RU2309045C1 - Printing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: polygraphy, in particular, printing machines, possible use for applying protective pattern during printing of important documents, in particular, securities of various purposes.

SUBSTANCE: printing machine contains painting system, including paint box with paint separators, painting cylinders comprising rubber cylinders made with circular grooves of alternating width, and plastic cylinders, connected to mechanism for their reciprocating axial movement, and master cylinder, interacting with aforementioned painting cylinders and offset cylinder, which contacts sheets being printed via the printing cylinder. Five rubber cylinders are made with circular grooves, width of circular grooves in which is made in accordance with relationship

where N - cylinder number, in order of appearance starting from paint box; Y(N) - width of circular groove on cylinder number N; Ao - width of paint separator; B - amplitude of axial movement of plastic cylinders. Usage of printing machine ensures minimized flow of paint set, and also even and precise distribution of paints during transportation from paint box onto the surface of master cylinder. Also, due to reduction of amount of used paint, cost of produced printing product is reduced. Multicolor image, produced as a result of printing, uses iris effect, making it possible to create securities with high degree of protection due to identity of characteristics of programmed image and resulting image.

EFFECT: increased efficiency.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to printing, in particular to printing machines, and can be used to apply a protective pattern when printing valuable documents, in particular securities for various purposes.

A printing apparatus of a multi-color indirect Oryol printing machine is known, comprising a printing cylinder, offset cylinder, prefabricated offset cylinder, plate cylinder with prefabricated printing form, patterned colorful rollers and a mechanism for reciprocating movement of patterned colorful rollers (Patent RU No. 2147282, B41F 11/02 , 1999).

A disadvantage of the known printing apparatus is the relative complexity of the design and the insufficiently high resolution of the image resulting from printing.

Also known is a method of forming a multi-color pattern of an Oryol print with an iris effect, comprising applying the main structural component of the pattern in the form of a continuously colored line with a color transition, into which a zone of a smooth transition of colors from one colorful area to another colorful area is introduced with the formation of an iris effect in the drawing within full coverage of the direction of orientation around the circumference (Patent RU No. 2143342, B41F 11/02, 1999).

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to ensure high accuracy of reproducing the spectral characteristics of the image forming the iris effect.

Also known is a printing machine containing a colorful box with ink separators, colorful rollers made of rubber and plastic, a plate cylinder interacting with rollers and an offset cylinder in contact by a printing cylinder with printing sheets, and a mechanism for providing reciprocating movement of the plastic colorful rollers in the axial direction (Technical documentation for the role printing machine T-250 company "Gallus", 1999).

A disadvantage of the known printing machine is the insufficiently high degree of protection of the resulting image and the low efficiency of the printing process.

Known roller inking apparatus of rotary printing machines for supplying ink to adjacent areas adjacent to each other, the barrels of which have annular dividing grooves filled with an elastic tape (DE 2745086 A1, 04/12/1997). Also, the roller can be formed by several separate sleeves spaced apart from each other (DE 875205 A, 04.30.1953).

Also known is a method of manufacturing rollers of a printing machine, according to which the roller is divided into many sections using reversibly decreasing in diameter of the annular narrowing of the coating. In the device that implements the method, executive means are provided for influencing the coating in the radial and axial directions, allowing the roller to be adjusted to various printing plates located next to the gap without replacing the roller, and also to prevent ink accumulation on it in the gap zone between the plates (Patent RU No. 2198793, B41F 31/26, 1997).

The use of a combination of these rollers in colorful machines does not allow us to choose the optimal geometric characteristics of the grooves made on each roller for a given number of rollers, and therefore, to ensure high accuracy of the image formation of the iris effect.

Also known is a transporting ink system for a rotary printing press, comprising plate and printing cylinders, and a plurality of ink rolls made with annular grooves (US Patent No. 5845574, B41F 31/00, 1998). The grooves on the various rollers in the design of the ink system (US Patent No. 6901856, B41F 31/00, 2005) are made with different widths.

