RU2561410C1 - Method for determining location of unauthorised connection of load of unknown power to power transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention describes methods for determining the location of unauthorised connection of load of unknown power to a symmetrical or asymmetrical power transmission line. In such power transmission line of a three-wire design, current and voltage of industrial frequency are distributed throughout its length as per linear laws. A connection point of load of unknown power to the power transmission line is determined as a result of an algorithm calculation, which allows obtaining values of active power at the beginning and at the end of the power transmission line, on the basis of which values of lengths are determined from the beginning and from the end of the power transmission line, where there is the load connection point. Data on voltages and currents, active power in the power transmission line can be obtained through interface devices or sensors made in the form of voltage and current transformers, watt meters or in the form of voltage dividers and alternating-current shunts. As a result of data processing, a value of length of the power transmission line, where there is the connected load, is formed in the processor.

EFFECT: method will allow improving efficient determination of location of unauthorised connection of load of unknown power to PTL.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to determine the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to an electric transmission line (power transmission line) of a three-wire design.

A known method for determining the fact of connecting a load of unknown power to power lines using a measuring bridge [patent RU 2171473]. It involves measuring the resistance of power lines without loads along the entire length, when connecting two linear wires at the end of power lines, and then after a while measuring the resistance of power lines with a connected load of unknown power. If the load resistance significantly exceeds the resistance of the power lines, then a load of unknown power and in an unspecified place is connected to the power line.

The prototype is a pulse reflectometry method [patent RU 2398244] operating in devices such as REYS-205, Nanotronix mTDR-070, RI-303T, ISKRA-3M, etc. [one]. It cannot be used to measure the distance to the boundary of uniformity in a high-voltage power transmission line if the device is not intended for this (the device is designed to work with communication cables and power cables), namely, when the output impedance of the device is not matched with the wave resistance of the measured power line. The location of the boundaries of homogeneity is not included in the range of distances measured by these devices.

The purpose of the invention is to formulate a method for determining the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to a three-phase three-wire power transmission line based on measured values of active power at the beginning and at the end of a power transmission line connected alternately to power sources of industrial frequency located at the ends of power lines after a minimum time interval spent on switching in order to organize a new power supply scheme, where the key feature is switching source Power to the other end of the electrical transmission line. Using these values, the place or value of the length of the power transmission line, where the load is connected, the power of which is unknown, is determined.

The technical result consists in determining the place of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to a homogeneous power transmission line of a three-phase three-wire design, in which the current and voltage of the industrial frequency are distributed according to linear laws along its entire length. Determining where to connect a load of unknown power to a power transmission line will entail a reduction in labor costs, transportation costs associated with finding an unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power throughout the length of a power line. The proposed method will improve the efficiency of determining the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to power lines.

The technical result is achieved in that a method for determining the place of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to an electric transmission line, which consists in the fact that the initial information about the values of active power at the beginning of a homogeneous power transmission line with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, along which current and voltage of industrial frequency are distributed throughout its length according to linear laws, through the interface device enters the processor, characterized in that the processor is received alternately determined the values of active powers from the beginning, and then from the end of a homogeneous asymmetric power line, in which current and voltage are distributed along its entire length according to linear laws, disconnected from the main load, and determined after the minimum time interval spent on switching in order to organize a new power supply circuits, where a key feature is the switching of a power source of equal power to the other end of the electric transmission line, an asymmetric electric transmission line receives electricity from power sources located at both ends of the power line, equal to active powers and working at different points in time, then the measured active powers are summed up and the total power consumed by the load is obtained, then the numerical value of one percent of the total power that is involved in determining the place or value of the distance determined from the beginning or from the end of the asymmetric electric transmission line in which the load is located, the power Ora is unknown.

