RU2391678C2 - Method and device for measuring and suppressing physical processes (fields) of surrounding medium through self-adjusting reference process (field) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: object is exposed to the effect of a reference signal which is converted to an equivalent physical process (field) and masked, where the said object is detected through subsequent special processing of the fraction of energy reflected from the object (echo signal) and received remotely, from results of exposing the said object to the defined physical process (field), formed by a probing signal. The final initial number of initial cosine harmonic components, from which a reference electric signal is synthesised through summation and converted to a reference physical process (field), if formed through a self-adjusting reference process (field) from the set initial value of the number of terms of the series of frequencies (frequency spectrum dimensions), phase and amplitude. The physical process (field) of the surrounding medium is compensatively acted upon through emission into the surrounding medium of the synthesised electric signal which is converted to the reference physical process (field) and inverse conversion of the result of interaction of the reference physical process (field) with the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium into an electric composite signal is done in real time. Self-adjustment of initial values of parametres - amplitude and phase - is carried out for each cosine component of the reference signal from the obtained electric composite signal through quadrature demodulation for the set frequency spectrum dimensions, based on the negative feedback principle. As a result of self-adjustment of parametres of cosine components and frequency spectrum dimensions of the reference signal, measured phase and amplitude values of cosine components and the form of variation of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium are obtained in real time, and so, energy of the surrounding medium in dynamic conditions, which compensatively suppresses energy of the physical processes (fields) of the surrounding medium. In order to identify the form of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, intentional or unintentional interruption of some source of energy and establishing its character and coordinates, measured phase and amplitude values of cosine components of the reference signal, as well as the frequency spectrum dimensions are used as features, which establish spatial variation of the form of the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, which are compared to measurement results on subsequent measurement cycles preceding them. Either acoustic or electromagnetic or some other signals or composition thereof are used as the reference physical process (field) and the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium. In another version the device has a direct converter for converting an electric signal to the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium, an inverse converter for converting the physical process (field) of the surrounding medium to an electric signal, a unit for identifying patterns and situations in the external medium, a control unit, a reference signal generator unit with self-adjusting form and a unit for self-adjustment of the reference signal generator with self-adjusting form.

EFFECT: provision for a function for measuring parametres and characteristics of an input signal, active suppression of energy, and solving the task of measuring a varying physical process of surrounding medium.

10 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention "A method and apparatus for measuring and suppressing physical processes (fields) of the environment by a self-supporting support process (field)" relates to measuring technique and technical cybernetics and can be used to measure parameters and forms of the physical process (field) of the environment, as well as compensation of the energy of the physical process (field) of the environment, by means of the compensation effect on the physical process (field) of the environment synthesized by the equivalent measurement results ( PORN) physical process (field). The invention can also be used: for masking an object, the detection of which can be carried out by an echo signal from a targeted effect on the object by a physical process or a probe signal, for example, ultrasonic or electromagnetic radiation; to determine the fact of the appearance of an external object and its coordinates, by changing the physical process (field) of the environment in the controlled area compared to its initial state; for object recognition, by distorting the energy of an external physical process (field) in a controlled area.

A known method of measurement with a reference random process (see, for example, Tikhonov EP Adaptive methods, algorithms and structures in probabilistic measurements with a reference random process. Abstract of dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences. Leningrad 1983. Tikhonov EP Measurements with a reference random process, Metrology, 1985, No. 10, pp. 20-29. Tikhonov EP Adaptive measurement method using a reference random process as a measure - In: Problems of metrological support of measurement information processing systems II: Thesis Report IV All-Union Conf. M., 1982, pp. 61-62, etc.), which consists in comparing the parameters or characteristics of the input signal with the corresponding parameters or characteristics of the reference random signal, followed by iterative adjustment of these parameters or characteristics to achievement of the measurement result. In this case, the measurement result is recorded upon balancing the measured parameters or the characteristics of the input and reference signals. Neither the shape nor the probability characteristics (except for individual parameters) of the reference signal are adjusted to the shape of the measured signal. Therefore, the disadvantages of the known method is that according to the results of comparing the parameters or characteristics of the input and reference signal with a priori known characteristics, only probabilistic characteristics and parameters of the input signal are measured without taking into account its time-varying form. The process of measuring the selected probabilistic characteristic of the input signal is achieved by balancing its parameter (argument) until the measured probabilistic characteristic is equal to the a priori known similar probabilistic characteristic of the reference random process without self-tuning the shape of the reference signal. Note that the known method was experimentally tested and implemented in industrial samples (F-790, K-741), which is documented.

