RU2532665C1 - Combined panel for protection of vehicles against bullets and fragments - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, particularly to armoured structures. Proposed device comprises carcass structure, front wall with armoured shutter-type elements, rear armoured wall, two side armoured wall and vessel with water. Face surfaces of carcass structure props and bars, rear wall and wide walls are hinged. Set of armour elements of front wall on bullet approach side has surfaces designed to deflect bullet path. Set of armour elements of the panel front wall is arranged with overlapped rows on elastic torsion axles with fixation of turn angle by thrust made at rear wall and ledge in torsion axle axis with vertex angle that ensures the bullet rebound and composed of opposite planes on curvilinear element surface in torsion axle axis. Ledge bottom edge makes the extension of element curvature. Sutter element height is commensurable with fragment size. Sidewalls depth is one third larger than the spacing between front and rear panel walls. Vessel is made of elastic bulletproof fabric and filled with water at two thirds.

EFFECT: higher degree of protection.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of bulletproof and anti-fragmentation protection of vehicles, in particular to armored structures that can be used in vehicles to protect against the effects of bullets and fragments of conventional weapons.

Known armored element containing a ceramic layer and a substrate [1]. The ceramic layer is mounted on a substrate with hinges at the edges. In addition, the substrate has different stiffness: the smallest - in the center, the largest - at the edges. Such an armored element has high resistance when fired by B32 armor-piercing incendiary bullets of 7.62 mm caliber, weighing 7.9 ... 10.4 g at a speed of up to 750 m / s. This is achieved due to the fact that at the initial moment of exposure to the ceramic layer, the central part of the substrate, which has the smallest rigidity, perceives shock and is involved in motion, while transferring part of the effort to the more rigid part of the substrate closer to its edges, which, turning on hinges, transfer the indicated forces to ceramics. In this case, the ceramic layer on the side of the ends experiences additional efforts, thereby improving its protective properties by eliminating unloading (edge effects) and the presence of lateral preload. The bullet, in turn, experiences an additional wedging effect. All these factors give the bulletproof element sufficiently high bulletproof properties.

However, the disadvantages of such armor include:

1. Large slippage of the surface of the substrate relative to the surface of the ceramic layer at the moment of exposure to the bullet leads to the fact that the support required for the ceramic layer from the side of the substrate decreases, despite the absence of edge effects.

Said slippage reduces the effectiveness of the application of force to the ceramic. Hence the failure of the ceramic layer in the impact zone and, accordingly, a slight decrease in the armor resistance of the protective element as a whole.

2. The presence of support for the ceramic layer at the edges at the time of exposure to the bullet and its disappearance in the impact zone leads to the appearance of stresses with opposite signs in the ceramic, which is a destructive factor for it. This also leads to a decrease in the resistance of the armor to bullets.

For the prototype selected bulletproof panel [2], containing plates with a surface deflection bullets.

The plates are made curved along the entire length and mounted on strings attached to the walls of the housing. Dampers are placed between the plates on the strings. At the ends of each plate, slots are made for installing it on the strings. In addition, the central plate of the panel is made of two plates fastened together and directed by curved surfaces in different directions. The remaining plates of each of the panel halves are placed parallel to each side of the central plate. This design allows you to deflect the bullet from the original direction due to the rotation of the individual plates of the panel at the moment of its contact with the curved surface of the plates. The presence of strings creates instability (rapid rotation of the plates) at the time of the impact of the bullet, which ultimately inevitably leads to a rebound of the bullet.

The disadvantages of this design:

1. When turning individual plates, a bullet ricochet occurs, which does not exclude the penetration of a ricocheted bullet under the adjacent panel plate (the so-called "diving effect"). In this case, the penetration of a bulletproof panel is possible.

2. The presence of strings creates certain inconveniences in the operation of the panel - a thorough inspection of the panel is necessary in order to avoid breakage of strings during accidental impacts (mechanical shocks by various objects, vibrations, falls, etc.). For this purpose, service hatches and the like should be provided in the panel, which leads to a significant complication of the panel design.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of protection of the nodes of a road vehicle from bullets and fragments.

To achieve this goal, the task of arranging a combined panel in front of the vehicle components that provides rebounding and damping the energy of bullets and fragments is solved.

The proposed device of the combined panel for protecting road vehicles from bullets and fragments is a spatial frame structure consisting of a front wall with armored blinds turning on torsion rollers curved along the entire length, a rear armored curved wall with stops under the shutter elements, two side armored sheets with curved surfaces mounted on hinges, and voluminous, made of elastic, bulletproof fabric a water tank for suppressing energy bullets and splinters mounted under the panel.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 presents a General view of the device of the combined panel;

- figure 2 - installation of the element of the blinds on the torsion bar and side racks;

- figure 3 is an element of the blinds in a perspective view;

- figure 4 is a sectional view of the panel.

The combined panel is installed in the frame, which includes vertical struts 1 (Fig. 1), upper longitudinal horizontal beams 2 and crossbeams 3 made of armored material (for example, rolled metal), rigidly interconnected (for example, by welding) so so that a spatial construction of the box section is formed. The front surfaces of the uprights and beams from the side of the approach of the bullet (fragment) along the entire length are made with angularly-shaped planes 4 angled to each other with an angle at the apex that provides ricocheting of the bullet (fragment). The combination panel is fastened to places with increased rigidity on the protected node of the road vehicle.

