RU2407866C1 - Building hostblock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: building hostblock includes plastic shell, shape of which makes it possible to fully fill three-dimensional space, and filler, which tightly fills the shell. Walls of the latter are arranged with ledges and slots to connect to adjacent units when erecting structures, crosswise in the form of crosses connected to each other along axis of block and arranged symmetrically to faces of bed. Plastic shell with thickness of 0.2-0.6 mm with ledges on upper bed and slots on lower bed makes it possible to form coupling of angular joints and with rigidity that preserves block alignment after introduction of filler by increasing thickness of shell from edges of side planes of shell to their centres. It is made by +250C heating of plastic stock from preform of 50 g and blowing under pressure of 15 atmospheres (1.5 MPa) into die mould in the form of book allowing misalignment of two joining parts of die mould 0.1 mm, providing for tightness by hand tool of assembler without application of fastening material of block walls as a result of two ledges and slots for connection, accuracy of geometric dimensions of block, thickness of shell, fluidity of plastic. ^ EFFECT: improved efficiency of assemblers and reduced material intensity. ^ 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of building structures and for the implementation of building blocks.

The known building block, which is “Shaped brick”, includes two protrusions arranged on one of its beds that have a cylindrical shape, and the recesses opposite them on the other side are also cylindrical in shape, but with a slightly larger diameter (Author's certificate SU No. 8656 of 03/30/1929 )

The presence of protrusions allows for additional fixation when building walls.

The disadvantage of this unit is the significant complexity in fixing during the construction of walls, as well as the high consumption of material when creating massive structures placed in water.

A known building block with rectangular protrusions on the upper bed and grooves for connecting with adjacent blocks on the lower bed. In this case, the protrusions and grooves are made cross-shaped in the form of two crosses, interconnected along the axis along the block (Patent EP 0367334 A1, E04B 2/08, 09/09/1990).

The disadvantage of this unit is the high consumption of material when creating massive structures placed in water.

The known construction of the "Building block", including a plastic shell and a filler enclosed in it, made of gypsum, and a sealed polyvinyl chloride shell (Patent RU No. 645607 from 01/30/1979).

The presence of a sealed shell allows you to build objects in the water.

The disadvantage of this solution is the increased complexity in the implementation of building blocks and significant material consumption when creating underwater and underground structures.

The known "Mold for the manufacture of plastic products by blowing", and the "Mold for the manufacture of glassware" [4, 5], which cannot be used for the manufacture of elements of building blocks due to the low quality of their products.

The closest technical solution is “Building block”, which provides a sealed elastic shell, the shape of which allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space, and a filler in the form of a liquid or granular material, densely filling the shell, while the walls of the latter are made with protrusions and / or grooves, located on at least three pairwise non-parallel axes of the block for connection with adjacent blocks during the construction of structures (Patent RU No. 2076181 of 03/27/1997).

The disadvantage of this solution is the increased material consumption when creating underwater and underground structures. The claimed technical solution is aimed at increasing the productivity of collectors of building structures and reducing material consumption when creating underwater and underground structures.

This is achieved by the fact that the building HOSTBLOCK, including a plastic shell, the shape of which allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space, and the filler, tightly filling the shell, the walls of the latter are made with protrusions and grooves, for connecting with adjacent blocks during the construction of structures, crosswise in the form of crosses connected between themselves along the axis along the block and the faces of the bed symmetrically located, moreover, a plastic shell with a thickness of 0.2-0.6 mm with protrusions on the upper bed and grooves on the lower bed, allowing To shape the conjugation of the corner joints as integral and with rigidity that maintains the correctness of the block after the filler is introduced by increasing the thickness of the shell from the edges of the side planes of the shell to their centers to a greater extent, as well as the lower and upper beds to a lesser extent, it is heated by + 250 ° С of a plastic workpiece from a preform of 50 g and blowing out under a pressure of 15 atm (1.5 MPa) into a mold in the form of a book with a tolerance of misalignment of two joint parts of the 0.1 mm mold, which provides an interference with the hand tool of the collector without using anija fastening material of the walls of two blocks due to the projections and grooves for the connection of geometric accuracy block size, shell thickness, the plastic yield point.

The filler introduced into the plastic shell through the technological hole under the pressure of its own weight, viscosity and fluidity of the filler along the shell contour provides a protrusion of the protrusion into the groove during assembly of the blocks due to two protrusions and grooves for joining, accuracy of the geometric dimensions and thickness of the shell, and plastic fluidity.

The angular joints of the shell are made: along the contour of the shell and the groove — with a radius of 1 mm, at the base of the groove and at the base of the protrusion — without the radius of pairing, the top of the protrusion with the side surface of the shell and the side faces of the groove between them — with a radius of pairing of 2 mm.

The filler is made of materials of various strengths corresponding to the purpose of the building structure, inserted into the plastic shell through the technological hole from top to bottom, allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space without internal voids.

The drawing shows a General three-dimensional view of a building HOSTBLOCK with two perpendicular sections.

The device of the building HOSTBLOCK contains a plastic shell 1, a technological hole 2, filler 3, rectangular protrusions 4 on the upper bed of block 6 in the form of two crosses, rectangular grooves 5 on the lower bed 7 in the form of two crosses, connecting planes along the contour of the shell and the groove with the radius of conjugation 1 mm 8, the connection of the plane of the top of the protrusion with the side surface of the shell and the side faces of the groove with each other with a radius of conjugation of 2 mm 9, the connection of planes without a radius of mating 10, the side surfaces of the block 11.