Probabilistic characteristics and, moreover, parameters represent only irreversible compressed information about the signal. Therefore, the measurement of probability characteristics and parameters in the known method limits the scope of its application for solving problems such as recognition, determining the coordinates of an object and cannot be used in principle to compensate (suppress) the energy of the selected physical process of the environment, as well as to mask objects when trying their detection by echo through specially generated, for example, ultrasonic or electromagnetic sounding signals.

As signs describing the signal, you can use the values of its probabilistic characteristics and parameters. However, these signs are not informative enough and can only be used to solve the classification problem and a limited range of recognition problems. The recognition problem can be solved by a variety of features that are directly related to the waveform. Such signs include, for example, the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency spectrum of the signal, according to which, in accordance with the inverse Fourier transform, the waveform can be restored. However, real-time measurement of the indicated characteristics of the signal is quite difficult to implement and is associated with significant hardware and time costs, which makes it difficult to recognize and practically does not solve the problem of suppressing environmental energy in real time, for example, acoustic noise, using the inverse Fourier transform with subsequent extrapolation of the synthesized signal.

In the known method and method of comparison with the measure and in its modifications, such as contrasting methods, differential, zero or compensation, the implementation provides for the presence of a device that reproduces the a priori set value of the measure, and a specially introduced comparison device (discriminator, zero-organ). Known compensation methods and measurement methods for both constant and variable electrical signals are based on compensation of the measured electrical signal by a signal generated in one way or another, for example, exemplary resistance (see, for example, Malikov SF, Tyurin N .I., Introduction to metrology, - 2nd ed., M., 1966, and also K. Karandeyev, Special methods of electrical measurements, - M. - L., 1963). In this case, the compensation measurement method is one of the variants of the comparison method with a measure in which the resulting effect of the influence of the values by means of the comparison device is brought to zero (a zero reading of the comparison device is achieved). It is known that the compensation method and the measurement method are highly accurate. It depends on the sensitivity of the null organ that controls the process of making compensation, and on the accuracy of determining the value of an a priori established measure that compensates for the measured value. However, the technical implementation of the compensation function when measuring by known methods using a device that reproduces the a priori set value of the measure, and a specially introduced comparison device (discriminator, zero-organ) with high accuracy for signals randomly changing in time over several parameters simultaneously is practically impossible. This requires solving the problem to create a real-time multidimensional, high-precision measure and algorithm for the subsequent extrapolation of the compensating signal, which is practically identical to the compensated input signal.

Also known are devices that implement a measurement method with a reference random process (see, for example, AS No. 235412, class 42m ⁴ , 7/52, “Device for measuring the distribution function of random signals” by Tikhonov EP Date of publication 01/16/1969, BI No. 5). This device, which contains an amplifier, modulator, amplitude discriminator, a reversible counter, a sample level controller, an exclusively-OR logic circuit, introduces a random-amplitude pulse generator, the output of which is connected through a second amplitude discriminator to one of the inputs of the exclusively-OR logic circuit ". Separate inputs of the logic circuit are connected to the subtracting and summing inputs of the reversible counter, the parallel outputs of which are connected to the input of the first amplitude discriminator through the input code-analog converter. As a result of this connection, the outputs of the first and second discriminator are compared with each other, that is, the corresponding conversion of the input and reference random signal. According to the results of the comparison, it is regulated through the negative feedback circuit, through the sampling level controller, consisting of a reversible counter and a code-to-analog converter, the response threshold of the first discriminator until the frequency exceeds the input threshold of the adjustable threshold, the frequency of the reference random signal exceeding the threshold of the second discriminator. Thus, in this device, the values of the probability distribution function of the input signal are measured by the a priori established values of the distribution function of the reference random signal without taking into account its shape, which does not allow solving the problems of active noise suppression and other tasks listed above.