The technical result is achieved in that a method for determining the place of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to an electric transmission line, which consists in the fact that the initial information about the values of active power at the beginning of a homogeneous power transmission line with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, along which current and voltage of industrial frequency are distributed throughout its length according to linear laws, through the interface device enters the processor, characterized in that the processor is received alternately determined the values of active powers from the beginning, and then from the end of a homogeneous symmetrical power line, in which current and voltage are distributed along its entire length according to linear laws, disconnected from the main load, and determined after the minimum time interval spent on switching in order to organize a new power supply circuits, where a key feature is switching a power source of equal power to the other end of the electric transmission line, a symmetrical electric transmission line to the floor It draws electricity from power sources located at both ends of the power line, equal to active powers and working at different points in time, then the values of the measured active powers are summed up and the total power consumed by the load is obtained, then the numerical value of one percent of the total power that is involved in determining the place or size of the distance determined from the beginning or from the end of the symmetrical electric transmission line in which the load is located, the power of which unknown.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams: in FIG. 1 shows the algorithm of the electric transmission line; in FIG. 2 presents an algorithm for determining active power at the beginning of power lines; in FIG. 3 shows an algorithm for determining active power at the end of power lines; in FIG. 4 shows the algorithm of the processor; in FIG. 5 shows an algorithm for determining active power at the beginning of a symmetrical power transmission line; 6 shows an algorithm for determining active power at the end of a symmetrical power transmission line.

The formulas show:

1 - corrective body, such as on-load tap-changer of the transformer (KO1);

2 - a transformer (T1) transmitting electric power to a power line with a voltage of 110 kV or higher 8 (power line of 110 kV OR ABOVE);

, каковыми являются датчики напряжения и тока, ваттметры, установленные в начале ЛЭП напряжением 110 кВ или выше 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ);3 - interface devices $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

what are voltage and current sensors, wattmeters installed at the beginning of a power line with a voltage of 110 kV or higher 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE);

4 - analog-to-digital Converter (ADC);

5 - processor (P);

6 - digital-to-analog converter (DAC);

7 - showing or recording device (RO);

8 - a homogeneous three-phase three-wire power transmission line [2] with a voltage of 110 kV or higher (power transmission line 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers;

9 - step-down transformer (T2);

, каковыми являются датчики напряжения и тока, ваттметры, установленные в конце ЛЭП напряжением 110 кВ или выше 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ);10 - interface devices $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

what are voltage and current sensors, wattmeters installed at the end of a power line with a voltage of 110 kV or higher 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE);

11 - step-down transformer (T3), voltage 10 kV / 0.4 kV;

12 - corrective body (KO2), such as on-load tap-changer of step-down transformer 9 (T2);

13 - corrective body (KO3), such as on-load tap-changer step-down transformer 11 (T3);

;14 - generalized electrical load or main load $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{N\mathrm{BUT}GR.})$$

;

15 - corrective body (KO4), such as reactors and three-phase or single-phase devices, generating currents and voltages of industrial frequency, such as capacitor banks, small or medium-sized hydroelectric power stations;

, для ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ);16 - generalized load resistance $$\left({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.A}=\frac{{\dot{U}}_{H.A}}{\dot{I}{2}_{.A}}\right)$$

, for power lines 8 (power lines 110 kV OR ABOVE);

(фиг. 2)), а в другой в режиме холостого хода (фиг. 3);17 - an asymmetric homogeneous section of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher (NON-ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS LINE OF 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which is part of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher than 8 (110 kV power transmission line OR ABOVE), and which is a power transmission section connected to a transformer 2 (Т1), which differs from 18 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 KV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) in that at one moment of time it is in load mode (connected to load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 2)), and in the other in idle mode (Fig. 3);

(фиг. 3);18 - asymmetric homogeneous section of the 110 kV power transmission line or higher (NON-ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS LINE OF 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which is part of the 110 kV or higher 8 power transmission line (110 kV OR higher), connected to the transformer 9 (T2) , different from 17 (NON-ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 kV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) in that at one time it is in idle mode (Fig. 2), and at the other - in load mode, it is connected to load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 3);

, величина которой неизвестна и ее подключение несанкционированно;19 - generalized load resistance $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

, the value of which is unknown and its connection is unauthorized;

20 - values of active power (P _HA1 ), determined at the beginning of power lines with a voltage of 110 kV or higher 8 (power lines 110 kV OR ABOVE);

21 - values of active power (P _HA2 ), determined at the end of power lines with a voltage of 110 kV or higher 8 (power lines 110 kV OR ABOVE);

22 - values of total active power (P _OA = P _HA1 + P _HA2 );

;23 - numerical value of one percent of active power $$(P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{\mathrm{one\; hundred}\%})$$

;

, до места подключения нагрузки 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;24 - the distance from the beginning of the power transmission line, expressed as a percentage $$({\%}_{\mathrm{one.}A.H.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A\mathrm{.one}}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

to the point of load connection 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;

, до места подключения нагрузки 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;25 - the distance from the end of the power transmission line, expressed as a percentage $$({\%}_{2.A.\mathrm{TO}.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A.2}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

to the point of load connection 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;

