioning the main beam "5.a" on the longitudinal axis "O-O", also allow you to install the ends of the main beam "5.a" on the supporting surfaces of the centralizers 6.

The centralizers 6 are made in the form of a horizontal table of constant height and are equipped with a flat horizontal support 6.1 for placing the spinal beam "5.a" on it and a clamping device. The clamping device contains horizontally movable gripping jaws 6.2, symmetrically mounted relative to the longitudinal axis "O-O" of the stand, which ensure, with their mutual simultaneous approach, centering of the center beam "5.a" on the central longitudinal axis "O-O" of the stand. As a drive for horizontally movable gripping jaws 6.2, a lead screw 6.3 is used, mounted in bearing assemblies 6.4, fixed on a fixed frame 6.7 of the centralizer. Lead screw 6.3 is made with sections with right and left threading, on which threaded bushings 6.8 are placed, mounted in movable gripping jaws 6.2. Movable gripping jaws 6.2 are installed in straight guides 6.9, located perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis "О-О" of the stand. For ease of use, drive handles 6.10 are installed at both ends of the lead screw 6.3.

Unlike centralizers 6, centralizers 6.a do not have a flat horizontal support, similar to 6.1, which allows the center beam "5.a" to be based on the stand only with its ends, thereby compensating for inaccuracies in the manufacture of the middle part of the center beam "5.a".

The stand is equipped with a rammer 5 of the spinal beam "5.a".

The rammer 5 is equipped with a lead screw 5.1 and is designed to move the center beam “5.a” installed on the supporting elements of the stand in the longitudinal direction along the “O-O” axis when it is based before starting the assembly of the railway car frame. As a thrust basing element for the main beam "5.a" during its longitudinal movement, a basing stop 8 is provided (Fig. 11, 12). The base stop 8 is used to abut the element of the main beam "5.a" against it, for example, the bracket "B" (Fig. 13), intended for mounting the cover of the unloading hatch of a railway car.

For preliminary centering of the 5.a center beam, the stand is equipped with catchers 9, made in the form of a vertical guide fork, used for preliminary centering of the 5.a center beam during its lowering and initial positioning on the stand and for guiding the welded frame of the railway car when lifting when it is removed from the stand.

To fix the spinal beam "5.a", the stand is equipped with a clamp 7 (Fig. 10), placed between the conductors 4. The clamp 7 is made in the form of a frame fixed in the middle of the stand on the base 1, made in the form of two racks 7.1, 7.2, overlapped from above pivotally mounted and rotatable in the hinge 7.3 of the folding cross beam 7.4 with a drive handle 7.5 at one end of the cross beam 7.4 and a latch 7.6 at the other end. In the middle part of the transverse beam 7.4, a clamp is installed in the form of a clamping bar 7.7. The clamping bar 7.7 is fixed from rotation by vertical guides 7.8, fixed with their upper ends in the transverse beam 7.4 and with their lower ends in the clamping bar 7.7. The clamping bar drive 7.7 is made in the form of a lead screw 7.9 with a drive handle. To facilitate the use of the clamp 7, the handle 7.5 can be equipped with a counterweight 7.5.1. The latch 7.6 of the transverse beam 7.4 can be made in the form of an exhaust pin passed through through holes made at the end of the transverse beam 7.4 and the upper end of the rack 7.1, coaxially aligned when the transverse beam 7.4 is rotated and it overlaps the opening between the racks 7.1, 7.2.

As an improvement and development of the proposed device, all drives of the clamping and locating mechanisms, or part of them, can be made in the form of pneumatic, hydraulic cylinders (not shown).

Stand for assembly and welding of the frame of the railway car is used as follows.

In the initial state, all movable tables 2.1, 4.1 of conductors 2, 4 are lowered to the lower position, all clamps are in the non-working position - tilted or turned.

In the conductors 2 (Fig. 11) on the horizontal support plates 2.11 and between the stops 2.14 place pre-assembled frontal beams "2.a". Screw clamps 2.12 rotate in their hinges, placing above the frontal beams "2.a". Rotate the drive screws of the clamps 2.12, fixing the frontal beam "2.a" in the conductor 2.

In conductors 3 on horizontal flat plates 3.8, 3.10, between the movable drive stops 3.1, partially assembled - without top sheets "3.a.1", (Fig. 14) - pivot beams "3.a" are placed. The lead screws 3.1.1 are rotated and by moving the movable drive stops 3.1 the pivot beams "3.a" are positioned symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis "O-O" of the stand. Clamps 3.11 fix the pivot beam "3.a".