In accordance with the considered measurement principle with a reference random process, the invention “Installation for verification of measuring four-port devices” in a.s. SU No. 1594461 A1, G01R 31/28 authors Prizenko SV, Tikhonova EP, Yakushenko EA with the date of publication of September 23, 1990, BI No. 35. In this installation, by compensating for the amplitude and phase deviation of the output signal of the verified quadrupole relative to the reference one, the degree of their non-identity is measured and thereby verification of the measuring quadrupole is carried out. This device essentially implements the same measurement method with a reference random process, which is formed from a random test signal at the output of an exemplary measuring four-terminal device. Two triggers, two inverters, an adder modulo two and two “I” circuits connected to the corresponding outputs of the reference and verified measuring four-port devices perform the function of comparing the degree of non-identity of the output signals of these four-terminal devices, by which the deviation of the corresponding characteristics of the reference and verified four-terminal device is measured. The disadvantage of this device, which implements virtually the same measurement method with a reference random process, is its significant specialization, since it measures by compensating only the deviation error of the corresponding frequency characteristics for the installed single measuring four-terminal devices and, therefore, does not solve the problem of their classification, for example, by type, and even more so, the task of recognizing the appearance of a four-terminal network and the other tasks listed above. Other similar devices are known.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is A. with. No. 354431, class G06g 7/52 “Device for measuring the distribution function of random signals” by Tikhonov EP with the publication date 10/09/1972, BI No. 30. This device contains a sampling level controller, a serially connected amplifier, modulator, amplitude discriminator of the input signal, an exclusive-OR logic circuit, a gate pulse generator, a model random signal generator, a reversible counter, a digital-to-analog converter, an analog adder, and a recorder. In this device, designed to measure the probabilistic characteristics of random processes, namely, the probability distribution function, the model generator of the random signal and the discriminator in the aggregate actually form a block of the reference signal generator in the form of a binary sequence with an adjustable frequency and, therefore, the probability of occurrence of unity. A reversible counter, a digital-to-analog converter, and an additionally introduced analog voltage adder and an accumulating adder essentially form a self-tuning unit for the parameters of the reference signal generator in the form of a binary sequence. Indeed, the probability of the appearance of a unit equal to the value of the distribution function of random pulses at the discriminator output is changed by adjusting the sampling level according to the principle of negative feedback, which is carried out at the input of the discriminator, which is connected through one of the inputs to the output of the analog voltage adder. The first and second inputs of the analog voltage combiner are connected respectively to the outputs of the sample level controller and digital-to-analog converter. In this case, the input of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the parallel outputs of the reversible counter, the summing and subtracting input of which is connected to the separate outputs of the Exclusive-OR circuit. At the outputs of the Exclusively-OR circuit, which performs the function of comparing the input and reference (exemplary) binary sequences generated at the outputs of the respective discriminators, an unbalance (error) signal is generated by the frequency of occurrence of a unit in the input and reference binary sequences. The “Exclusively-OR” scheme by modulo-two summing performs the function of comparing binary sequences due to the superposition of the reference and input signal and is essentially a mixer. The input signal amplifier, modulator, gating pulse generator and discriminator form a circuit for converting an input continuous electrical signal into an electrical signal of another form - a signal in the form of a binary sequence.