The front wall 5 of the panel is a set of armor elements 6 with curved surfaces along the length of the approach of a bullet or a fragment. Each element is installed between the side vertical struts of the frame 1 on elastic, twisting torsion rollers 7. A torsion roller of circular cross section is mounted on one side in the rack 1 by rigid splines 8 (Fig. 2), and on the other - on the sleeve 9. Slots 10 are made on it and installed a detachable sleeve 11 for mounting a curved armored element 6 of the blinds. The protection of the torsion roller from bullets and fragments is carried out by the protrusion 12 (figure 3), formed by the opposing planes on the surface of the curved element along the axis of the torsion roller 7. The lower edge 13 of the protrusion is a continuation of the curvature of the element 6. The height of the element must be larger than the maximum fragment size, formed by a rupture of a high-explosive fragmentation munition. The front side of the protective armor element 6 (figure 3) has a concave curvature along the entire length with an angle of 45-60 ° from the vertical plane from the side of the approach of the bullet (fragment), and the rear side has convex curvature to eliminate damage to the neighboring element by the ricochet bullet (fragment) . The rotation of the element on the torsion roller is carried out by an amount corresponding to the angle of rebound of the bullet (fragment), and is limited by stops 14 (Figs. 1, 4) made on the rear armor wall 15 of the panel. Elements 6 (Fig. 4) of the blinds are installed in height relative to each other with an overlap, which prevents the passage of bullets (fragments) during the rotation of the protective element to the bounce angle when perceiving the impact and involving it in movement.

The rear wall 15 (figure 4) of the combined panel is made in the form of an armored sheet with horizontal bars in the horizontal plane, which are stops 14 for fixing the maximum angle of rotation of the lower part of the curved element 6 of the blinds, with the aim of forming a rebound angle. The surface of the wall 16, located between the stops, is made with curvature to direct the ricochet bullet (fragment) down to an elastic, bulletproof water tank to extinguish energy. The back wall is attached to the frame (for example, by welding).

The side walls 18 (Fig. 1) of the combined panel are fixed by hinges 19 to the front vertical uprights of the frame, which ensure their unfolding when installed on the protected site of a road vehicle. The dimensions of the depth and curvature of the surface deviations of the bullets of the side walls should be such as to close the side gap formed between the front and rear walls of the panel from the end, and to provide a rebound of the bullet (fragment) when approaching from the end of the wall. For example, the size in depth should be 1/3 greater than the distance between the front and rear walls of the panel, and the angle α at the top of the side wall should be 25 ° from the vertical from the approach side of the bullet (Fig. 3).

In the lower part of the combination panel between the front and rear walls there is a container 19 made of bulletproof, elastic fabric, which is 2/3 of the volume filled with water (in winter - antifreeze). The tank is filled through the filler neck 20, and the drain is through the valve 21 located at the bottom.

The device operates as follows.

Before the combat use of a road vehicle, the panel is installed on the protected unit, water (in winter - antifreeze) is poured into the bulletproof tank for 2/3 of the tank. When a bullet (fragment) hits the outer curved surface of the blinds element, it perceives a blow and gets involved in the movement, turning on the torsion roller to the stop located on the rear wall of the panel. The curved surface of the element of the blinds and its rotation create an unstable position of the bullet (fragment) on the element during the impact and change the direction of the trajectory of its movement. Moving down between the front and rear walls of the panel, the bullet hits the wall of a bulletproof tank with water. Due to the elastic deformation of the vessel wall in the volume of water, the energy of the bullet (fragment) is quenched. The armored element of the blinds after ricocheting a bullet (fragment) returns to its original position due to the energy of twisting of the torsion roller. When a bullet hits from the side of the end of the combined panel, it ricochets due to the curved surface of the side armored walls.

The application of the proposed device allows us to solve the problem of increasing the degree of protection of the nodes of road vehicles from bullets and fragments in the conditions of terrorist threats.

Used sources

1. Pat. 2112911 C1 Russian Federation, IPC ⁶ F41H 1/02, F41H 5/04. Armored element / G.I. Ivanov, M.P. Kuzhel. - No. 96104726/02, application. 03/11/1996, publ. 06/10/1998.

2. Pat. 2046271 C1 of the Russian Federation, IPC ⁶ F41H 1/02. Bulletproof panel / V.Yu. Reshetov. - No. 5043539/29, application. 05/12/1992, publ. 10/20/1995.

Claims (1)

A combination panel device for protecting road vehicles from bullets and fragments, comprising a frame structure, a front wall with armored elements such as blinds, a rear armored wall, two side armored walls, a water tank, characterized in that the front surfaces of the uprights and beams of the frame structure, the back wall, the side walls are hinged, a set of armor elements of the front wall from the side of the approach of the bullet (fragment) along the entire length is made with surfaces of the deviation of the trajectory of the bullet (fragment), in addition, a set of armor elements of the front wall of the panel is installed with an overlap between the rows on the elastic torsion rollers with fixation of the angle of rotation by a stop made on the rear wall, and a protrusion along the axis of the torsion roller with an angle at the apex that provides ricocheting of the bullet (fragment) formed by counter planes on the surface of the curvilinear element along the axis of the torsion roller, the lower edge of the protrusion is a continuation of the curvature of the element, the size of the element of the blinds in height is commensurate with the size of the fragment, side wall with a size of 1/3 depth greater than the distance between the front and rear walls of the panel as well as the volume, made of elastic, bullet-proof vessel tissues to 2/3 filled with water.

Images