RU2533348C1 - Optical method of measurement of object sizes and position and range finding locator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement technology.SUBSTANCE: range finding locator for implementation of stereoscopic method consists of two parallel optical devices rigidly installed on the base, plane of measurements, base rotating mechanism with two axes, the units of control of base size and the distance between the plane of measurements and projection centres, systems of mapping of images on the plane of measurements, the control unit and evaluation unit, the control unit is connected to the base rotating mechanisms with two axes and devices for change the base length and distance between the planes of measurements and centres of optical devices. Meanwhile the planes of measurements are placed as matrixes on the common plane, parallel to the base, the outputs of which are connected to the evaluation unit. Two parallel matrix measuring planes are placed additionally on the same base, orthogonal to the first ones the sensing surfaces of which are facing to each other, the output of which is connected to the evaluation unit.EFFECT: improvement of resolving ability of the object position and sizes measurements by the optical device due to the use of double pair projective coordinates system ensuring the simultaneous projection of the object position and the sizes into the functions of a tangent and cotangent of a parallactic angle.3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of determining the relative position of objects, one of which serves as a source of electromagnetic radiation in the optical range, and the second as its meter, and can be used to create optical rangefinders, direction finders, theodolites, telescopes and other optical equipment of a similar purpose. The method can be used to determine the surface shape of an object at a great distance with a given relative error.

A known photogrammetric method for measuring the distance of an object [1], selected as an analogue, including obtaining two images of the object on the measurement planes orthogonal to the optical axes of identical devices located on a known base, measuring the coordinates of the display of the boundary points of the object on the axes of plane coordinate systems, determining the distance to object, using as a reference parameter the distance from the location of the optical device to the measurement plane.

A known optical method for measuring the size and position of an object [2], selected as a prototype, including measurement in a pair of projective coordinate systems (obtaining two images of the object on the measurement planes orthogonal to the optical axes of identical devices located on a known base, control the size of the base and the distance from the design center to the measurement plane, measuring the position of the display of the boundary points of the object on the axes of the paired projective coordinate system, determining the distance to the object, use lzuya parameters as reference base and measuring the distance from the center to the projection plane measurement) and the computation of the estimates obtained size of the object and its position.

The range finder-finder [2], selected as a prototype, consisting of two parallel optical devices installed on the base, two measuring planes, a mechanism for rotating the base along two axes, a device for resizing the base and the distance of the measuring plane from the centers of the optical devices, display transfer systems on the measurement plane, the control unit and the calculation unit, the control unit is connected to the base rotation mechanisms along two axes and to devices for changing the base length and the distance of the measuring planes from ntrov optical devices, and the measuring plane in the form of matrices mounted on a common plane parallel to the base, the outputs of which are connected to a computing device.

The disadvantages of the method and its implementing device are associated with insufficient accuracy in measuring the size and position of the object.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy and resolution of determining the size of an object and its position relative to the meter according to the results of measurements of their displays in a pair of projective coordinate systems, as well as creating a device that provides improved quality (resolution of measurements) when measuring remote and small objects.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the optical method of measuring the size and position of the object, including measurement in a pair of projective coordinate systems (obtaining two images of the object on the measurement planes orthogonal to the optical axes of identical devices located on a known base, control the size of the base and the distance from the design center to the measurement plane, measuring the position of the display of the boundary points of the object on the axes of the paired projective coordinate system) and calculating from the received size data The object and its position using parameters as reference base and measuring the distance from the center of projection to the measurement plane, further perform the measurement of the maps in more mirrored pair projective coordinate system (measured in a double pair of projective coordinate system).

This goal is also achieved by the fact that in the method according to claim 1, projections of the object display obtained on the axes of the mirror coordinate system are divided by a reference measure equal to the distance from the design center to the measurement plane, the maximum number of divisions is transmitted to all other projections by passing through the division points direct, parallel to the hypotenuses connecting the ends of the obtained projections on the orthogonal axes of the mirror coordinate system, including the reference measure, receiving a new reference measure, calculate the individual flax measurement steps for each of the projections, projections repeat the process of separating the newly obtained mappings measure to obtain the desired resolution (measure) of the measured object size and the desired size of the object and its position determined by the product of the individual measures for each projection measurement broadcasted number of divisions.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that the range finder-direction finder, consisting of two parallel optical devices installed on the base, two measuring planes, a mechanism for turning the base along two axes, control devices for changing the base dimensions and the distance of the measuring plane from the centers of the optical devices, display transfer systems on the measurement plane, the control unit and the calculation unit, the control unit is connected to the base rotation mechanisms along two axes and devices for changing the base length and distance x planes from the centers of the optical devices, and the measuring planes in the form of matrices are installed on a common plane parallel to the base, the outputs of which are connected to the computing device, two parallel matrix measuring planes are installed on the same base, but orthogonal to the first, the sensitive surfaces of which are facing each other a friend whose outputs are connected to a computing device.