The result of the operation of this device is that only the distribution function of the random input signal is measured by comparing it with the a priori specified distribution function of the reference random signal. In this case, a compensation method of measurement is carried out, since by compensating the sample levels (argument) of the distribution functions, the deviation of the distribution functions of the input and reference signal at a given point of its argument is brought to zero in the form of the frequencies of occurrence of ones and zeros at the outputs of the discriminators. The disadvantage of this device is that the found deviation of the measured distribution function from the distribution function of the sample random signal is not used for measurement and, accordingly, to compensate for the shape of the input signal, and the magnitude of its deviation is only recorded on the accumulating adder.

Thus, these known methods and devices fundamentally do not provide a combination of the measurement function of the parameters and characteristics of the input signal, the equivalent energy of the changing physical process of the environment, with the measurement of its shape and, moreover, cannot use the measurement results for self-tuning the shape of the reference signal identical to the shape input signal. Thus, the known method and devices cannot provide a solution to the problem of actively suppressing energy that changes the physical process (field) of the environment by exposing it to a reference signal transformed into an equivalent physical process (field), since they cannot provide the function of self-tuning the shape of the reference signal in the form of the input signal. Therefore, the known method and the corresponding devices also do not provide a solution to the object masking task, the detection of which is carried out by subsequent special processing of the energy fraction echo-signal reflected from the object remotely, based on the results of exposure to this object by a specific physical process (field) generated by the probe signal. The known method and the corresponding devices, due to limitations on the measured probabilistic characteristics, cannot reliably recognize an object that reflects energy, functionally dependent on the configuration (shape) of the object according to the results of exposure to it by a physical process. The known method and corresponding devices cannot, for the same reason, detect with sufficient certainty the presence of another object and, moreover, determine its coordinates by distorting the physical process (field) of the environment relative to its original shape. As an acting physical process (field) in solving the problem of detection and recognition, for example, ultrasonic, electromagnetic or other radiation can be used, the conversion of which is possible into an electrical signal.

Thus, the totality of the analyzed new distinguishing features from the prior art has not been identified, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the patentability condition "inventive step".

The technical result of the proposed method is the implementation in real time of the measurement function in the dynamics of the parameters (amplitude, phase and dimension of the frequency grid) of the cosine components and due to their superposition of the formation according to the measurement results of the configuration of the process (field) of the environment in a wide dynamic range with obtaining a new quality extending the functionality of the method. To expand the functionality of the method include: compensation (suppression) of environmental energy; recognition of an external object, the proportion of distortion of energy from which falls into the region of the environment that is under the influence of the reference random process (field); detection and determination of location (i.e. coordinates) by the size and shape of the distortion of the original, not distorted physical process (field) of the environment; masking the object emitter of the reference signal by suppressing environmental energy, including the fraction of reflected energy in the form of an echo signal.

The technical result of the device for measuring, actively suppressing and recognizing the shape of the physical processes (fields) of the environment that implements the method is to measure the totality of the parameters and forms of the physical process (field) of the environment in a wide dynamic range in real time when expanding the functionality of the device, and namely: compensation (suppression) of environmental energy; recognition of an external object; detection and location of the object; active masking of the object-emitter of the reference signal (field) while reducing the error in measuring the shape of the physical processes (fields) of the environment.

