RU239710U1 - TANK CAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of rail transport, in particular to freight tank cars adapted for the transportation of liquids, including petroleum products and technical fluids. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the carrying capacity of a tank car. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the tank car comprises a boiler, a frame, a chassis, automatic coupling devices and braking equipment, wherein frames are rigidly attached to the tank car boiler, each of which is in the form of an upper and lower half-ring, at the end sections of which bevels with rigidly fixed plugs are made. According to the utility model, the frames are made of an omega-shaped profile, and the plugs installed on the end sections of the upper and lower half-rings are located tangentially to the extreme point of the boiler, wherein the ratio of the frame width to the distance between the upper and lower half-rings is a value in the range of b/L = 0.2-0.6. 4 z.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to freight tank cars adapted for the transportation of liquids, including petroleum products and technical fluids.

A railway tank car is known, comprising a boiler including a shell and bottoms connected by welded transverse and longitudinal seams, the boiler is reinforced by composite frames covering the outer surface, mutually connected by their parts and rigidly fixed on the boiler, characterized in that in order to remove the joints of the parts of the composite frames from the zones of the greatest operational stresses arising in the lateral sections of the boiler in the region of the central horizontal plane of the boiler and in the lower part of the boiler in the region of its central vertical longitudinal plane, the joints of the composite frames are located at angles α and β from the central vertical plane of the boiler at its lower and upper points, maintained respectively in the ranges from 38 to 50° and not less than 50° and at a distance S, measured along an arc along the surface of the boiler from the longitudinal welded seams of the boiler and amounting to not less than 100 mm, while the joints of the composite The frames are reinforced with reinforcing elements (patent for utility model RU 175367, IPC B61D 5/00, B65D 88/06, B60P 3/22, published 01.12.2017).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the frames encircle the tank car boiler over its entire diameter, resulting in a reduction in boiler volume due to the inability to bring the boiler walls as close as possible to the railway gauge, thereby reducing the tank car's load-bearing capacity. The composite frames are reinforced to the tank car with reinforcing elements, which increases the metal requirement.

A railway tank car is known, comprising a frame, a chassis, automatic coupling equipment, a boiler containing a shell, two heads, and frames that are shortened in length, meaning the frames are offset upward from the horizontal axis of the boiler and do not span the entire diameter of the boiler. The ends of the frames are chamfered. The source is disclosed online at: https://railfgk.ru/fgkpress/mediabank/photo/tsisterny/(Цистерны) (date of access to the site: September 11, 2025).

A disadvantage is the tank car's insufficient strength, as the frames are shortened, significantly reducing the rigidity and reliability of the car's structure. The beveled lower portion of the frame does not provide sufficient strength, as moisture may ingress during operation, which can lead to corrosion.

A railway tank car for transporting liquid cargo is known, comprising a boiler with two elliptical bottoms, a hatch, a safety inlet valve, a drain device, braking equipment and a chassis, characterized in that it is provided with an additional tank rigidly fixed to the boiler in its lower part, and two half-frames connected to the boiler by means of pivot and backbone lodgements and mounted on two-axle bogies of the chassis of the tank, wherein the drain device of the tank is installed in the additional tank, and each bogie of the chassis of the tank is made with autonomous braking equipment (patent for invention RU 2197400, IPC B61D 5/00, B65D 88/12, published 01/27/2003). This solution is accepted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the insufficient load-bearing capacity of the railway tank car, since the tank design has a large mass due to the fact that the boiler and frames are of significant size, while two frames are installed on the inner surface of the boiler, which are additionally reinforced with strips, which significantly reduces the volume of the boiler, and accordingly, the amount of transported products.

The technical problem is the insufficient load capacity of the tank car, due to the small volume of the boiler.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is an increase in the carrying capacity of a tank car.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the tank car contains a boiler, a frame, a chassis, automatic coupling devices and braking equipment, wherein frames are rigidly attached to the tank car boiler, each of which is an upper and lower half-ring, at the end sections of which bevels with rigidly fixed plugs are made, according to the utility model, the frames are made from an omega-shaped profile, and the plugs installed at the end sections of the upper and lower half-rings are located tangentially to the extreme point of the boiler, wherein the ratio of the width of the frame to the distance between the upper and lower half-rings is a value in the range of b/L=0.2-0.6.

The plug can be made in a rectangular shape.

The plug can be made in a rectangular shape with rounded corners.

Rigid connection of plugs to frame half-rings can be achieved by welding.

Rigid connection of frames to the boiler can be accomplished by welding.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a general view of a tank car;

Fig. 2 shows the section between the frame half-rings;

Fig. 3 shows the section between the frame half-rings from the side;

Fig. 4 shows the end section of the lower half ring of the frame.

Positions on the figures:

1 – boiler,

2 – frame,

3 – chassis,

4 – automatic coupling device,

5 – braking equipment,

6 – frame,

6.1 – upper half ring of the frame,

6.2 – lower half ring of the frame,

6.3 – frame plug,

6.4 – frame bevel,

b – width of the frame,

L – the distance between the upper and lower half rings of the frame.