An example implementation of the claimed invention

Figure 1 shows a double pair projective coordinate system and the measurement method in it.

Figure 2 shows a method for translating the number of divisions in a double pair projective coordinate system

Figure 3 shows the structural block diagram of the range finder-direction finder.

The direction finder shown in FIG. 3 consists of a control panel 1, two identical optical devices S ₁ , S ₂ located on the base 2, in the plane of which matrix measuring planes for each optical device 3-1A, 3-1B are installed, 3-2A, 3-2B, respectively, and computing device 4. The mechanisms of rotation of the base in two axes, control devices for changing the size of the base and the distance of the measuring plane from the centers of the optical devices, the transfer system of the displays on the measurement plane and the control unit are not shown, ak how they perform their functions in accordance with nazanacheniem.

The control panel 1 (computing device) is made in the form of a microprocessor, for example, the ATMES AVR family, which provides control of the rotation mechanisms of the base along two axes, changing the size of the base, and changing the distance from the measuring planes to optical devices.

Base 2 is a rigid base with mechanisms: rotations along two orthogonal axes and changes in the length of the base. At the ends of the base, optical devices S ₁ , S _{2 are} installed with measuring planes orthogonal to 3-1A, 3-2A and parallel to 3-1B, 3-2B of their optical axes. The measuring planes 3-1A, 3-1B, 3-2A, 3-2B are made in the form of identical matrix planes, the required discreteness, for example, 100 points per 1 mm, onto which object displays and optical axes of devices S ₁ and S ₂ are projected. The surfaces of the measuring planes 3-1A, 3-2A are installed parallel to the direction of the base at a distance Δ. Associated with these sides are the directions of the measuring axes g ₁ and g _2, respectively. The surfaces of the measuring planes 3-1B, 3-2B are set orthogonal to the direction of the base in the direction of the optical axes of the devices S ₁ and S ₂ and face the sensitive sides towards each other. The directions of the measuring axes y ₁ and y _2, respectively, are associated with these sides. Computing device 4 is made in the form of a microprocessor, for example, the ATMEC AVR family.

Range finder direction finder operates as follows. The operator observes a number of objects having displays from two optical devices S ₁ , S _2, and selects one of them to evaluate its position and size. In this case, the optical devices have parallel optical axes and overlapping viewing sectors. The established dimensions of the base d and its distance from the measurement plane Δ are received from the control panel 1 in the transmitter 4, to evaluate the reference parameter.

The rays of light from the object fall into the optical devices S ₁ and S ₂ and are projected on the plane 3-1A, 3-1B, 3-2A, 3-2B. From the matrices of the measuring planes, information is collected in rows that coincide with the direction of the measuring axes g ₁ and g ₂ and y ₁ and y ₂ , in which the illumination sections are converted into electrical signals entering the calculator 4. In calculator 4, the distance and dimensions of the object along the axes are determined GY (G ₁ , G ₂ and Y ₁ , Y ₂ ). If necessary, to increase the resolution, the size d of the base 2 is changed (the display scale on the y axis is changed) and the distance Δ of the optical devices S ₁ , S ₂ from the measuring planes (the display measure on the y axis is changed).

A pair projective coordinate system having additional mirror axes is shown in FIG. 1A. It has two combined projective systems: external and internal. To measure external information, coordinate systems are used: ГY; G ₁ Y ₁ ; Y ₂ G ₂ , the observation axis Y ₁ Y ₂ which can be combined with the axes of optical devices. The object maps are obtained on the internal coordinate system: gy; g ₁ y ₁ ; g ₂ y ₂ . Moreover, the coordinate systems (G ₁ Y ₁ ; Y ₂ G ₂ ) and (g ₁ y ₁ ; g ₂ y ₂ ) are mirrored and centered relative to center 0, having a constant offset Δ defined by the distance of the design center from the measurement plane. Moreover, when the object is displayed in the tangent function of the "parallactic" angle γ on the z axis, then on the y axis it is displayed in the cotangent function. We got a double pair projective coordinate system.

