RU2502039C1 - "drezna" spigot in-beam grenade for hand grenade launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: spigot clustered grenade comprises gage part with propulsor and igniter, spigot clustered fire part with explosive charge, path fuse and metallic hitting unit arranged there ahead. Hitting unit is composed of flat body, round or square in plan, secured to two points in cantilever frame secured to gage part front end. Said two points are located at straight line perpendicular to projectile axis. Hitting part can be driven about axis perpendicular to projectile axis.

EFFECT: higher hitting efficiency.

11 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more specifically to a supercaliber beam grenade hand grenade launcher.

The grenade, proposed in [1] (Fig. 7) and adopted as a prototype of the invention, contains a caliber part with a propelling charge and ignition means, located in front of it above the caliber beam warhead with an explosive charge, a trajectory fuse and a fragmentation plate.

With trajectory blasting at a pre-determined point in front of the target, a beam of damaging elements (PE) is formed from the fragmentation plate, covering the target. The amount of PE of a given mass at a given plate thickness increases in proportion to the square of its diameter. However, an excessive increase in the diameter of the over-caliber part will lead to an increase in air resistance during flight, which in turn will reduce the firing range. Therefore, for known grenade launchers, the ratio of the diameter of the over-caliber part to the diameter of the caliber part does not exceed 3.

For example, for a mass domestic RPG-7 grenade launcher, the diameter of the caliber part is 40 mm, the maximum diameter of the over-caliber part (TBG-7V grenade) is 105 mm, the ratio of the diameters is 2.6.

The inability to significantly increase the diameter of the supercaliber part is a significant disadvantage of the prototype. The present invention addresses this drawback.

The technical solution consists in the fact that the over-caliber part is made in the form of a flat body, and the axis passing through the center of the body and parallel to its large planes is perpendicular to the axis of the projectile, and the body is rotatable around the body axis by an angle of 90 °, and the over-caliber itself the part is located in front of the caliber, and the caliber part contains a propelling charge and ignition means.

Before the shot and in flight, the flat body is positioned so that its large planes are parallel to the axis of the projectile, and before detonation, the body is rotated around its axis by an angle of 90 °, as a result of which the body is set in large planes perpendicular to the axis of the projectile.

The body is a beam rotary supercaliber warhead.

The front of the grenade with the execution of the rotary warhead in the form of a low cylinder (disk) is presented in figure 1. A cantilever frame (bracket) is attached to the grenade part 1 of the grenade 2. A rotary warhead 3 is suspended in this frame at two suspension points 4. A block 5 is mounted in the half of the warhead facing the frame, in which there is a trajectory fuse and a device for turning the warhead around the axis 6. The unit is connected with a stopper 7, fixing the warhead relative to the frame. A detonator 8 is installed along the symmetry axis of the warhead, electrically or pyrotechnically connected to the fuse.

Variants of a rotary warhead are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4. The warhead shown in FIG. 2 contains a housing 9 made of light alloy or composite material (including using nanostructures), an explosive charge (BB) 10, the detonator 8 and the fragmentation plate 11. In this case, the fragmentation plate is made in the form of a flat set of ready-made striking elements (GGE) (GGE of a spherical shape is conventionally shown).

Figure 3 shows the execution of the warhead with a convex fragmentation plate 11 of a given crushing (in this case, the internal corrugation of the plate is used).

Figure 4 shows the execution of the warhead containing the plate with extruded meniscus recesses on it, the vertices facing the explosive charge, and a plane detonation wave generator 12. Schemes of plane wave generators are known. Possible options are described in [1].

Block 5, combining the trajectory fuse and the rotation device, is placed in the warhead housing next to the stopper 7. The rotation device comprises a jet engine or a device for shooting ballast cargo. In this case, the rotation engine is made in such a way that its impulse is approximately equal to the air resistance impulse on the inclined surface of the disk during its rotation through an angle of 90 °, the latter provides the minimum deviation of the grenade from the calculated trajectory.

Figure 5 presents the execution of the warhead in the form of a square rectangle in plan with the axis of the suspension parallel to the side of the square, with a corresponding change in the configuration of the cantilever frame 2. To reduce air resistance during flight, the side of the warhead can be equipped with a wedge-shaped fairing 13 (Fig.6 ) Figure 7 shows the execution of the warhead in the same form, but the suspension axis is parallel to the diagonal of the square. A grenade of this design will have the least air resistance in flight.

The execution of a grenade with a rotary warhead of the "Disc" type for a full-time RPG-7 hand grenade launcher is shown in Fig. 8. The grenade is shown in the state after being ejected from the barrel of the grenade launcher using a propellant powder charge (14 - the marching jet engine, 15 - the nozzle block, 16 - the opening feather stabilizer). The turbine located in the standard anti-tank cumulative grenade at the rear end of the grenade and ensuring its tightening in flight, in the proposed design can be excluded.

Grenade action

The grenade can be equipped with various types of trajectory fuses: temporary, non-contact, command. In the first case, the input of good time is made before the shot.

When storing and carrying grenades, the beam warhead is in the position shown in figure 1, which ensures ease of carrying (figure 9).

The main elements of the path are shown in figure 10. When approaching a grenade at point A, the fuse gives a command to turn on the warhead rotation device. In this case, the stopper 7 is turned off. When the warhead is rotated through an angle of 90 ° (Fig. 11), it undermines (at point B) with the formation of an axial HPE beam with a half-angle γ. Taking the magnitude of the grenade span during the turn time S, the optimal range of detonation U, we obtain the ratio for the range of inclusion of the device

Z = S + U

The radius of the circle covered by the start of the GGE launch will be

R = Utgγ

The average density of the GGE in the covered circle

P = N / πr ²

Here N is the number of GGE.