The work on the manufacture of the proposed construction HOSTBLOCK is as follows. On an automated line with a capacity of 600 shells per hour, a plastic preform + 250 ° C is heated in the form of a preform of 50 g from GOST 51695-200 polyethylene terephthalate and then blown under a pressure of 15 atm (1.5 MPa) into a mold in the form of a book with a tolerance of misalignment of two mating parts of the mold 0.1 mm. A plastic shell with a thickness of 0.2-0.6 mm with tabs 4 on the upper bed 6 and grooves 5 on the lower bed 7, which allows you to form a pair of corner joints integral by making corner joints of the shell 1: along the contour of the shell, protrusion and groove with the radius of mating 1 mm 8, at the base of the groove and at the base of the protrusion - without a mating radius of 10, the top of the protrusion with the side surface of the shell and the side faces of the groove between them - a mating radius of 2 mm 9. The correctness of the block after the filler is introduced is maintained by increasing the thickness of the shell hibernation from the edges of the side surfaces 11 of the shell to their centers to a greater extent, and lower 7 and an upper bed 6 to a lesser extent.

The filler 3, introduced into the plastic shell through the technological hole 2 under the pressure of its own weight, viscosity and fluidity of the filler along the contour of the shell 1, provides an interference fit of the protrusion 4 into the groove 5 when assembling the blocks due to two protrusions and grooves for joining, the accuracy of the geometric dimensions and thickness of the shell plastic flowability.

Filler 3 is made of materials of various strengths corresponding to the purpose of the building structure, allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space without internal voids, is introduced into the plastic shell 1 through the technological hole 2 from top to bottom, allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space without internal voids (for example, D-800 GOST foam concrete 21520-89). The weight of one block is 400 g. Size 60 × 120 × 60 mm.

Installation of building structures from HOSTBLOCs is performed by assemblers, providing high performance assembly of building structures due to the fast positioning of the grooves of the blocks of the next row on the protrusions in the previous row by means of mating radii 8 and 9.

The thickness of the plastic shell of 0.2-0.6 mm is achieved by using a plastic preform of 50 g, a HOSTBLOCK volume of 60 × 120 × 60 mm, a heating temperature of the plastic preform from the preform + 250 ° C and blowing under pressure of 15 atm (1.5 MPa) into the mold.

The straightness of the surfaces of the block, which characterizes its correctness after the filler is introduced, is ensured by the rigidity of the plastic shell by increasing the thickness of the shell from the edges of the side planes to their centers to a greater extent, as well as the lower and upper beds to a lesser extent. This is achieved by increasing the thickness of the shell by blowing a plastic blank of a round preform in a rectangular mold. The inflated plastic blank of the shell, first of all, will touch the middle part of all planes of the mold, since this will be the closest distance, and due to friction forces lower than the temperature of the mold, the stretching speed of the plastic blank of the shell will decrease in such places and the thickness will be greater in compared with angular joints, where in addition the stretching distance of the plastic blank from its center is greater and therefore the thickness of the plastic shell will decrease.

Information sources

1. Copyright certificate SU No. 8656, IPC Е04С 1/10, ЕВВ 2/08, Е04С 1/12. Publication date 1929.03.30.

2. Patent EP 0367334 A1, E04B 2/08, 05/09/1990.

3. Patent RU No. 645607, IPC E04C 1/00. Publication date 1979.01.30.

4. Copyright certificate SU No. 1775307, IPC В29С 49/50. Publication date 1989.10.17.

5. Patent RU No. 2058945, IPC С03В 19/04. Publication date 1991.12.13.

6. Patent RU No. 2076181, IPC E04C 1/00. Publication date 1997.03.27 (prototype).

Claims (4)

1. A building host block, including a plastic shell, the shape of which allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space, and a filler that densely fills the shell, the walls of the latter are made with protrusions and grooves for connection with adjacent blocks during the construction of structures, crosswise in the form of crosses interconnected along the axis along the axis block and located symmetrically to the edges of the bed, characterized in that the plastic shell is 0.2-0.6 mm thick with protrusions on the upper bed and grooves on the lower bed, which allows the conjugation of the corner joints is integral and with rigidity that keeps the block correct after the filler is introduced by increasing the thickness of the shell from the edges of the side planes of the shell to their centers to a greater extent and also the lower and upper beds to a lesser extent, performed by heating + 250 ° C plastic preform 50 g and blowing out under pressure of 15 atm (1.5 MPa) into a mold in the form of a book with a tolerance of non-alignment of two joint parts of the 0.1 mm mold, which provides an interference with the hand tool of the collector without the use of a scraper -governing material walls two blocks due to the projections and grooves for the connection of geometric accuracy block size, shell thickness, the plastic yield point. 2. The building host block according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler introduced into the plastic shell through the technological hole under pressure of its own weight, viscosity and fluidity of the filler along the contour of the shell provides interference of the protrusion into the groove during assembly of the blocks due to two protrusions and grooves for connection, accuracy of geometric dimensions and thickness of the shell, fluidity of the plastic. 3. The building host block according to claim 1, characterized in that the angular joints of the shell are made: along the contour of the shell, protrusion and groove with a mating radius of 1 mm, at the base of the groove and at the base of the protrusion without a mating radius, the top of the protrusion with the side surface of the shell and the side faces of the groove with each other - with a radius of conjugation of 2 mm. 4. The building host block according to claim 1, characterized in that the filler is made of materials of different strengths corresponding to the purpose of the building structure, is inserted into the plastic shell through the technological hole from top to bottom, it allows you to completely fill the three-dimensional space without internal voids.