The process of constructing mappings in a double pair projective coordinate system at an arbitrary position of the object when it is observed by two meters is shown in FIG. 1B.

Object length A of the straight line ab displayed in double pair projective coordinate system (GY; T ₁ Y _1; Y ₂ T ₂ (gy; g ₁ y _1; z ₂ y ₁₎ based on a design centers 1 and 2.

Projections of its external position on the axes G ₁ ; G ₂ and Y ₁ ; Y ₂ are: G _1a ; G _2b ; Y _1a ; Y _2b .

The projections of the mappings of the object and its position on the coordinate axes r ₁ y ₁ ; g ₂ y ₂ (not all shown in FIG. 1B so as not to overload the display) are equal to: A ₁ g; A _2g ; g _1a ; g _2a ; g _1b ; g _2b ; y _1a ; y _2a .

Two parameters are known and constant at the time the maps were obtained: Δ, d, and the following 8 parameters were measured: g _1a ; g _2a : g _1b ; g _2b ; y _1a , y _2a , A _1g , A _2g . It is necessary to determine the dimensions of A and its position: Y _1a , Y _2b , G _1a , G _2b .

The double pair projective coordinate system has a symmetry of design results with respect to center 0, which allows the principle of centering the measurement results (summation of symmetric mappings) to be used in the presence of all necessary measurements.

Then we get 5 averaged projection estimates in the gy coordinate system and 2 estimates in the GU coordinate system, which corresponds to the model shown in Fig. 1B:

;

;

;

;

;

;

g _1a + g _2a = g _1b + g _2b = A ₁ = A ₂ ; A _1y = A _2y = y _ab

;

.

;

.

As a result, the system of equations necessary to determine the required parameters is greatly simplified (Fig.1C):

It has the following solutions:

The parameter Y _ab is a reference in the external coordinate system ГY; G ₁ Y ₁ ; Г ₂ Y ₂ , by which it is possible to evaluate all other parameters, based on their changes relative to the average, and therefore sets the errors of their definitions.

The parameter y _ab is a reference in the internal coordinate system gy; g ₁ y ₁ ; g ₂ y ₂ , which determines the estimates of the mappings and the relative errors of all measured and calculated parameters.

The relationship between the internal and external coordinate systems is determined by the measurement results of 4 parameters: d, Δ, g _1a ; g _2a .

Using the results of measurements of the parameters y _1a ; y _2a provides a significant increase in the orientation of the observation axes to the object. The main disadvantage of the solution of this system is that when the object is at a large distance (the parallactic angle is small - less than 1 ') the value of r _1a ; g _2a ; (g _1b ; g _2b ; A _1g ; A _2g ) are small, and their difference is a very small quantity, which leads to low resolution (accuracy) of the estimate of the desired values.

To increase the accuracy of the estimation of the mappings of the required parameters, it is necessary to use those mappings that can be measured with the smallest relative error. This feature has projections on the y ₁ and y ₂ axes. The coefficient of increasing accuracy from the use of projections on the y ₁ and y ₂ axes instead of g ₁ and g _{2 is} estimated by comparing the projections. Ray 1a displayed on the z axis segment r _1a, while on the axis y ₁ - y segment _1a. Then the gain due to the use of the segment y _1a instead of g _1a will be equal to:

.

.

Usually the ratio of mappings is d / Δ> 10 ³ , and ctgγ <3 °, then k> 10 ⁶ . That is, the correct use of a double pair coordinate system allows to obtain a display gain of the order of 10 ⁶ . However, the direct realization of this advantage proved to be impossible.

An increase in the estimate of the sought quantities is possible only with an increase in the resolution of measurements of 4 parameters: d, Δ, g _1a ; g _2a .

To provide the required resolution, object mapping estimates, we represent any straight line A consisting of two parameters: the display measure (Δ _a ) and the number of parts (n _a ) enclosed in this straight line:

Δ _a · n _a = A.