In the conductors 4 on the support posts 4.2, 4.3, pre-assembled intermediate beams "4.a" are placed, orienting them symmetrically relative to the "O-O" axis using end stops 4.6. Then turn the hinged stops 4.4, transferring them to the working position. Folding clamps 4.5 are also rotated and fixed in working position. Then the lead screws of the folding clamps 4.5 are rotated, moving the intermediate beams "4.a" until their vertical wall "4.a.1" stops against the hinged stops 4.4 (Fig. 16). Then, with the help of screw grips 4.9, the intermediate beams “4.a” in the conductors 4 are clamped to the horizontal shelves “4.a.2”.

After that, on the flat support 6.1 of the centralizers 6 and on the bottom sheet "3.a.2" of the pivot beam "3.a" installed in the conductor 3, the spinal beam "5.a" is lowered in the position - with the shelves of the transverse profile up, using for pre-orientation catchers 9. For unambiguous longitudinal positioning, the main beam "5.a" is longitudinally moved with the help of the lead screw 5.1 of the rammer 5 until the bracket "B" (Fig. 13), previously fixed on the main beam "5.a", comes into contact with the base stop 8 mounted on one of the centralizers 6. As such a base element, instead of bracket B, any other structural element of the main beam "5.a" can be used.

Then the centering of the center beam "5.a" is carried out on the longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand. For this, centralizers 6, 6.a are used, in which the drive handles 6.10 are rotated, moving the horizontally movable gripping jaws 6.2 towards them, ensuring, when they are mutually approached, the centering of the spinal beam "5.a" on the central longitudinal axis "О-О" of the stand. After that, with the help of clamp 7, the main beam "5.a" is finally fixed on the stand. For this purpose, the transverse beam 7.4 is turned by the handle 7.5 in the hinge 7.3, blocking the opening between the uprights 7.2 and 7.1 from above, placing the clamping bar above the spinal beam "5.a". After that, the lead screw 7.9 is rotated, moving down the clamping bar 7.7, the spinal beam “5.a” is fixed on the stand.

As a result of the described operations, the center beam "5.a" is placed on the sheets "3.a.2" of the pivot beams "3.a" and above the beams "2.a", "4.a", which are in the lower position.

Next, the beams "2.a", "4.a" are positioned relative to the center beam "5.a" in the position specified by the frame design.

For precise positioning of the intermediate beams "4.a", the drive handles 4.1.1 of the lifting mechanisms of the movable tables 4.1 are rotated, which, rising up, move the intermediate beams "4.a" to the position required relative to the center beam "5.a", pressing firmly when from below, the lower flange of the intermediate beams "4.a" to the connecting horizontal surface of the center beam "5.a".

Due to the fact that the frontal beams "2.a" require positioning both relative to the connecting surface of the spinal beam "5.a" in the vertical direction, and relative to the mating surface "B" of the shock socket "5.c" (Fig. 15) in the horizontal direction, conductors 2 are used, which have the ability to move the frontal beams "2.a" vertically and horizontally.

To do this, using the drive handle 2.3, rotate the lead screw 2.2 of the vertical movement mechanism of the conductor 2. When the lead screw 2.2 is rotated, the lead nuts 2.4 located on its threaded sections, cut with right and left threads, move in opposite directions, while moving the associated upper the ends of the first links 2.5 articulated X-shaped multi-link mechanisms such as scissor lifts. Links 2.5, hinged in their middle part with similar second links 2.6, turn these links 2.6, while the upper ends of the links 2.5, hinged to the movable table 2.1, move the movable table 2.1 up to the required height with a given positioning accuracy. To facilitate the use of the vertical movement mechanism and increase the smoothness of the operation of the X-shaped multi-link mechanisms, spring 2.6.1 was used, which ensures the selection of gaps in all hinges of the X-shaped multi-link mechanisms. After setting the frontal beam "2.a" to the required vertical position, the frontal beam "2.a" is positioned horizontally. To do this, by rotating the lead screw 2.8, the movable plate 2.10 is moved along the horizontal guides 2.7 along with the frontal beam “2.a” fixed on it, bringing the frontal beam “2.a” closer to the flange of the impact socket “5.b” of the front stop, achieving tight clearance-free fit of the frontal beam "2.a" to the inner surface "B" of the flange of the impact socket "5.c" of the front stop (Fig. 15).

Then beams "3.b", "3.c" are installed and fixed on the stand, intended for mounting the floor of a railway car on them. To do this, use the corresponding stops and clamps provided on the conductors 2 and 3, such as rotary clamps 3.3, clamps 3.4, to fix the beams "3.v" - supports 4.7 and rotary clamps 4.8.

After the described elements of the assembled railway car frame are mutually oriented and fixed, they are partially tack welded with subsequent final scalding after removing the railway car frame from the stand, or final scalding directly on the stand.