;26 - the value of the distance determined from the beginning of the power line, (L _1.AHLEP = L _{power lines} ·% _1.A.N.LEP ), where the load is connected 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;

;27 - the distance value determined from the end of the power transmission line (L _2.AHLEP = L _{power lines} ·% _{2.A.K. LEP} ), where the load is connected 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

;

28 - a given value of the length of the entire power line (L _{power line} );

(фиг. 5)), а в другой в режиме холостого хода (фиг. 6);29 - a symmetrical homogeneous section of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS LINE of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which is part of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher 8 (110 kV power transmission line or higher) connected to a transformer 2 (T1) that differs from 30 (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 kV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) in that at one moment of time it is in load mode (connected to load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 5)), and in the other in idle mode (Fig. 6);

(фиг. 6)), а в другой в режиме холостого хода (фиг.5).30 - a symmetrical homogeneous section of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which is part of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher 8 (110 kV power transmission line or higher) connected to a transformer 9 (T2) , different from 29 (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 kV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) in that at one moment of time it is in load mode (connected to load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 6)), and in the other in idle mode (Fig. 5).

The essence of the proposed development is to determine using technical means and the proposed algorithm the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to a homogeneous power transmission line of a three-phase three-wire version.

In the considered homogeneous electric transmission line of a three-phase three-wire design, the current and voltage of the industrial frequency are distributed according to linear laws along its entire length [3].

. Блоки 9 (Т2), 11 (Т3) и 14 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{НАГР.})$$

образуют общий блок, полное сопротивление которого для однородной ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) определяется величиной 16 $$\left({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.A}=\frac{{\dot{U}}_{H.A}}{\dot{I}{2}_{.A}}\right)$$

.Figure 1 shows the algorithm of the electric transmission line for example [patent RU 2490767]. Here, as an object for which it is necessary to determine the connection location of a load of unknown power, a homogeneous power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers is used. In addition, the following electrical equipment is used here: transformer 2 (T1) - a transformer that supplies electric power to 110 kV or higher transmission lines 8 (110 kV transmission lines OR ABOVE); transformers 9 (T2) and 11 (T3) are two different groups of step-down transformers having different technical characteristics and transmitting electricity to a generalized or main electric load 14 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{N\mathrm{BUT}GR.})$$

. Blocks 9 (T2), 11 (T3) and 14 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{N\mathrm{BUT}GR.})$$

form a common block, the total resistance of which for a homogeneous power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) is determined by the value 16 $$\left({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.A}=\frac{{\dot{U}}_{H.A}}{\dot{I}{2}_{.A}}\right)$$

.

и 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

, в состав которых входят ваттметры для измерения активной мощности. Датчики 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД1})$$

устанавливаются и используются для сбора сведений о величинах активной мощности в начале исследуемой протяженной трехфазной трехпроводной ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ), а датчики 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

- в конце этой ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ). В состав датчиков 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД1})$$

и 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

входят ваттметры, трансформаторы напряжения и тока, а также делители напряжения и шунты переменного тока.The main unit of the algorithm for determining the place of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to a three-phase three-wire power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers is processor 5 (P) (Fig. 1), where the analysis of information on the status of active powers is performed. This information in the processor 5 (P) comes from the pairing devices 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

and 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

, which include power meters for measuring active power. Sensors 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

are installed and used to collect information about the values of active power at the beginning of the investigated extended three-phase three-wire power lines 8 (110 kV power lines OR ABOVE), and the sensors 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

- at the end of this power line 8 (110 kV power line or higher). The composition of the sensors 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

and 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

Includes wattmeters, voltage and current transformers, as well as voltage dividers and AC shunts.

и 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

аналоговые сигналы преобразовать в дискретные. Цифро-аналоговый преобразователь 6 (ЦАП) позволяет сформированные в виде дискретных сигналов в процессоре 5 (П) команды корректирующим органам 1 (KO1), 12 (KO2), 13 (КО3) и 15 (KO4) преобразовать в аналоговые. В качестве корректирующих органов 1 (KO1), 12 (KO2) и 13 (КО3) здесь использованы устройства РПН силовых трансформаторов, а в качестве корректирующего органа 15 (KO4) - реакторы и трехфазные или однофазные устройства, генерирующие токи и напряжения промышленной частоты, такие как конденсаторные батареи, малые или средние гидроэлектростанции [3], позволяющие изменять величину полного сопротивления обобщенной нагрузки 16 $$\left({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.A}=\frac{{\dot{U}}_{H.A}}{\dot{I}{2}_{.A}}\right)$$