Then the relative error and scale of the display of the straight line is determined by the expressions:

ε _a = Δ _a / a = Δ _a / (n _a · Δ _a ) = 1 / n _a

M _a = a / Δ _a = n _a ε _a · M _a = 1,

where M _a - the display scale of the line when measured by its measure Δ _a ;

Δ _a - measure or resolution of measurements;

ε _a is the relative measurement error of line A.

If all sides of the object are measured with the same relative error, then the display of the shape of the object will be reliable. Therefore, to ensure the reliability of the display of all sides of the object, it is necessary that all sides and their projections on different coordinate axes have an equal number of measured parts. Then the length of any projection of the shape of the object should consist of an equal number of dimensional parts (n), but each projection will have its own measure of display. And it is the mapping measure that needs to be determined to estimate the length of each side of the object and determine its length by multiplying the measure by the required number of measuring parts (n). This measurement method will be called the method of equal relative errors.

The quantities Δ _a and n _a are numbers, to each of which all the laws of arithmetic operations are applicable: combinability, mobility, monotony, distributivity [1,4]. And for all constructed geometric figures, the conditions of their congruence are preserved, since the product M · ε = 1. (Two figures are called congruent or equal if there is an isometry of a plane that translates one into the other.)

That is, the geometric relations between straight lines and figures, established for the condition of the constancy of the measure, are maintained provided that the number of divisions in the segments is constant.

But a change in the number of divisions in a segment leads to an inverse relationship when establishing a display measure (resolution) along each of the coordinate axes.

In a pair projective coordinate system, most of the projections of the sides of the objects are rectangular triangles, the legs of which are parallel, and they can be considered as projections on the corresponding axis of the coordinate system (figure 2).

In a pairwise projective coordinate system, the base size d is used as the display scale on the y ₁ y ₂ axes, and its width Δ is used as the measure for dividing the measure.

The process of measuring projections on the axes of the coordinate system by a constant measure is generally accepted, in it the number of divisions determines the size of the projection. In this case, the process of division and measurement are inseparable. In it, the measure will be denoted by Δ, and the number of divisions equal to the measured value will be denoted by n with the icon characterizing the projection onto the axis and the designation of the line, for example:

a _Г = n _Гa · Δ; a _Y = n _Ya · Δ.

The mapping process - measuring projections on the axes of a coordinate system with a constant number of divisions is not currently used, therefore, we will consider its implementation when performing measurements.

The process of displaying the length of the segment Δ having two projections onto the orthogonal coordinate axes consists of three stages:

1. - the stage of determining the number of parts in the projections on the coordinate axes when performing measurements with a reference measure Δ and determining the maximum number of parts (figa);

2. - the stage of transferring the maximum number of parts to all projections of lines involved in determining the required mappings (figure 2);

3. - the stage of determining the measure of display in the projections of lines, realized when performing measurements with a constant number of parts.

To transfer the number of divisions from one leg of a right triangle to another, it is necessary to draw straight lines parallel to the hypotenuse through the divisions of one leg, which will provide an equal number of divisions on the other leg and measurement on two legs with the same relative error, but with a different measure. The display measures on each leg will be directly proportional to the number of leg divisions when measured with a constant measure. In the process of transmitting the number of divisions, they will be denoted by the sign N, and the measure of display equal to a certain value will be denoted by the sign m with a symbol characterizing the projection onto the axis and the notation of the line, for example:

a _Г = m _Гa · N; a _Y = m _Ya · N.

If the projections of the line A on the coordinate axes have two different estimates, then:

; a _Г = n _Гa · Δ = m _Гa · N; and when translating parts:

;

.and when broadcasting measures:

.

The measure of mapping line A is determined based on the multiplicative dependence:

Therefore, when using the method of equal relative errors in each right-angled triangle, the number of measuring parts (N) for the legs is constant. Moreover, the magnitude of these measures (resolution) for each of the parties will be different (m _i ) and it is directly proportional to the number of divisions measured by a constant measure.

If all sides of a triangle in the internal coordinate system (gy ₁ y ₂ ) are measured by a constant relative error, then its similarity relations with external triangles will lead to an assessment of external dimensions with the same constant relative error, the measurement measures of which are determined from the expression:

,

,

where Y _ab is the measure of the segment Y _ab having the number of parts equal to N;

m _d , m _Δ , m _g1a , m _g2a - measures of segments d, Δ, g _1a , g _2a, having the number of parts equal to N, respectively;

n _d , n _Δ , n _g1a , n _g2a is the number of parts in segments measured by a constant measure.

