RU2541235C1 - Unit of gaseous fire suppression for places of storing containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary settlement of population affected by emergencies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: in the unit of gaseous fire suppression for places of storing containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary settlement of population affected by emergencies, comprising a control unit and series-connected insulated tank for liquid carbon dioxide with the pipeline of supplying carbon dioxide and lock and release device located outside the tank, the switching gears and the distribution pipeline with sprayers. The lock and release device is located above the level of liquid carbon dioxide in the tank, and the intake of carbon dioxide is carried out through the pipeline in the tank from the bottom part of the latter, each nozzle housing is formed with a channel for supplying liquid and comprises a housing in which the screw is pressed, and a fitting for supplying liquid, and the housing consists of two coaxial interconnected cylindrical sleeves: the sleeve of larger diameter and the sleeve of smaller diameter, and the inside the sleeve of smaller diameter, coaxially to it, a screw is mounted, rigidly connected to its inner surface, such as pressed in it, and the outer surface of the screw is a helical groove and inside the screw a hole with a screw thread is made, and in the sleeve of larger diameter coaxially to it, the fitting is located, fixedly mounted in it, such as by the threaded connection through the sealing gasket, and in the fitting a cylindrical opening is coaxially formed passing into axially located diffuser which is connected to a cylindrical chamber formed by the inner surface of the sleeve of smaller diameter and the end surface of the screw, and the end surface of the sleeve of smaller diameter is fixed to two obliquely located rods, on each of which active sprayers are secured, for example made in the form of blades resting in the lower part on stops fixed to the rods perpendicular to their axes. The rods are tilted in the direction away from the axis of the injector, i.e. along the conical surface which apex is directed towards the sleeve of the larger diameter.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of fire-extinguishing.

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Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be used for gas fire extinguishing of fires that have occurred in containers with flammable and combustible liquids (with flammable liquids and flammable liquids) in temporary accommodation centers for the affected populations.

A known installation of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing, including an isothermal tank for liquid carbon dioxide, connected through a valve with a manifold and pipelines supplying carbon dioxide to a tank with a burning liquid (SU No. 1818108, class A62C 3/10, publ. 30.05.1993).

A disadvantage of the known installation is that it uses a low-temperature refrigeration unit for cooling carbon dioxide in the tank or for thermal shielding of this tank, the presence of which helps prevent the loss of carbon dioxide during storage. However, the structural implementation of the specified extinguishing installation does not reduce heat loss from the tank.

The closest technical solution to the technical nature and the achieved result is a gas fire extinguishing installation comprising a control unit and series-connected isothermal tank for liquid carbon dioxide with a carbon dioxide supply pipe and a locking and starting device located outside the tank, distribution devices and a distribution pipe with sprayers, while the locking and starting device is located above the level of liquid carbon dioxide in the tank, and the carbon dioxide intake is produced tsya through a conduit in the tank from the bottom of the latter patent RF №2474449 (prototype).

Its disadvantage is the relatively low degree of dispersion of liquid carbon dioxide.

A technically achievable result is an increase in fire fighting efficiency.

This is achieved by the fact that in a gas fire extinguishing installation for storage facilities for containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary accommodation centers for the affected populations, containing a control unit and serially connected isothermal tank for liquid carbon dioxide with a carbon dioxide supply pipe and a locking and starting device located out of the tank, switchgear and distribution pipe with spray guns, while the locking and starting device is above the level I have liquid carbon dioxide in the tank, and carbon dioxide is taken through a pipeline in the tank from the bottom of the latter, the body of each atomizer is made with a channel for supplying liquid and contains a body in which the screw is pressed in and a fitting for supplying liquid, and the body consists of two coaxial interconnected cylindrical bushings: bushings of a larger diameter and bushings of a smaller diameter, while inside the sleeve of a smaller diameter, coaxial to it, there is a screw rigidly connected to its inner surface, for example, pressed and the outer surface of the screw is a helical groove, and a screw hole is made inside the screw, and in the larger diameter sleeve, coaxially to it, there is a fitting rigidly fixed in it, for example by means of a threaded connection, through a sealing gasket, while inside the fitting, a cylindrical hole is made coaxially, turning into an axisymmetrically located diffuser, which is connected to a cylindrical chamber formed by the inner surface of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, and an end face at least two inclined rods are attached to the end surface of the screw, and at least two obliquely spaced rods are attached to each of which are active nozzles, for example, made in the form of blades resting in the lower part on stops fixed to the rods perpendicular to their axes, and the rods tilted away from the nozzle axis, i.e. on a conical surface, the apex of which is directed towards the sleeve of a larger diameter.

In Fig.1 shows a diagram of a gas fire extinguishing installation, Fig.2 is a diagram of a spray.

The gas fire extinguishing installation for storage facilities for containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary accommodation centers for the affected populations (Fig. 1) contains an isothermal liquid carbon dioxide module (reservoir) 1 with a shut-off and start device 2, carbon dioxide supply pipe 3 , switchgears 4, distribution pipe 5 with sprayers 6, connected to the tank with LVZH and GZH 7, fire alarm control and control device - PPKPU (control unit) 8, fire detectors 9. For distribution In the pipeline 5, a pressure sensor (signaling device) (not shown) is connected to the control unit 8. The carbon dioxide supply pipe 3 is installed so that its inlet is located in the bottom of the tank 1, and the outlet is connected to the locking-starting device 2 above the tank 1. This arrangement of the pipeline reduces heat loss from the tank 1 due to the fact that in the upper part of the pipeline there is carbon dioxide in a gaseous state, in which heat loss (i.e. heat transfer) is two orders of magnitude less than in the liquid phase.