The mathematical expectation of the number of GGEs falling into the vulnerable area of the target S _c

<n> = PS _c

The exponential law of the drop in the speed of GGE in flight

V = V _o exp [-AU]

A - ballistic coefficient of GGE

V _o - the initial velocity of the GGE.

The probability of hitting a target with a GGE beam

W ₁ = 1-exp [- <n> p _o ].

The optimal proportions of the rotary warhead for a given shot mass are found by the criterion of the maximum probability of hitting a given target. The calculations were carried out for grenades for RPG-7 grenade launcher (barrel diameter d _barrel = 40 mm). As a supporting structure, the TBG-7V supercaliber thermobaric grenade [2] with the following characteristics was adopted:

diameter of the caliber part d 105 mm diameter ratio d / d _stem 2.6 grenade frontal area (midship) S 86.5 cm ² shot mass 4,5 kg maximum firing range 550 m

The mass of the rotary warhead of the "disk" type 3 kg was adopted, the fragmentation plate is made in the form of a single-layer stacking of ready-made striking elements (GGE), the GGE material is an alloy based on tungsten (density γ _о = 16 g / cm ³ ), explosive with a density ρ _o = 17 g / cm ³ . The detonation velocity of 8000 m / s, the half-angle of the beam of the GGE γ = 20 °, the target with a vulnerable area of 0.5 m ² , the kinetic energy of the GGE with a reliable lesion of 1000 J.

A condition was imposed on the value of the ratio S _b / S (S _b is the projection area of the side surface of the disk), namely, S _b / S≤0.8.

The optimal design parameters of the warhead are in the ranges:

disk diameter d = 120 ... 160 mm (d / d _stem = 3 ... 4);

the ratio of the mass of the explosive to the mass of the fragmentation plate (load factor β) β = 0.6 ... 0.8;

the mass of one GGE 1.5 ... 2.5 g;

range of detonation of 15 ... 25 m.

The following is an example of the execution of the warhead of the caliber grenade

the diameter of the warhead type "disk" 150 mm disc thickness 45 mm projection area of the side surface of the disk 67.5 cm ² area ratio S _b / S 0.78

(condition fulfilled)

total mass of the rotary warhead 3 kg

Including:

explosive charge mass 0.95 kg fragment fragment mass (GGE layer) 1.4 kg body weight with fuse 0.65 kg GPE mass (cube 5 × 5 × 5 mm) 2 g GGE ballistic coefficient 0.016 1 / m amount of GGE 700 the rotation time of the warhead at an angle of 90 ° 0.05 s average grenade speed on the trajectory 200 m / s S grenade span 10 m optimal range U 20 m radius r of the covered circle 7.28 m area of the covered circle 166 m ² GGE density in a circle 4.2 1 / m ² the number of GGEs that fall into the vulnerable area of the target 2.1 load factor β 0.68 GGE initial velocity 1600 m / s target GPE speed 1160 m / s kinetic energy of the GGE at the target 1345 J probability r _about ~ 0.99 probability W ₁ 0.86

Above-caliber beam grenades with a rotary warhead can be used in other classes of weapons, primarily in under-barrel grenade launchers. At the same time, the requirement to change the design of the grenade launcher to increase the distance between the axes of the bullet and grenade barrels arising when using conventional beam grenades with a large diameter of the caliber part is removed.

Effect: increase the combat effectiveness of hand grenade launchers.

Literature

1. RU No. 21118888.

2. Small arms and melee weapons. “Military Parade”, 2005, p. 53.

Claims (11)

1. Nadkalibernaya beam grenade to a hand grenade launcher, containing a caliber part with a propelling charge and ignition means, located in front of her nukalibernoy beam warhead with an explosive charge, fragmentation plate and trajectory fuse, characterized in that the warhead is made in the form of a flat body, round or square in plan, mounted on two suspension points in a cantilever frame attached to the front end of the gauge part, while the suspension points are located on a straight line, perpend the particular axis of the projectile, and the warhead has the ability to rotate around this axis under the influence of the rotation device. 2. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation plate is made either in the form of a plate of predetermined crushing, or in the form of a flat set of finished striking elements, or in the form of a plate with meniscus depressions pressed into it, facing the vertices to the explosive charge. 3. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the trajectory fuse can be made temporary or non-contact, or command type. 4. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation device and the trajectory fuse are located in one unit installed in half of the warhead facing the frame and connected with a stopper fixing the warhead relative to the frame. 5. The grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation device comprises a jet engine or a device for shooting ballast cargo, while the rotation engine is made in such a way that its impulse is approximately equal to the air resistance impulse on the inclined surface of the warhead during its rotation. 6. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary warhead is made in the form of a low cylinder (disk) containing a plane detonation wave generator. 7. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary warhead is made in the form of a low cylinder (disk) with a fragmentation plate convex in the direction of projectile flight. 8. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary warhead is made in the form of a square rectangle in plan with the axis of the suspension parallel to the side of the square. 9. Grenade according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the side of the rotary warhead, facing after turning towards the flight, is provided with a wedge-shaped fairing. 10. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary warhead is made in the form of a square rectangle in plan with the axis of the suspension parallel to the diagonal of the square. 11. Grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that when the diameter of the caliber part is 40 mm, the parameters of the rotary warhead are in the ranges:
disk diameter (side of the square) 120 ... 160 mm;
the ratio of the mass of the explosive to the mass of the fragmentation plate (load factor) 0.6 ... 0.8;
the mass of one finished striking element is 1.5 ... 2.5 g.

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