The essence of the method of equal relative errors lies in the fact that when designing object displays, measures of its sides are transmitted simultaneously with its sides and, conversely, when measuring projections of a display, their measures are transferred through the likeness of triangles to the resolution of the object’s measurements, and small displays are measured and obtained on an object located at a very large distance, the average value of the function is a measure on a large segment of space. The method allows to reduce the measure of the space of the internal coordinate system to values that are physically impossible to implement.

We measure (figure 2) the legs of the triangle (y _a and d) with one measure Δ, while the smaller side d will have n _d parts, and the larger side (y _a + Δ) -N parts. Side d will be estimated with a larger relative error than y _a + Δ >> d. Transfer the number of divisions from the leg (y _a + Δ) to leg d, then:

y _a + Δ = Δ · (N + 1) and d = Δ · n _d = m _d (N + 1); n _d << N.

To measure the leg d with the same relative error as the leg (y _a + Δ), it is necessary to draw straight lines parallel to the hypotenuse, and then on leg d will be postponed as many divisions as on leg (y _a + Δ), i.e. (N + 1). These actions allow you to change the measure (resolution) m _{d of the} measurements of the leg d, the value of which is determined from the expression:

и m_d<<Δ.m _d · (N + 1) = Δ · n _d ; $$m_d=\frac{\Delta \cdot n_d}{N\text{A.}+\mathrm{one}}$$

and m _d << Δ.

The coefficient of decreasing the measure m _d or increasing the resolution of the measurements of the leg d is equal to:

, $$k=\frac{n_d}{N+\mathrm{one}}$$

,

where n _d is the number of parts on the leg d when measured by the measure Δ.

Thus, the leg d can be estimated by the resolution m _d, k times greater than the resolution than the measure Δ provides. The same relative error is necessary to measure the projection g _1a , g _2a , Δ.

To do this, through the points of dividing the segment d by the measure m _d, draw segments parallel to the hypotenuse to the base width Δ, then:

.Δ · 1 = m _Δ · (N + 1); $$m_{\Delta }=\frac{\Delta }{N\text{A.}+\mathrm{one}}$$

.

After that, we translate the number of parts parallel to the hypotenuses from the base width Δ to the segments g _1a , g _2a . In this case, the number of parts in these segments will increase, and the measures will decrease (the progress of the division is shown by arrows in figure 2):

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

That is, in the internal coordinate system, all sides in the triangles have an equal number of parts and have differences only in the dimensions of the measurement measures, which allows the use of dependence (5):

The measure of the distances of the object from the meters decreased (N + 1) times relative to the used Δ, and the number of parts increased the same number of times.

Define the length of the segment Y _ab :

Thus, the distance of the object along the Y axis remained unchanged, but it was measured with a higher resolution by (N + 1) times. After the first cycle of mappings is completed, it can be repeated several times until the required resolution of the object’s size displays or its position is obtained:

,

,

where k = 1, 2, 3 ... n is the coefficient of repeated divisions.

With the same relative error, all required parameters can be estimated from dependences (3).

This allows for arbitrary orientation of the object for each of the parties to determine the necessary measure in its specific position to obtain an estimate of its length with a given relative error.

By measuring the obtained object displays with the required measure in each section, we obtain as a result an object, all sides of which are estimated by a constant relative error, that is, a reliable display of the object’s shape and its position.

For example, if it is necessary to measure an object of size D = 10 m at a distance Y _ab = 100 km: tgγ≈10 ^-4 . The projection of its size on the g axis will be 10 ^-3 m, to ensure the resolution of the object 1 m, it should contain about 1000 parts, that is, the measure of its measurements should be m _g ≤10 ^-7 . We use a meter with Δ = 10 ^-2 m, d = 10 ^-1 m, which can be changed, and the y = 100 m axis, which has a matrix with a resolution of m = 10 ^-4 m. We will provide the projection of the object on the y = 100 m axis , changing to d = 10 ^-2 m.

We define the reduction coefficient of the measure y / Δ- (N + 1) = 10 ⁴ , then the display measures will be: m _d ≈10 ^-6 m, m _Δ ≈10 ^-6 m.

