RU2461882C2 - Method of protecting documents - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: when making an optical protection system, an area of a predetermined size is reserved on its light-sensitive layer, on which a holographic image of the protected object is written, and authentication is carried out by directly comparing the object with its reproduced (restored) topographic image of the document which is placed in a laminate, which is read from the protective element by illuminating the optical system with the object itself directly.

EFFECT: high information security of the document by introducing individual features of the laminate into the hologram.

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Description

The invention relates to information technology, specifically to the identification of objects, namely: consumer goods, documents of national importance, identity cards, passports, security seals, etc., and is intended to verify their authenticity and identify fakes.

A known method of protecting documents based on information security using optical diffraction security elements, such as holograms [1].

However, in this way, limited information is recorded in the hologram, for example, the digital code of the document or the state logo, for example, on identification cards (bulletins of the Republic of Moldova), more precisely on the hologram of the ballot, there are hidden MD indices that are reproduced only when the hologram is irradiated with coherent radiation. With this approach, when all the ballots have the same holograms with the same logo, the hologram itself is almost not involved in the information protection of the document and the manifestation of its individuality. All this leads to attempts to fake and falsify certificates by re-sticking stolen holograms.

As a prototype, we consider a method of protecting documents of national importance containing the documents themselves and the optical elements of their protection, for example, holograms with machine-readable information recorded using radiation (laser, electronic) placed in a laminate. In this method, the surface of a security paper is treated with light, sections of its image are selected at a certain angle, an optical signal is formed from moiré strips reflected from these sections, the repetition frequency of which is compared with a reference value.

The disadvantages of this method include the constant use of a central database for comparing the obtained moire waves with the reference ones. Without a central database, this method does not work. The disadvantages of the method include the fact that the comparison is made only by comparing the frequency of the moire bands. But on the identification card there is also an individual digital code, the date of birth of the holder of the document, photo and grayscale image of the holder, national symbols, series of the document, date of issue of the document and many other information that is not involved in the identification process. The whole combination of these features should provide identification.

A method is proposed for protecting objects, namely: consumer goods, identification documents and documents of national importance containing the objects themselves in any transparent packaging, for example, under a laminating coating, and optical elements for their protection, for example, holograms with machine-readable information recorded by any of the known methods with using energy exposure (laser, electronic, ultrasonic) placed under the laminating coating in the laminate.

A feature of the proposed method is that in the process of manufacturing an optical protection system, a portion of a predetermined size is reserved on its photosensitive layer, onto which a holographic image of the protected object is recorded, and authentication is carried out by comparing the object directly with its reproduced (restored) holographic image of the image a document placed in a laminate, read from a protective element by lighting on an optical protection system, with about object directly.

In Fig. 1, a reproduction scheme of an image of an object is proposed, which schematically shows document 1, optical elements for their protection, for example, hologram 2 with machine-readable information. The document itself is placed in the laminate 3, 4 - the image of the document, and 5 - radiation exposure, which allows using the hologram 2 to obtain the image 4 of the document.

The proposed method works as follows. Optical diffraction element is made:

- with a reserved portion of the photosensitive layer,

- or with the ability to record over information previously recorded on an optical element.

In accordance with the technology, the object 1 itself is manufactured, where one of the technological operations is the application of an optical diffraction element with a reserved portion on its photosensitive layer. For concretization, this is a certain type of hologram having an “empty place” for future recording of the image of the entire object in a holographic form by any of the known methods.

If a document is selected as an object, it is laminated.

Laminating coating 3 almost always acquires its individuality in the form of:

- the mutual arrangement of alphanumeric in the recorded information,

     -relief from the applied information,

- after the device for laminating (scuffs, scratches, etc.) and on the “empty space” of the hologram, an image of the entire document with all identifiable attributes is applied.

The optical element (hologram) 2 is a structure of the main functional layers:

- bearing base

- individual number of the optical element, the release layer,

- a metal or varnish layer covering the full or partially optical element,

- a relief-receiving layer with the applied information by the method of animation from a holographic matrix and with a reserve — empty — section.

Figure 2 shows the classical hologram recording scheme. An optical quantum generator (laser) 6 emits coherent radiation, which, passing through a translucent mirror 7, performing a beam splitter, divides the coherent radiation into two, creating a beam of illumination of the object, which additionally passes through the collimator 8 and additional optical elements (diffuser, shutter, etc.) .d.) 9, illuminating the object 1. The second beam, reflected from the translucent mirror 7, 10 and the reference mirror 11, creates a reference beam. The beam reflected from object 1 and hologram 2, again reflected from the object mirror 12 and passing through the lens (Fourier lens) 13, is directed toward the hologram 2. The combination of beam 14 illuminating object 1 and hologram 2, beam 15, reflected from the object 1 and the hologram 2, the beam of the object 16 and the beam of the reference 17 allows you to record the image of object 1 on the hologram 2.

The identification of documents with this approach does not require access to the central database, since it does not compare with the elements stored there. In a sense, there is a database for this document, but this database is for only one document, which is stored in the machine-readable part of the hologram. In a sense, this approach in a new way forms a non-centralized and “dispersed” database, which increases the reliability of the system as a whole.

Identification of the object for authenticity is carried out by comparing the image of the object (document 4) reproduced from the hologram with the object itself and its individual characteristics (document 1), without access to the database.

The type and type of the recorded hologram are selected in accordance with the type and properties of object 1.

In particular, the hologram of document 4 is recorded using any of the known technologies for changing the structure of the directly photosensitive layer:

- photostructural transformations;

- relief formation

and other changes in the photosensitive layer under energy exposure.

In a particular, simplified version, identification can take place by comparing an individual digital code (IDNP) on a document with an individual optical element number and then comparing this information on image 4 of the document. With this approach, you can use the entire set of identification features on the object of document 1. When using the proposed method of protection, the document can be identified at any distance from the database in the presence of an autonomous laser device (laser pointer).

An example of the method

As an example of the method, the method of protection of identity cards of the Republic of Moldova is selected. The bulletin of Moldovan citizen Tatiana Moraru with her photo (primary and secondary), personal signature, document series number and all other identification signs was chosen as a specific object of protection. The recording of image 4 of object 1 is given in the description of the recording scheme (Fig. 2).

When illuminated by an optical protection system, a holographic image of an object was reproduced (object reproduction scheme - Fig. 1). Comparison of the reproduced image directly with all the identification features of the object itself confirms the truth of the object. In the case of re-sticking a hologram from one identity card to another, a fake is detected immediately without resorting to a central database.

Information sources

1. www. Krypton ru / -12k Scientific and Production Association "Krypton". Section "Classification of security elements in a hologram."

Claims (1)

The way to protect objects, including state and identification documents containing the objects themselves, optical diffraction protection elements, machine readable information, open and hidden anti-counterfeiting and tamper protection systems, laminating coating, and characterized in that in the process of manufacturing an optical protection system on it the photosensitive and / or relief layer reserve a section in front of a predetermined size onto which a holographic image of the protected object with all individual features is recorded NOSTA object that arise during manufacture and characteristics unique to that object, verification of the authenticity is performed by illuminating optical protection system for reproducing a holographic image of the object and the reproduced image is directly compared with the object itself.

Images