The disadvantage of these ink systems is the non-optimal choice of the width of the grooves on the set of ink rollers, which leads to increased ink consumption during printing, as well as to a decrease in the accuracy of reproduction of the specified spectral characteristics of the image in the area of formation of the iris effect.

The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is a printing machine containing a colorful system, including a colorful box with ink separators, colorful rollers, including rubber rollers, made with variable-width annular grooves, and plastic rollers, associated with the mechanism of their reciprocating axial movement, and a plate cylinder interacting with the aforementioned colorful rollers (US No. 5406886, B41F 31/14, 1995).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the increased consumption of inks used in the printing process and the inability to form an iris effect image with specified spectral characteristics due to the absence of a law for changing the width of the grooves made on a combination of rubber colorful rollers.

The technical result, to which the claimed technical solution is directed, is to minimize the consumption of a set of paints, as well as to ensure smooth and accurate distribution of a set of paints when transporting them from a paint box to the surface of a plate cylinder.

This, in turn, provides an increase in the degree of protection of the resulting image due to a smoother transition of colors from one ink plot to another, as well as an increase in the efficiency of the printing process, achieved due to:

- increase the period of routine maintenance of the printing press;

- reducing the cost of creating printed products due to a decrease in the amount of ink used.

The technical result is achieved in a printing machine, which contains a colorful system, including a colorful box with ink separators, colorful rollers, including rubber rollers made with annular grooves of variable width, and plastic rollers associated with the mechanism of their reciprocating axial movement, and a plate cylinder interacting with the aforementioned colorful rollers and an offset cylinder contacting by means of a printing cylinder with sealed sheets, with annular grooves performed five colorful rubber rollers, the width of the annular grooves which are formed according to the relation

where: N is the number of the roller, in the order they follow from the colorful box,

Y (N) is the width of the annular groove on the roller having the number N;

Ao, is the width of the ink divider;

In - the amplitude of the axial movement of the plastic rollers.

This sequence of changing the width of the grooves on various rubber rollers in accordance with the proposed dependence and during the reciprocating movement of the plastic rollers along the axis allows for a more smooth transition of colors from one ink area to another and to minimize the consumption of inks used in the process of creating printed products. The proposed law of changing the width of the annular grooves was obtained by experimental development of the image acquisition process, the results of which are given below.

The invention is illustrated by means of figures in which are schematically shown:

figure 1 - the main nodes of the proposed printing machine;

figure 2 - dependence of the width of the annular grooves on the number of the roller, (Ao = 9, B = 2);

figure 3 is the normalized coefficient (Nk) of the paint consumption for various embodiments of the width of the grooves;

figure 4 - normalized coefficient (Np) of the mismatch of the spectral characteristics of the image in the zone of formation of the iris effect for various embodiments of the width of the grooves;

figure 5 is an example of the execution of the annular grooves on rubber rollers having the numbers N = 3 and N = 5 for the values described in the description of the width of the ink separator and the amplitude of the axial movement of the roller.

The printing press comprises an ink system including an ink box 1 with ink dividers 2, colorful rollers including rubber rollers 3, five of which, according to the invention, are made with annular grooves 4 of variable width (shown in figure 1 with shadow areas around the circumference), and plastic rollers 5 associated with the mechanism 6 of their reciprocating axial movement, while the machine also includes a plate cylinder 7, interacting with the colorful rollers and the offset cylinder 8, which in turn is contacted t by the impression cylinder 9 is sealed with the sheet 10. The width of the annular grooves rubber roller formed according to the relation

where N is the number of the roller, in the order they follow from the colorful box,

Y (N) is the width of the annular groove on the roller, having the number N,

Ao is the width of the ink divider,

In - the amplitude of the axial movement of the plastic rollers.

The number of annular grooves 4 on each of the rubber rollers 3 is determined by the ratio

where P is the number of annular grooves,

to - the number of colors used paint.