. Результаты действия описываемого алгоритма выводятся на показывающий или самопишущий прибор 7 (РО).Analog-to-digital Converter 4 (ADC) (figure 1) allows formed in the sensors 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

and 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

convert analog signals to discrete. The digital-to-analog converter 6 (DAC) allows the corrective bodies 1 (KO1), 12 (KO2), 13 (KO3) and 15 (KO4) generated in the form of discrete signals in the processor 5 (P) to convert to analog. Here, the on-load tap-changers of power transformers are used here as the corrective bodies 1 (KO1), 12 (KO2) and 13 (KO3), and reactors and three-phase or single-phase devices generating currents and voltages of industrial frequency are used as the correcting body 15 (KO4), such as capacitor banks, small or medium-sized hydroelectric power plants [3], which allow changing the value of the total resistance of the generalized load 16 $$\left({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.A}=\frac{{\dot{U}}_{H.A}}{\dot{I}{2}_{.A}}\right)$$

. The results of the described algorithm are displayed on a indicating or recording device 7 (PO).

(фиг. 1). Здесь, на фиг.2 от трансформатора 2 (Т1) передается электроэнергия к однородной ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) протяженностью менее трехсот километров, которая имеет в своем составе два несимметричных однородных участка 17 (НЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ ОДНОРОДНЫЙ УЧАСТОК ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) и 18 (НЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ ОДНОРОДНЫЙ УЧАСТОК ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ), отличающиеся друг от друга тем, что 17 (НЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ ОДНОРОДНЫЙ УЧАСТОК ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) передает электроэнергию к нагрузке 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

, a 18 (НЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ ОДНОРОДНЫЙ УЧАСТОК ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) работает в режиме холостого хода. Затем при помощи устройств сопряжения 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД1})$$

измеряют величину активной мощности от 2 (Т1) и передают данные через 4 (АЦП) в процессор 5 (П).In FIG. 2 presents an algorithm for determining active power at the beginning of power lines, where there is no main load 14 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{N\mathrm{BUT}GR.})$$

(Fig. 1). Here, in FIG. 2, electric power is transferred from transformer 2 (T1) to a homogeneous power transmission line 8 (110 kV power transmission line OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which includes two asymmetric homogeneous sections 17 (UNSYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS 110 KV power transmission line OR ABOVE) and 18 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 kV ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLIES OR ABOVE), differing from each other in that 17 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT PLOT OF 110 kV OR ABOVE) transfers electric energy to the load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

, a 18 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION OF A 110 KV LINE OR ABOVE) operates in idle mode. Then using interface devices 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

measure the value of active power from 2 (T1) and transmit data through 4 (ADC) to the processor 5 (P).

(фиг. 1).Then, switching is performed in order to organize a new power supply scheme, where the key feature is switching an equal power source to the other end of the electric transmission line and turning off the previous power source, namely transformer 2 (T1), according to the circuit shown in FIG. 3 where there is no main load 14 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{N\mathrm{BUT}GR.})$$

(Fig. 1).

, a 17 (НЕСИММЕТРИЧНЫЙ ОДНОРОДНЫЙ УЧАСТОК ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) работает в режиме холостого хода. Затем при помощи it устройств сопряжения 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

измеряют величину активной мощности от 9 (Т2) и передают данные через 4 (АЦП) в процессор 5 (П).In FIG. 3 shows an algorithm for determining active power at the end of power lines. Here, from 15 (KO4), the active power of which is equal to the power of the one previously worked in FIG. 2 transformers 2 (T1), electricity is transmitted through transformer 11 (T3), and then through transformer 9 (T2) to a homogeneous power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, which includes two asymmetric homogeneous sections 17 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION of 110 kV power transmission line OR ABOVE) and 18 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEO POWER SECTION of 110 kV power transmission line or ABOVE), differing from each other in that 18 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION 110 power supply to the power supply line 19) $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

, a 17 (ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION OF THE 110 KV LINE OR ABOVE) operates in idle mode. Then using it interface devices 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

measure the value of active power from 9 (T2) and transmit data through 4 (ADC) to the processor 5 (P).

