RU2561362C1 - Structure to protect pipelines against impact loads - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: structure comprises filler in the form of sand and/or stones placed in a trench arranged in a slope soil, where the pipeline is installed, and a layer of flexible concrete slabs closing the specified trench. The layer of concrete slabs is placed at the distance of 0.5-3 m along the vertical line from the pipeline axis. Flexible concrete slabs are reinforced by geogrids stretched to form diamond-shaped cells, and are connected to each other by ropes, and slabs resting against the surface of the slope soil are fixed to the soil by anchors.

EFFECT: increased resistance of a structure to impact loads.

7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to structures for protecting pipelines from shock loads, and can be used in the construction of gas pipelines in mountainous areas and in permafrost.

State of the art

Hazardous geological processes, in particular avalanches, have a devastating impact and are often capable of tearing trees, stones, and destroying objects in their path, such as gas pipelines. Therefore, there is a need to protect these structures from impact.

The prior art protective structure over underground utilities (see RU 2042766 C1, CL E01F 5/00, publ. 08.27.1995). The construction consists of blocks of open cylindrical shape, forming a vault, and supporting elements, which are plates. The structure is mounted above the underground utilities, and the slabs are installed behind the ground detection planes relative to the underground utilities in their section and parallel to the indicated planes. The blocks are made with a uniform narrowing from the lower ends up to the middle of the arch. The plates are made with trapezoidal or wave-like protrusions and depressions and with grooves in which the base of the blocks are placed.

Known construction has the following disadvantages:

- the design is difficult to manufacture and laborious to install;

- the design has low operational reliability.

Known protective structure over underground utilities, disclosed in the patent of the Russian Federation RU 2022077 C1, cl. E01F 5/00, publ. 10/30/1994. The structure contains a fence, the arch and supporting elements of which are made by a single design according to the type of collar links mounted along the length of the underground utilities. The arch has a cylindrical or ovoid shape. Collar links are fastened together by longitudinal anchors.

The specified analogue has the following disadvantages:

- the impossibility of mounting the structure on fairly steep slopes;

- fragility of operation;

- the design is unacceptable for the protection of existing communications, because the installation process will require disabling them for the construction period;

- long installation time.

Also known is a design for protecting pipelines laid in a slope, including flexible concrete slabs reinforced with polymer geogrids (see RU 2326283 C1, F16L1 / 00, 06/10/2008), adopted as a prototype of the present invention. However, this design does not take into account the distance between the plates and the protected pipeline, which limits its use.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the present invention is to provide a protective structure that does not require shutting down the gas pipeline during installation and provides a reduction in the bending of flexible concrete slabs from compressive forces due to ingress of geological separation products into it, the possibility of installing the structure on avalanche-hazardous inaccessible slopes, as well as quick and easy installation of the structure.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the stability of the structure to shock loads.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the design for protecting the pipeline laid on the slope from impact loads includes a filler in the form of sand and / or stones, placed in a trench made in the slope soil, in which the pipeline is laid, and a layer of flexible concrete slabs , covering the mentioned trench and placed at a distance of 0.5-3 m from the pipeline axis vertically, while flexible concrete slabs are reinforced with polymer geogrids, stretched to form diamond-shaped cells, and t wasps, and based on the slope surface of the ground plate attached to ground anchors.

In addition, the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that:

- open cells of geogrids in flexible concrete slabs in the place of their bundle with cables are filled with rubble and flooded with concrete,

- the walls of the cells of the geogrids are perforated,

- the walls of the cells of the geogrids are made textured,

- anchors are made in the form of pins made of reinforcement or in the form of rods,

- anchors made of metal or plastic,

- the aggregate in the said trench is placed in two layers, separated vertically, while the first layer is made of sand and located in the area adjacent to the pipeline, and the second layer is made of stones and placed in the area located at a greater distance from the pipeline relative to the first layer.

The use of flexible concrete slabs with a frame made of geogrids in the design ensures a reduction in the bending of concrete slabs from compressive forces due to the ingress of geological separation products into it. The geogrid frame changes the stress-strain state of the aggregate by restricting the movement of the aggregate by the cell walls and due to the high rigidity of the geogrid. As a result, residual deformation from the effects of loads is significantly reduced.

The adhesion of the plates to each other with cables gives the structure additional strength. It was found that placing the plates at a distance of not less than 0.5 and not more than 3.0 m above the axis of the pipeline (i.e., in fact, placing the pipeline at a distance of 0.5-3 m vertically above the slope surface), which filled with sand and / or stones, it is optimal from the point of view of protecting the pipeline from loads, and also provides quick and easy installation of the structure.