:When k = 2, then (N + 1) ² = 10 ⁸ , and the measure of displaying the base is m _d ≈m _Δ ≈10 ^-10 m. Then the height Y _B will have as many parts as the leg d, and its measure will be proportional to the ratio

:

, ε=10^-6;for k = 1 $$m_{Y_b}\approx \frac{d\cdot \Delta }{g_{\mathrm{one}b}\cdot \left(N+\mathrm{one}\right)}\approx 10m$$

ε = 10 ⁻⁶ ;

, ε=10^-8.for k = 2 $$m_{Y_b}\approx \frac{d\cdot \Delta }{g_{\mathrm{one}b}\cdot {\left(N+\mathrm{one}\right)}^2}\approx {10}^{-3}m$$

, ε = 10 ⁻⁸ .

Using the proposed method provides the measurement of objects whose observed size is less than one angular minute: these are small space objects, planes, rockets, which other measurement methods cannot provide. The method can be used to determine the surface shape of an object at a great distance with a given relative error.

The proposed technical solution is new, since the double pair projective coordinate system and the optical method for measuring the size and position of the object, and the range finder, which provides such accuracy in determining the direction of the observation object, its size and spatial position, are unknown from publicly available information.

The range finder-direction finder has undeniable advantages over the used rangefinder optical means of observing space objects, since its increase and resolution can be provided by orders of magnitude greater than all existing optical means.

The proposed technical solution has an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from published scientific data and known technical solutions that the claimed sequence of operations and a device for its implementation improves the accuracy of measuring distances and sizes of an object.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since standard devices, equipment and devices used for optical measurements can be used for its implementation.

The technical and economic efficiency of the claimed method and device consists in the possibility of measuring the size of objects and their position reliably with an estimate of the relative error.

References

1. Physical encyclopedic dictionary. - M .: Scientific publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia". - 1983 .-- 928 s.

2. Guzevich S.N. Patent No. 2468336 C1 (No. 201111664/28 dated 05/20/2011). Stereoscopic method of measuring distances and ship range finder-direction finder. Published on November 27th, 2012. Bull. No. 33.

3. Guzevich S.N. Pairwise projective geometry on the postulates of Euclid. Publisher: - LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, 2012 - 124 c.

Claims (3)

1. An optical method for measuring an object and its position, including performing measurements in a pair of projective coordinate systems - pointing the observation axis at the object, obtaining object mappings on the measurement plane orthogonal to the axes of two identical optical devices spaced on a known base, controlling the size of the base and the distance from centers of optical devices to measurement planes, measuring the positions of the boundary points of the object mappings on the coordinate axes and calculating the distance to the object and its dimensions using As a reference measure, the distance from the centers of the optical devices to the measuring planes, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of determining the size of the object and its position, they additionally measure its images in an additional mirror pair projective coordinate system. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the resolution of the measurements, the projection display of the object obtained on the axes of the mirror coordinate system is broken, with a reference measure equal to the distance from the design center to the measurement plane, the maximum number of divisions is transmitted to all other projections by drawing through points of division straight lines parallel to the hypotenuses connecting the ends of the obtained projections on the orthogonal axes of the mirror coordinate system, including the reference measure of measurement, obtaining a new the reference measure, individual measure measures are calculated for each of the projections, the process of dividing the projections of the mappings by the newly obtained measure is repeated until the required resolution of the measured dimensions of the object is obtained, and the required dimensions of the object and its position are determined by the product of the individual measure of each projection by the translated number of divisions. 3. The range finder-direction finder for implementing the stereoscopic method according to claim 1, consisting of two parallel optical devices rigidly mounted on the base, two measuring planes, a mechanism for rotating the base along two axes, control devices for changing the size of the base and the distance of the measuring plane from the centers of the optical devices , display transfer systems on the measurement plane, the control unit and the calculation unit, the control unit is connected to the base rotation mechanisms along two axes and devices for changing the base length and measuring planes from the centers of optical devices, and measuring planes in the form of matrices are installed on a common plane parallel to the base, the outputs of which are connected to the calculation unit, characterized in that two parallel matrix measuring planes are installed on the same base, orthogonal to the first, sensitive surfaces which are facing each other, the output of which is connected to the calculation unit.

Images