The essence of the proposed group of inventions to achieve a technical result is as follows. In accordance with the method of measuring and suppressing the physical processes (fields) of the environment by means of a self-adjusting reference process (field), according to the established initial value of the number of members of a series of frequencies (dimension of the frequency grid), phases and amplitudes, a final initial number of initial cosine harmonic components is formed, of which by summing, the reference electrical signal is synthesized and converted into a reference physical process (field). By radiation into the environment, the synthesized reference electrical signal converted to the reference physical process (field) affects the physical process (field) of the environment and real-time reverse transformation of the result of the interaction of the reference physical process (field) with the physical process (field) of the environment in electrical composite signal. The resulting electrical composite signal is multiplied separately for each frequency by cosine and additional sine harmonic components obtained from it with unit amplitudes and phases shifted by 180 ° or π rad relative to the original cosine components of the reference electrical signal. According to the results of multiplication, separately for each cosine and additional sine components (quadrature demodulation), the averaging, for example, exponential smoothing, is adjusted according to the selected iterative algorithm, the initial values of the amplitudes and phases of the original cosine harmonic components and, thus, are carried out for the established dimension of the frequency grid by based on the principle of negative feedback self-tuning for each cosine component of the reference signal, the initial values of the parameter in - amplitudes and phases. Using the obtained cosine harmonic components with the adjusted parameters, the already adjusted reference signal and, accordingly, the physical process (field), by which radiation affects the physical process (field) of the environment, are synthesized again by summing up again at the next time step. According to the results of the corrected impact on the current clock cycle and subsequent cycles, the iterations described above are continuously repeated and, after the transition process, the energy of the physical process (field) of the environment is converted into the equivalent energy of the physical process (field) by synthesized parameters of the components of the cosine signals, which are synthesized supporting process (field). As a result of the self-tuning of the parameters of the cosine components of the reference signal, the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components and the form of the change in the physical process (field) of the environment and, thereby, the energy of the environment in dynamics, which compensate the energy of physical processes (fields) in real time, are obtained ) environment.

To increase the speed and accuracy of compensation of the energy of the physical process (field) of the environment in dynamics, the initial value of the dimension of the grid of frequencies of the cosine components is adjusted according to the principle of negative feedback depending on the magnitude of the energy measure of the composite electric signal at a rate with the self-tuning of the parameters of the cosine components of the reference signal.

To recognize the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal, as well as the dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components, which are compared with the signs previously recorded in the storage device, are used as signs.

To recognize the fact of a deliberate or not intentional change in the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, for example, due to the intrusion of another energy source, the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal, as well as the dimension of the frequency grid, which are real the time scale is stored on previous measurement time steps and compared with the measurement results on previous or subsequent measurement steps.

To recognize the coordinates and the source image of an intentional or not intentional change in the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, they are obtained from spatially distributed transducers of the energy forms of the physical process (field) and the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal and the grid dimension are used as signs frequencies that are compared in real time with each other and the characteristics of the initial we physical process (field) environment.

To simplify the calculation algorithm, orthogonal periodic signals with self-tuning parameters other than harmonic components are set as components of the reference signal, for example, in accordance with the Walsh or Hara function.

As a supporting physical process (field) and physical process (field) of the environment, either acoustic, or electromagnetic, or hydrodynamic, or other signals, or their composition, is used.