The width of the grooves 4 on one rubber roller 3 is different from the width of the grooves 4 on the other roller. Transportation of the printed sheets is carried out by means of a sheet-conducting system 11.

The printing machine operates as follows.

In accordance with the characteristics of the multi-color image, before the printing process, rubber rollers 3 are selected, on which annular grooves 4 are made, and the number of rollers is five. The number of annular grooves on each roller is determined by the ratio

where P is the number of annular grooves,

to - the number of colors used paint.

The width of the grooves 4 on each of the rollers 3 is performed in accordance with the dependence

where N is the number of the roller, in the order from the colorful box,

Y (N) is the width of the annular groove on the roller having the number N, mm,

Ao, - width of the ink separator, mm,

In - the amplitude of the axial movement of the plastic rollers, mm

For example, with the width of the ink separator Ao = 9 mm and the amplitude of the axial movement of the roller B = 2 mm, the width of the grooves is as follows:

Y (1) = 13.0 mm; Y (2) = 17.0 mm; Y (3) = 9.0 mm; Y (4) = 13.0 mm; Y (5) = 17.0 mm.

On each individual roller 3, the annular grooves 4 have the same width, on different rubber rollers - different. Changing the width of the grooves 4 on various rubber rollers 3 in accordance with the proposed dependence and during the reciprocating movement of the plastic rollers 5 along the axis allows to achieve maximum efficiency in obtaining the characteristics of the iris effect, to ensure greater smooth transition of colors from one colorful area to another and to minimize consumption inks used in the process of creating printed products. The proposed law of changing the width of the annular grooves was obtained by experimental development of the image acquisition process, which includes an element with an iris effect. The results of experimental studies on the choice of the law of the width of the annular grooves 4 are shown in figure 3 and figure 4. At the same time, in the process of creating the design of the printing machine, the following rolls were worked out: 1 - with ring grooves of equal width on all the rolls; 2 - with ring grooves of equal width only on rollers with odd numbers; 3 - with annular grooves, the width of which is selected according to the proposed law; 4 - without ring grooves. When performing the width of the grooves 4 according to dependencies other than the one proposed, there was an increased consumption of the used paints, “blurring” of the image area with the iris effect, as well as increased deviations in this area of the obtained spectral characteristics from the programmed ones.

Before starting the printing process, a colorful box 1 with ink dividers 2 is filled with paints, the amount of which is equal to "k". This combination of color shades will create a multi-color image using the iris effect. After turning on the drive with the synchronization mechanism (not shown in FIG.), All the colorful rollers 3 and 5, the plate cylinder 7, the offset cylinder 8 and the printing cylinder 9 of the printing machine receive rotational movements. Moreover, all the plastic rollers 5 due to the mechanism 6 make a reciprocating movement in the axial direction. The multi-color image from the plate cylinder 7 goes to the offset cylinder 8 and then to the printed sheets 10, the supply of which is provided by the sheet-conducting system 11.

The period of routine maintenance of the printing machine when performing the design of rubber rollers 3 with annular grooves 4 is increased, which improves the efficiency of the printing process. In this case, due to a decrease in the amount of ink used, a reduction in the cost of created printed products is achieved. The multicolor image obtained as a result of the printing process using the iris effect allows you to create securities with a high degree of protection due to the identity of the spectral characteristics of the programmed and received images.

Claims (1)

A printing press comprising a colorful system including a colorful box with ink separators, colorful rollers including rubber rollers made with variable-width annular grooves, and plastic rollers associated with a mechanism for their reciprocating axial movement, and a plate cylinder interacting with said colorful rollers and an offset cylinder in contact by means of a printing cylinder with sealed sheets, with five rubber rollers being made with annular grooves, width rotating arm grooves are formed according to the relation

where N is the number of the roller in the order they follow from the colorful box; Y (N) is the width of the annular groove on the roller having the number N; Ao, is the width of the ink divider; In - the amplitude of the axial movement of the plastic rollers.

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