(фиг. 1, 2, 4) через 4 (АЦП) (фиг. 1-3) поступает в процессор 5 (П) информация о величине активной мощности 20 (P_H.A.1) (фиг. 4) в начале ЛЭП напряжением 110 кВ или выше 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) (фиг. 1-3). Сюда же в процессор 5 (П) поступает информация о величине активной мощности 21 (P_H.А.2) (фиг. 4), определенная в конце ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) (фиг. 1-3) от устройств сопряжения 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^nД2})$$

(фиг. 1, 3, 4) через 4 (АЦП) (фиг. 1-3). Величины активных мощностей 20 (P_H.А.1) и 21 (P_H.А.2) (фиг. 4) в блоке 22 (P_O.А.=P_H.А.1+P_H.А.2) суммируются, вследствие чего получается численное значение суммарной активной мощности. Далее определяется численное значение одного процента активной мощности 23 $$P_{A.1\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{100\%}$$

от суммарной активной мощности 22 (P_O.А.=P_H.А.1+P_H.А.2). Затем с учетом 23 $$(P_{A.1\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{100\%})$$

и 20 (P_H.A.1) определяется величина расстояния от начала ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) (фиг. 1-3), выраженная в процентах 24 $$({\%}_{1.A.H.ЛЭП}=\frac{P_{H.A.1}}{P_{A.1\%}})$$

, до места несанкционированного подключения нагрузки 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(фиг. 2, 3).In FIG. 4 shows the algorithm of the processor. Here from the pairing devices 3 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D\mathrm{one}})$$

(Fig. 1, 2, 4) through 4 (ADC) (Fig. 1-3), the processor 5 (P) receives information about the value of the active power 20 (P _HA1 ) (Fig. 4) at the beginning of a 110 kV power transmission line or above 8 (110 kV power transmission line or higher) (Fig. 1-3). Here, the processor 5 (P) receives information about the value of the active power 21 (P _H.A.2 ) (Fig. 4), determined at the end of the power line 8 (110 kV power line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 1-3) from the devices pairing 10 $$({\displaystyle \sum _{i=\mathrm{one}}^{n}D2})$$

(Fig. 1, 3, 4) through 4 (ADC) (Fig. 1-3). The values of active powers 20 (P _H.A.1 ) and 21 (P _H.A.2 ) (Fig. 4) in block 22 (P _O.A. = P _H.A.1 + P _H.A.2 ) are summed, as a result of which a numerical value of the total active power is obtained. Next, the numerical value of one percent of the active power is determined 23 $$P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{\mathrm{one\; hundred}\%}$$

from the total active power 22 (P _O.A. = P _H.A.1 + P _H.A.2 ). Then given 23 $$(P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{\mathrm{one\; hundred}\%})$$

and 20 (P _HA1 ), the value of the distance from the beginning of the power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) is determined (Figs. 1-3), expressed as a percentage 24 $$({\%}_{\mathrm{one.}A.H.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A\mathrm{.one}}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

to the place of unauthorized connection of the load 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 2, 3).

и 21 (P_H.A.2) (фиг. 4) величина расстояния от конца ЛЭП 8 (ЛЭП 110 кВ ИЛИ ВЫШЕ) (фиг. 1-3), выраженная в процентах 25 $$({\%}_{2.A.К.ЛЭП}=\frac{P_{H.A.2}}{P_{A.1\%}})$$

(фиг. 4), где подключена нагрузка 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(фиг. 2, 3).Determined simultaneously taking into account 23 $$(P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}=\frac{P_{O.A}}{\mathrm{one\; hundred}\%})$$

and 21 (P _HA2 ) (Fig. 4) the distance from the end of the power transmission line 8 (110 kV transmission line OR ABOVE) (Figs. 1-3), expressed as a percentage of 25 $$({\%}_{2.A.\mathrm{TO}.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A.2}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

(Fig. 4), where the load 19 is connected $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 2, 3).

(фиг. 4), определяется величина расстояния от начала ЛЭП 26 (L_{1.А.Н.ЛЭП} = L_ЛЭП·%_{1.А.Н.ЛЭП}), где подключена нагрузка 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(фиг. 2, 3).Next, for a given value of the length of the entire power line 28 (L _{power line} ) (Fig. 4) and the distance from the beginning of the power line 8 (110 kV power line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 1-3), expressed as a percentage 24 $$({\%}_{\mathrm{one.}A.H.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A\mathrm{.one}}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

(Fig. 4), the value of the distance from the beginning of the power transmission line 26 is determined (L _1.A.N.LEP = L _LEP ·% _{1.A.N. LEP} ), where the load 19 is connected $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 2, 3).