The sprayer 6 (figure 2) consists of a housing consisting of two coaxial, interconnected, cylindrical bushings: bushings 14 of larger diameter and bushings 13 of smaller diameter. Inside the sleeve 13 of a smaller diameter, coaxial to it, is a screw 10, rigidly connected to its inner surface, for example, pressed into it. The outer surface of the screw 10 is a helical groove with a right (or left) thread. Moreover, between the inner surface of the sleeve 13 of smaller diameter and the outer surface of the screw 10, a helical external cavity 12 of the screw 10 is formed.

Inside the screw 10, a hole 11 is made with a left (or right) screw thread.

In this case, the direction of the screw thread of the hole 11, made inside the screw 10, may be opposite to the direction of the external screw groove of the screw.

In the sleeve 14 of a larger diameter, coaxially to it, there is a fitting 16, rigidly fixed therein, for example by means of a threaded connection, through a sealing gasket 15. Inside the fitting 16, a cylindrical hole 17 is coaxially made, passing into an axisymmetrically located diffuser 18, which is connected to the cylindrical chamber 19 formed by the inner surface of the sleeve 13 of smaller diameter, and the end surface of the screw 10.

At least two obliquely spaced rods 20 are attached to the end surface of the sleeve 13 of smaller diameter, on each of which active nozzles 21 are mounted, for example, made in the form of blades resting on the stops 22 fixed on the rods 20 in the lower part and perpendicular to their axes the rods are tilted away from the axis of the nozzle, i.e. on a conical surface, the apex of which is directed towards the sleeve 14 of a larger diameter.

At an average pressure supplied through a cylindrical hole 17 of the liquid under a pressure of 6 ... 9 MPa, spraying is provided from 400 to 1000 kg / h of liquid. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain.

The gas fire extinguishing installation for storage facilities for containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary accommodation centers for the population affected by emergencies works as follows.

When a fire occurs in the protected tank 7, fire detectors 9 fire and transmit a signal via a signal loop to the control unit 8 and then to the operator to open the locking and starting device 2 and supply the calculated mass of liquid carbon dioxide through the pipeline 3 to the switchgear 4 of this direction and from there to the spray guns 6 of the distribution pipe 5. After the calculated mass of carbon dioxide exits the isothermal tank 1, the control unit closes the locking and starting device and the installation goes into dezh polar mode. The distribution device 4 is closed after the complete release of the installation piping from carbon dioxide by decision of the operator.

The operation of the atomizer 6 is as follows.

The fluid is supplied through a cylindrical hole 17 of the fitting 16 into the diffuser 18, and from it into the chamber 19, from which it flows simultaneously in two directions under pressure: firstly, into the screw external cavity of the screw 10, forming an external rotating fluid flow, and, second, in the hole 11 with a screw thread, forming an internal rotating fluid flow.

At the exit of the nozzle, there are two rotating fluid flows, moreover, one flow, for example, the internal one, rotates in the direction opposite to the external flow going along the screw 10, or it can perform the associated (same) rotation if the direction of the screw grooves coincides. In the interaction of rotating flows at the outlet of the nozzle, additional dropping of liquid droplets occurs due to their collision in the associated or opposite rotating fluid flows (external and internal). In this case, the total finely dispersed rotating stream at the outlet can have a direction of rotation, which is determined by the hydraulic resistance of the external or internal screw cavities and grooves of the screw 10, respectively, and can be stationary, in the case of the opposite direction of rotation of the flows, and the equality of their reduced mass velocities. The nozzle screw 10 can be made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.

Additional crushing of liquid droplets occurs due to obliquely spaced rods 20, on each of which active nebulizers 21 are mounted, for example, made in the form of blades resting in the lower part on stops 22 fixed on rods 20.

Claims (1)

A gas fire extinguishing installation for storage facilities for containers with flammable and combustible liquids in temporary accommodation centers for the affected populations, containing a control unit and serially connected isothermal tank for liquid carbon dioxide with a carbon dioxide supply pipe and a locking and starting device located outside the tank, distribution devices and distribution pipe with spray guns, while the locking and starting device is located above the level of liquid carbon dioxide in the reservoir, and carbon dioxide is taken through the pipeline in the tank from the bottom of the latter, characterized in that the housing of each sprayer is made with a channel for supplying fluid and contains a housing in which the screw is pressed in and a fitting for supplying fluid, and the housing consists of two coaxial interconnected cylindrical bushings: bushings of a larger diameter and bushings of a smaller diameter, while inside the sleeve of a smaller diameter, coaxial to it, there is a screw rigidly connected to its inner surface, for example, pressed into it, and the outer surface of the screw is a helical groove, and a screw hole is made inside the screw, and in the larger bushing, coaxial to it, there is a fitting rigidly fixed in it, for example by means of a threaded connection, through a sealing gasket, while inside the fitting a cylindrical hole is made coaxially, passing into an axisymmetrically located diffuser, which is connected to a cylindrical chamber formed by the inner surface of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, and an end face at least two inclined rods are attached to the end surface of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, on each of which active nozzles are fixed, for example, made in the form of blades resting on the stops fixed on the rods at the bottom, perpendicular to their axes, and the rods tilted away from the nozzle axis, i.e. on a conical surface, the apex of which is directed towards the sleeve of a larger diameter.

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