RU2309793C2 - Rotor apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; petrochemical industry; other industries; production of the devices used for formation of the pulsing oscillations in the running liquid medium.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the devices used for formation of the pulsing oscillations in the running liquid medium and may be used for formation of the processes of emulsification, absorption and others in the systems "liquid-liquid". The apparatus contains the concentric rotor and the stator made in the form of the cylindrical rings with the through channels in the lateral walls and the insonation chamber. The invention solves the problem of intensification of the process of emulsification at the expense of location in the channels of the stator of the rotor apparatus of the rods, which location forms converging and diverging pulse streams in the insonation chamber.

EFFECT: the invention ensures solution of the problem of intensification of the process of emulsification due to location in the channels of the stator of the rotor apparatus of the rods forming converging and diverging pulse streams in the insonation chamber.

7 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for creating pulsed oscillations in a flowing liquid medium and can be used to intensify the processes of emulsification, absorption, and others in liquid-liquid systems.

Known rotary apparatus, comprising a housing with nozzles for the inlet and outlet of a liquid medium, a rotor and a stator concentrically mounted in it with holes in the side walls, a sounding chamber and a drive. The holes in the side walls of the rotor and stator are made in the form of triangles and in the sounding chamber opposite the stator holes are located vertical rods (AS USSR No. 1169721, B01F 7/28, 1985). The rods transform the kinetic energy of the jets into the energy of hydrodynamic cavitation. The main disadvantage of this design is that the speed of the jet exiting the stator openings into the sounding chamber drops sharply, its kinetic energy decreases significantly and, as a result, insufficiently intensive cavitation treatment of the liquid medium occurs.

Closest to the invention in terms of the effect obtained is a rotary apparatus comprising a housing with inlets and outlets of a liquid medium, a rotor and a stator concentrically mounted in it with channels in the side walls, a sound chamber, a drive. In the stator channel, one or more vertical rods are installed, which alternate with horizontal ones (patent No. 2225250 of 03/10/2004). The main disadvantage of this design is as follows. The installation of the rods in the channels along the axis of the stator or rotor causes turbulization of the flowing liquid medium mainly only before the first rod from the side of the center of the stator or rotor. In front of subsequent rods, a stagnant zone is formed. The fluid flow, flowing around the rods installed in this way, is divided into two identical disjoint parts, which reduces its ability to generate pulsed oscillations in the sounding chamber. It is also obvious that such a formulation of the rods requires complex hydrodynamic calculations, on the basis of which the parameters of the channels and rods should be determined. Otherwise, the installation of the rods may lead to the opposite result.

The technical task of the invention is the intensification of the process of mixture formation in a rotary pulsation apparatus to obtain emulsion resistant to delamination.

It is known that for the formation of a homogeneous mixture, the entropy must increase and the free energy decrease. The irreversibility of the process increases if it is accompanied by dissipative effects, such as turbulence, friction, or a change in electrical resistance.

Based on this, the technical result achieved is the organization by constructive methods of the irreversible mixing process in the liquid-liquid system due to the pulsed intersection of flows with simultaneous additional excitation of vibrations in the sounding chamber by means of the proposed arrangement of the rods in the stator channels and their execution. In accordance with this, the flow of the liquid medium must go around the rods installed in the stator channels, without separation into parts or with separation into substantially different parts, and enter the sounding chamber at a certain angle. At the same time, in two adjacent channels, the streams should exit from the channels into the sounding chamber converging, and the streams leaving the channels located on both sides of these two channels should be diverging. Thus, in the sounding chamber, an alternation of zones with different internal pressure is formed, which contributes to the intensification of cavitation effects on the liquid medium.

An additional method that enhances the mixing process is the installation of rods, the shape of which differs from a cylindrical or having a partially cylindrical surface. The purpose of such decisions is, firstly, the concentration of energy of the flows during their passage between the rods; secondly, the creation of shear processes in the stream. An example of the first solution is the execution of rods with flats oriented parallel to adjacent rods, which increases the flow velocity and enhances the vibrations of the liquid medium in the sounding chamber. The second solution is the execution of rods with a variable cross section, for example, having a conical shape and installed so that the flow passes between surfaces of different radii. In this way, a shear of layers in the flow is formed and internal friction increases.