Thus, the above set of essential features of the invention is aimed at improving the stability of the structure to shock loads.

In addition, the proposed technical solution avoids erosion of the lower part of the pipeline collapse and provides protection against climatic influences: wind, rain, waves, frost heaving, etc.

List of drawings

In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a piping protection structure.

In FIG. 2 shows a top view of an embodiment of a bundle of cables.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a general view of a geogrid with perforated walls.

The implementation of the invention

The claimed design is intended to protect the pipeline 1, laid directly on the slope (as shown in Fig. 1) or at the bottom of the slope. The pipeline is placed in trench 2 (for example: the width of the trench is 4.2 m, the depth of the trench is 1.5 m), made in soil 3, forming a slope. The design includes a filler in the form of sand 4 and / or stones 5 (crushed stone), placed in the indicated trench 2. On top of the trench is a layer of flexible concrete slabs 6, placed at a distance of 0.5-3 m from the axis of the pipeline vertically. Flexible concrete slabs 6 are reinforced with geogrids 7 and interconnected by ropes 8. In this case, the (extreme) slabs 6 resting on the surface of the slope ground are attached to the ground by anchors 9.

Preferably, the aggregate was placed in the trench 2 in two layers, separated vertically: the first layer of sand 4 is located in the area adjacent to the pipeline (right side), and the second layer of 5 stones is placed in the area located at a greater distance from the pipeline relative to the first layer 4 (left side). This arrangement of aggregate layers will allow the structure to best resist impact loads.

Geogrids 7 are formed by polymer (polyethylene) tapes mounted on the end, staggered along the length and stretched during laying with the formation of diamond-shaped cells (see Fig. 3).

Open cells of geogrids 7 in flexible concrete slabs 6 in the place of their bundles are filled with crushed stone and additionally filled with concrete.

Preferably, the walls of the cells of the geogrids 7 were made textured, while the size of the protrusions of the texture was greater than the possible lateral shrinkage of concrete, which will ensure the retention of concrete aggregate in individual cells of the geogrids.

It is also desirable that perforation be performed in the grids of the cells of the geogrids. This will increase the coefficient of friction between the geogrid and concrete and increase the structural resistance to vertical loads.

Cables 8 covering the plates 6 at the junction 10 of the plates 6 are interconnected by a wire, as shown in FIG. 2.

Anchors 9 can be made in the form of pins made of reinforcement or rods. Anchors 9 may be made of metal or plastic.

The proposed design is easily stacked manually or with the help of a winch-cable device on avalanche-hazardous inaccessible slopes that cross the pipeline 1.

For installation of the claimed design, the surface of the slope (hillside) is leveled and compacted, if necessary. Backfill is carried out in a trench 2, in which a pipeline 1 is laid, of a filler — a sand layer 4 and a layer of stones 5. The trench 2 is closed with a layer of flexible concrete slabs 6 reinforced with geogrids, which are fixed on the slope surface with anchors 9. The cavity 10 formed when the plates are joined 6 filled with crushed stone and, if necessary, additionally poured with concrete.

Thus, the claimed invention does not require shutting off the gas pipeline during installation and provides a reduction in the bending of flexible concrete slabs under the action of compressive forces due to the ingress of products of isolation of geological processes, provides the possibility of installing the structure on avalanche-hazardous inaccessible slopes, as well as quick and easy installation of the structure.

Claims (7)

1. Design for protecting a pipeline laid on a slope from impact loads, including aggregate in the form of sand and / or stones, placed in a trench made in the slope soil, in which a pipeline is laid, and a layer of flexible concrete slabs covering the said trench and placed at a distance of 0.5-3 m from the pipeline axis vertically, while flexible concrete slabs are reinforced with polymer geogrids, stretched to form diamond-shaped cells, and are interconnected by cables, and concrete sloping on the surface of the slope The slabs are anchored to the ground. 2. The construction according to claim 1, in which the open cells of the geogrids in flexible concrete slabs in the place of their bundle with cables are filled with rubble and flooded with concrete. 3. The design according to claim 1, in which the walls of the cells of the geogrids are perforated. 4. The construction according to claim 1, in which the walls of the cells of the geogrids are made textured. 5. The construction according to claim 1, in which the anchors are made in the form of pins made of reinforcement or in the form of rods. 6. The structure of claim 1, wherein the anchors are made of metal or plastic. 7. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate in said trench is placed in two layers, separated vertically, the first layer being made of sand and located in the area adjacent to the pipeline, and the second layer made of stones and placed in the area located at a greater distance from the pipeline in relation to the first layer.

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