(фиг. 4), определяют величину расстояния от конца ЛЭП 27 (L_{2.А.К.ЛЭП} = L_ЛЭП·%_{2.А.К.ЛЭП}), где подключена нагрузка 19 $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(фиг. 2, 3).At the same time for a given value of the length of the entire power line 28 (L _{power line} ) (figure 4) and the distance from the end of the power line 8 (power line 110 kV OR ABOVE) (Fig. 1-3), expressed as a percentage 25 $$({\%}_{2.A.\mathrm{TO}.LEP}=\frac{P_{H.A.2}}{P_{A\mathrm{.one}\%}})$$

(Fig. 4), determine the distance from the end of the power line 27 (L _{2.A.K. LEP} = L _{power lines} ·% _{2.A.K. LEP} ), where the load 19 is connected $$({\underset{\_}{Z}}_{H.})$$

(Fig. 2, 3).

An asymmetric homogeneous section of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher 17 (NON-ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION of a 110 kV power transmission line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 2, 3), which is part of a 110 kV power transmission line or higher 8 (110 kV power transmission line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 1-3 ), can be replaced by 29 (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 kV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) (Fig. 5, 6).

Asymmetric homogeneous section of a 110 kV power line or higher 18 (NON-ASYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS SECTION of a 110 kV power line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 2, 3), which is part of a 110 kV power line or higher 8 (110 kV power line OR ABOVE) (Fig. 1-3 ), can be replaced by 30 (SYMMETRIC HOMOGENEOUS PLOT OF 110 KV ELECTRIC POWER OR ABOVE) (Fig. 5, 6).

Information sources

1. Dyakonov, V. Reflectometry and pulse reflectometers / V. Dyakonov // Components and technologies. - 2012. - No. 1. - S. 164-172.

2. Bolshanin, G.A. Distribution of low-quality electric energy over sections of electric power systems. In 2 book Prince 2 / G.A. Bolshanin. - Bratsk: BrSU, 2006 .-- 807 p.

3. Ponomarenko, A. S. Classification and prospects of mini-hydro-power plants / A. S. Ponomarenko // Scientific journal KubSAU. - 2013. - No. 89 (05). - S. 1-10.

Claims (2)

1. The method of determining the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to an electric transmission line, which consists in the fact that the initial information on the values of active power at the beginning of a homogeneous power transmission line with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, along which the current and voltage of the industrial frequency are distributed along its linear length laws, through the interface device enters the processor, characterized in that the processor receives alternately certain values of active powers from la, and then from the end of a homogeneous asymmetric power line, in which current and voltage are distributed along its entire length according to linear laws, disconnected from the main load, and determined after a minimum time interval spent on switching in order to organize a new power supply circuit, where the key a feature is the switching of a power source of equal power to the other end of the electric transmission line, an asymmetric electric transmission line receives electricity from pi sources data located at both ends of the power line, equal to active powers and operating at different points in time, then the measured active powers are summed up and the total power consumed by the load is obtained, then the numerical value of one percent of the total power that is involved in determining the location or distance determined from the beginning or from the end of the asymmetric electric transmission line in which the load is located, the power of which is unknown. 2. A method for determining the location of unauthorized connection of a load of unknown power to an electric transmission line, which consists in the fact that the initial information on the values of active power at the beginning of a homogeneous power transmission line with a length of less than three hundred kilometers, along which the current and voltage of the industrial frequency are distributed along their linear length laws, through the interface device enters the processor, characterized in that the processor receives alternately certain values of active powers from la, and then from the end of a homogeneous symmetrical power line, in which the current and voltage are distributed along its entire length according to linear laws, disconnected from the main load, and determined after the minimum time interval spent on switching in order to organize a new power supply circuit, where the key a feature is the switching of a power source of equal power to the other end of the electric transmission line, a symmetrical electric transmission line receives electricity from power sources located at both ends of the power line, equal to the active powers and working at different points in time, then the measured active powers are summed up and the total power consumed by the load is obtained, then the numerical value of one percent of the total power, which is involved in determining the location or distance of a certain from the beginning or from the end of a symmetrical electric transmission line in which a load is located whose power is unknown.

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