The addition of the surfaces of the rods, between which the fluid flow passes, with corrugations creates local microturbulation, which contributes to energy dissipation.

Improving the quality of mixing can also be achieved by the fact that you can create the peripheral velocity of the fluid in the annular space of the sound chamber. This can be achieved by executing the channels in the rotor or in the stator with a variable pitch and alternating them so as to create a directed movement of the entire annular volume of the sound chamber or, at least, its parts. Thus, it is possible to act on the liquid medium not only in the radial direction, but also in the direction perpendicular to it in each local volume.

A device that implements these mode parameters is presented in figure 1. The section shows fragments of the rotor 1, stator 2, sounding chamber 3, channels 4 in the rotor 1 and channels 5 in the stator 2. In the channels 5 of the stator there are rods 6. The axes of the first rods 6, located on one side of the axis of the channels 5, are offset from the axis of the channels 5 by a value of δ ₁ and the axis of the second rods 6 located on the other side of the axis of the channels 5 are offset by the same value from the axis of the channels 5. These first and second rods 6 are separated from the corresponding opposite side of the channel 5 by δ ₂ (indicated in figure 2), commensurate with the width of the channels 4 in the rotor 1. Between each indicated first rod 6 and each specified second rod 6 there is a gap δ ₃ in the form of a slit, varying the width of which you can change the flow rate of the liquid medium when passing the channel 5 in the stator.

The width a and the length h of the channel 5 is determined by the given radius of the rods 6, the quantities δ ₁ , δ ₂ , δ ₃ and the angle α between the axis of the channel 5 and the line connecting the centers of the rods 6 lying on different sides from the axis of the channel 5. The distance δ ₂ between the rod 6 and the opposite side of the channel 5 is commensurate with the width of the channel 4 in the rotor.

When the rods are located in two adjacent channels 5 in such a way that the middle rods will face each other, the flows of the processed liquid coming out of these channels will converge depending on the width of the sound chamber or intersect without reaching the external wall of the sound chamber, or reflected from it, combining in one stream directed to the center of the stator 2. And vice versa, when the rods are located in two adjacent channels 5 in such a way that the middle rods 6 will be apart from each other as far as possible The flows coming from the channels of the processed liquid medium will diverge, creating a pressure drop. The lateral surface of the rods 6 may be cylindrical or different from it. In the latter case, the flow rate of the liquid medium along the gap gap δ ₃ and at the exit from the channels 5 will change.

Figure 2 shows the change in the main trajectory of the fluid flow with increasing angle α.

Figure 3 shows the rods 6 with flats 7, forming a directed high-speed flow of the processed liquid medium.

In Fig.4, the rods 6 are separated from the adjacent lateral sides of the channel 5 by a certain amount, which forms additional pulsation in the sounding chamber.

Figure 5 shows the rod 6 having on the side surface of the corrugation 8 to enhance turbulence.

The device operates as follows. During the partial and then the complete combination of the cross-sections of the channels 4 and 5, respectively, in the rotor 1 and stator 2, the processed liquid medium is pulsed into the sounding chamber 3 in the form of converging and diverging flows of the liquid medium. As a result, all the conditions are created that are necessary for the intensification of the process of mixing liquid media of various properties, including liquid media that cannot be mixed under quasi-static conditions.

The smallest number of rods 6 may be two. In this case, the condition for the displacement of the centers of the rods 6 relative to the axis of the channels 5 and their mutually inverse arrangement in two adjacent channels should be fulfilled.

Claims (7)

1. A rotary apparatus comprising a housing with nozzles for the inlet and outlet of a liquid medium, the concentric rotor and stator, a sounding chamber, rods installed in the channels of the rotor and stator, a rotor drive, characterized in that that the rods installed in the stator channels are located with the displacement of their centers relative to the axis of symmetry of the channels on both sides of the specified axis. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the two adjacent stator channels, the rods are located in a reflected form, and in the channels through one they have the same location. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the shortest distance between two opposite rods and between the surface of each rod and the opposite side surface of the channel is comparable with the width of the channels in the rotor. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods have flats and are installed in such a way that these flats are oriented in pairs parallel to each other. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods have corrugations on the side surface. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods have a lateral surface of cylindrical shape. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels in the stator are made with the same pitch, and the channels in the rotor are made with a variable pitch, or vice versa.

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