Thus, the presence in the proposed stand of the possibility of mutual movement and positioning of the connected parts of the frame of the railway car, carried out in the horizontal and vertical planes, can significantly expand the technological capabilities of the stand, improve the quality of the manufacture of the frame of the railway car.

Claims (17)

1. A stand for assembling and welding the frame of a railway car, containing a base carrying conductors with base and clamping devices mounted on them, conductors for frontal, pivot and intermediate beams, a rammer and centralizer of the center beam, characterized in that it is equipped with a centralizer placed between the conductors for intermediate beams with a device for pressing the center beam to the horizontal supporting surfaces of the stand, the conductors for the frontal beams are equipped with a table movable in the vertical and horizontal planes, made with vertical and horizontal movement mechanisms, and the conductors for the intermediate beams are equipped with a table movable in the vertical plane with a vertical movement mechanism, with In this case, between the conductors for the frontal beams and the conductors for the pivot beams, on the base of the stand, centralizers of the main beam are mounted, which are made in the form of a horizontal support for placing the ends of the main beam and a clamping device containing a horizontal Antally movable gripping jaws, providing fixation of the spinal beam on the central axis "О-О" of the stand. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle part of the stand, between the conductors for the intermediate beams, additional centralizers of the main beam are mounted, containing horizontally movable gripping jaws, which ensure the fixation of the main beam on the central axis "O-O" of the stand. 3. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for the vertical movement of the tables of conductors for the frontal and intermediate beams is made in the form of a manual drive, containing a lead screw with a drive handle at its end, the lead screw is made with sections with right and left threading, on which running nuts are installed, pivotally connected to the corresponding upper ends of the first links, pivotally connected and forming two hinged X-shaped multi-link mechanisms with the second links, providing rectilinear vertical movement of the conductor tables, in these multi-link mechanisms, the lower ends of the first links are connected to the fixed base of the conductors , the upper ends of the second links carry the movable table of the corresponding conductor, and their lower movable ends are connected to the spring. 4. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable table of conductors for the frontal beams is equipped with a horizontally movable plate that carries the locating and clamping devices used to install and fasten the frontal beams, while the movable plate is installed on horizontal guides fixed on the movable table parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stand, to move the movable plate along the horizontal guides, the table is equipped with a drive in the form of a lead screw installed in a bracket fixed on the movable table and interacting with its end with the movable plate. 5. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping devices mounted on the conductors are made in the form of clamps placed in the bearing brackets or in the form of swivel clamps pivotally mounted in the bearing racks. 6. Stand according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamps are made in the form of screw clamps. 7. Stand according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamps are made in the form of hydraulic or pneumatic clamps. 8. Stand according to claim. 1, characterized in that for basing the main beam in the longitudinal direction, for which the rammer is intended, a basing stop is made, designed to interact with any structural element made on the main beam. 9. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding gripping jaws of the centralizer of the main beam are equipped with a drive screw with handles at both ends of the lead screw, the lead screw is mounted in bearing assemblies fixed on the fixed frame of the centralizer and is made with sections on the right and left thread cutting, on which threaded bushings are mounted, mounted in gripping jaws, gripping jaws are installed in straight guides perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis of the stand. 10. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for pressing the main beam to the horizontal supporting surfaces is placed on the longitudinal axis of the stand and is made in the form of a frame fixed on the base of the stand, made in the form of two racks, covered from above, hinged and rotatable in the hinge of the transverse beam with a drive handle at one end and a latch at the other end, while in the middle part of the transverse beam there is a clamp with a clamping bar, and the clamping bar is fixed from rotation by vertical guides placed with their upper ends in the transverse beam and lower ends in the clamping bar bar. 11. Stand according to claim 10, characterized in that the clamping plate drive is made in the form of a lead screw with a drive handle. 12. Stand according to claim 10, characterized in that the clamping plate drive is made in the form of a pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinder. 13. Stand according to claim 10, characterized in that the drive handle of the cross beam is equipped with a counterweight. 14. The stand according to claim 10, characterized in that the cross beam latch is made in the form of an exhaust pin designed to be passed through through holes at the end of the cross beam and the upper end of the frame rack, and coaxially aligned when the cross beam is rotated and it overlaps the opening between the racks . 15. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductors for the pivot beams are equipped at their ends with movable drive stops used to center the pressing of the pivot beams to the main beam, while for basing and unambiguous orientation on the pivot beam of the stop of the discharge hatch cover, the conductors for pivot beams are equipped with swivel stops. 16. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that for fixing beams for flooring on the pivot and front beams, the conductors for the front beams and the conductors for the pivot beams are equipped with swivel clamps. 17. Stand according to claim 1, characterized in that for preliminary centering of the main beam, the stand is equipped with catchers made in the form of a vertical fork used for free coverage of the main beam when it is lowered and initially positioned on the horizontal support surfaces of the centralizers.

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