The claimed tank car comprises a boiler 1, a frame 2, a chassis 3, automatic coupling devices 4 and braking equipment 5, wherein frames 6 are fixed on the surface of the boiler 1. Frame 6 comprises an upper 6.1 half ring and a lower 6.2 half ring, wherein half rings 6.1, 6.2 are not connected to each other, but have a gap, which is located in the middle part of the boiler 1. The end sections of the upper 6.1 and lower 6.2 half rings are made with bevels 6.4, to the edges of which plugs 6.3 are rigidly fixed. Plugs 6.3, installed on the end sections of the upper 6.1 and lower 6.2 half rings, are located tangentially to the extreme point of the boiler 1. Plug 6.3 can be made of a rectangular shape or a rectangular shape with rounded corners. Frames 6 are made of an omega-shaped profile. The ratio of the width b of frame 6 to the distance L between the upper 6.1 and lower 6.2 half rings is in the range b/L = 0.2-0.6. The rigid connection of frames 6 to boiler 1 and plugs 6.3 to half rings 6.1 and 6.2 of frame 6 is accomplished by welding.

The use of frames, as in the prototype, significantly reduces the boiler volume, as they are made of a U-shaped profile with fairly large dimensions and extend significantly beyond the boiler, reducing the boiler volume and the tank car's load-bearing capacity. The use of smaller frames, with a small gap between the upper and lower frame half-rings, as well as a chamfer at their ends, increases the boiler volume and the tank car's load-bearing capacity while still ensuring the car passes railway clearance. Omega-shaped frames prevent stress on welds at the boiler connection area and on the frames themselves, and promote uniform load distribution, maintaining the boiler's strength and reliability. This prevents damage to the car's boiler and prevents accidents. The frame width b and the distance L between the half rings were experimentally calculated to ensure a rigid cylindrical shape of the boiler and promote the redistribution of mechanical stresses to prevent the formation of stress concentrations, which reduces the risk of localized deformations and increases the durability of the structure. The characteristics described above allow for an increase in boiler volume while maintaining the boiler's strength and rigidity, significantly increasing the tank car's load-bearing capacity.

The placement of the plugs tangentially to the outermost point of the boiler allows for increased boiler volume by ensuring that the upper and lower frames in the rupture zone do not extend beyond the boiler's dimensions. The bevels on the end sections of the half rings are designed to increase the length of the half ring itself, allowing for a longer weld seam and maintaining strength. The use of bevels on the half rings of the frames reduces the metal content of the frames, resulting in increased load-bearing capacity. These features increase volume, reduce metal content, and maintain frame strength, which together increase the load-bearing capacity of the tank car.

It has been experimentally proven that applying the stated ratio of frame width b to the distance L between the upper and lower half-rings increases the boiler's load-bearing capacity while also increasing its volume and maintaining its strength. Increasing the ratio, for example, b/L = 0.7, results in an increase in the frame width b and a decrease in the relative distance L between the half-rings. As a result, the metal consumption significantly increases and the boiler volume decreases, which negatively impacts the tank car's load-bearing capacity. Decreasing the ratio, for example, b/L = 0.1, results in a decrease in the frame width b and/or an increase in the distance L between the half-rings, which, consequently, reduces the strength of the boiler and frame, which, overall, negatively impacts the tank car's performance. Examples of values from these ranges are given in Table 1. Each value from the declared range is expressed by a specific value from a continuously changing range of values of the ratios b/L=0.2-0.6, each of which affects the achievement of the declared technical result.

Table 1

The meaning of the b/L ratio 0.10 0.20 0.42 0.60 0.70 Strength of a tank car low sufficient excessive Volume of the tank car boiler excessive optimal short Load capacity of a tank car excessive optimal low

An experimental tank car was manufactured, which contained a boiler 1, a frame 2, a chassis 3, automatic coupling devices 4, and braking equipment 5, while frames 6 were installed on the surface of the boiler 1. Frames 6 were made of an omega-shaped profile, and each frame 6 contained an upper 6.1 and a lower 6.2 half-rings that were not connected to each other. At the end sections of the upper 6.1 and lower 6.2 half-rings, bevels 6.4 were made, to the edges of which plugs 6.3 were rigidly fixed, which were located tangent to the extreme point of the boiler 1. The ratio of the width b of frame 6 to the distance L between the upper 6.1 and lower 6.2 half-rings was equal to b / L = 0.42.

Consequently, the claimed utility model allows for the technical result of increasing the carrying capacity of a tank car.

Claims (5)

1. A tank car comprising a boiler, a frame, a chassis, automatic coupling devices and braking equipment, wherein frames are rigidly attached to the tank car boiler, each of which is an upper and lower half-ring, at the end sections of which bevels with rigidly fixed plugs are made, characterized in that the frames are made of an omega-shaped profile, and the plugs installed at the end sections of the upper and lower half-rings are located tangentially to the extreme point of the boiler, wherein the ratio of the width of the frame to the distance between the upper and lower half-rings is a value in the range b/L=0.2-0.6. 2. A tank car according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the plug is made of a rectangular shape. 3. A tank car according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the plug is made of a rectangular shape with rounded corners. 4. A tank car according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the rigid connection of the plugs to the frame half-rings is made by welding. 5. A tank car according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the rigid connection of the frames to the boiler is made by welding.