To achieve a technical result in accordance with the proposed method, an apparatus for measuring a random signal distribution function comprising an input amplifier, a pulse generator, a modulator, an amplitude discriminator, a level regulator, which essentially form a circuit for converting an electrical signal into an electric signal of a different shape, a model random signal generator , a discriminator of pulses of a random sequence, forming essentially a block of a reference signal generator in the form of a binary sequence In addition, with an adjustable probability of occurrence of a unit, a reversible counter, a digital-to-analog converter, and an analog voltage combiner, which form essentially a self-tuning unit for the parameters of the reference signal generator in the form of a binary sequence, an exclusively-or logic circuit, which essentially form a comparison circuit, to expand the functionality, including measurement of the parameters of physical processes (fields) of the environment, a direct converter of the electrical signal into the physical percent is introduced ss (field) environment inverter physical process (field) environment into an electrical signal, the pattern recognition unit and situations in the environment control unit. Moreover, the block of the reference signal generator and the circuit for converting the electric signal into an electric signal of another shape are made in the form of a block of a reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape, the unit for self-tuning the parameters of the reference signal generator in a binary sequence is made in the form of a self-tuning block of parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape. The function of the comparison circuit is performed by the environment. The block of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form is connected to the input of the direct converter of the electric signal into the physical process (field) of the environment at the first output, and is connected, respectively, to the second input of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form, the first input of which is connected to the output of the inverse transducer of the physical process (field) of the environment into an electrical signal, and the first and second outputs are connected in parallel to the first and the second inputs of the pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment and the first and second inputs of the block of the reference signal generator with a self-adjusting shape. The third input of the reference signal generator block with a self-tuning shape is connected to the third output of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape. The output and input of the direct and inverse converters of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment and the physical process (field) of the environment into the electrical signal are connected directly to the environment. The control unit for the control input-output is connected in parallel with the control inputs and outputs of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape, a self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape and with a pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment. The block of the reference signal generator with a self-adjusting form consists of a generator-synthesizer of the frequency grid of the cosine components, a phase change circuit for the frequency grid, an amplitude change circuit for the frequency grid, a reference synthesizer-adder, and a digital-to-analog converter. In this case, the output of the generator-synthesizer of the cosine component frequency grid is connected to the first input of the phase change circuit for the frequency grid, the first output of which is connected to the input of the frequency grid amplitude change circuit, and the second output is connected to the second output of the reference signal generator block with a self-tuning shape. The output of the circuit for changing the amplitude of the frequency grid is connected to the input of the synthesizer-adder of the reference signal, the output of which is connected via a digital-to-analog converter to the first output of the block of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape. The control inputs and outputs of the generator-synthesizer of the cosine component frequency grid, phase and amplitude change schemes for the frequency grid, and the reference synthesizer adder are connected to the control input-output of the reference signal generator block with a self-adjusting shape.

The self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape consists of an analog-to-digital converter, a cosine to sine converter, a phase self-tuning circuit, an amplitude self-tuning circuit, an error control circuit and a frequency grid dimension. In this case, the first input of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape through an analog-to-digital converter is connected in parallel with the first inputs of the phase self-tuning circuit, the amplitude self-tuning circuit, and the input of the error control and frequency grid dimension control circuit. The second input of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape is connected in parallel with the second input of the amplitude self-tuning circuit and the input of the cosine to sine converter, the output of which is connected to the second input of the phase self-tuning circuit. The output of the phase self-tuning circuit is connected to the first output of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the amplitude self-tuning circuit and the error control and frequency grid dimension control circuit. The control inputs and outputs of the phase self-tuning circuit, the amplitude self-tuning circuit, and the error and dimensionality control circuit of the frequency grid are connected to the control input and output of the self-tuning unit of the reference signal generator parameters with a self-tuning shape.

The recognition unit for patterns and situations in the external environment consists of a storage device for signs (measured values of phases, amplitudes, as well as the dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components) and a decision circuit. In this case, the first and second inputs of the decision-making circuit are connected and the storage of signs is connected in parallel with the first and second input of the recognition unit of patterns and situations in the external environment, and the third input of the decision-making unit is connected to the output of the storage of signs. The control inputs and outputs of the characteristic memory device and decision-making schemes are connected to the control inputs and outputs of the pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment.

The inventive group of inventions is intended to measure the parameters of a physical process or field of the environment and its shape, by generating, converting and emitting into the environment of the supporting process (field) in equivalent physical environment and shape. The equivalence of the physical content is achieved by converting the electrical reference signal into the physical process (field) of the environment. The equivalence of the form of the supporting process (field) is ensured by the fact that in the process of its interaction with the environment in real time, the parameters and characteristics of the components of the supporting process (field) are self-adjusted to complete or at least partial compensation by the supporting process (field) of the corresponding process ( field) environment. In the event of a change in the time of the process (field) of the environment commensurate with the dynamics of self-tuning of the parameters and characteristics of the reference process (field), the degree of compensation by the reference process (field) of the corresponding process (field) of the environment depends on the dynamics of self-tuning of the characteristics and parameters of its components. The process of self-tuning the characteristics and parameters of the reference signal is extrapolating (predictive), therefore, by mistake of extrapolating the form of the physical process (field) of the environment by the reference signal and, therefore, by mistake of extrapolating compensation, the characteristics and parameters of the reference signal are self-tuning. As a result of a complete in statics or partial in the dynamics of extrapolation compensation reference process (field) of the corresponding process (field) of the environment, the proposed method and device perform:

- measurement of the parameters and form of the physical process (field) of the environment, converted into an electrical signal, with an error determined by the dynamics of the probability characteristics of the physical process (field) of the environment;

- suppression of the energy of a changing physical process (field) of the environment based on the result of its compensation by a reference signal converted into an equivalent physical process (field), whose shape in real time is continuously self-adjusting to the form of the process (field) of the environment in accordance with the established iterative algorithm;

- masking of the object-emitter of the reference process (field) when exposed to the environment by an external source of radiation of the physical process (field) in order to detect by the echo signal of the object-emitter;

- detection of the appearance of a new object in the environment;

- determination of the coordinates of a new object in the environment due to spatial distortion of the original form of the physical process (field) of the environment and the fraction of energy reflected from the object;

- recognition of the object, including due to the fraction of energy reflected from the object and non-linear interaction of the object’s own field with the reference signal transformed into the corresponding physical process (field).

In this case, the suppression of the energy of a changing physical process (field) of the environment and masking of the emitter object of the reference process (field) when exposed to the environment by an external radiation source of the physical process (field) in order to detect the emitter object are the technical result of the invention, due to the proposed method measuring parameters and forms of the physical process (field) of the environment. The fact of measurement in the proposed method is possible only by compensating for the corresponding physical process of the environment, including the component of the physical process acting and reflected from the object in the form of an echo signal, since the environment performs the function of the null organ. Indeed, in the process of the compensation interaction of the formed supporting physical process (field) with the physical process (field) of the environment, the extrapolating compensation error value is used to self-adjust the parameters of the cosine components of the reference signal shape to its complete identity with the signal form describing the physical process (field) of the environment. When performing self-tuning, compensation suppresses the energy of the environment, including the fraction of the energy of the source object of the reference signal introduced into the environment reflected from it. As a result of compensation of the reflected energy from the reference signal source object, including the fraction of the ambient energy distorted by it, this object is masked, which is detected by exposing the reference signal source object to a physical process, for example, external ultrasonic or electromagnetic radiation generated specially for this, for example, for location purposes. The parameters of the reference signal obtained as a result of the measurement, due to self-tuning, are identified with the essential features of the process (field) of the environment and used to recognize the shape of the physical process of the field of the environment. In this case, the complete identity of the shape and parameters of the reference signal and the signal describing the process (field) of the environment is achieved in statics or for some dynamics of the environmental characteristics in the absence of the effect of nonlinear interaction of the reference process (field) with the process (field) of the environment. In the event of a nonlinear effect of the interaction of the reference process (field) with the environmental process (field) by introducing an additional grid of a high-frequency network of cosine components, according to the method, firstly, the fact of detecting this interaction is realized and, secondly, the magnitude and parameters are determined this interaction on additional high-frequency cosine components. In the nonlinear interaction of the environment with the supporting physical process (field), complete compensation of the energy of the environment is not achieved. However, the power of the non-compensated high-frequency component of the energy of the physical process (field) of the environment, resulting from non-linear interaction, is significantly less than the compensated low-frequency component of the energy of the physical process (field) of the environment.

According to the results of the interaction of the reference signal with the process (field) of the environment, by real-time self-tuning of the form of the reference random process (field), the dynamics of the parameters and, in general, the shape of the process (field) of the environment are measured by the measurement method, similar to the comparison with measure not identical to it, in fact of any kind of physical processes (fields) that can be converted into an electrical signal. A distinctive feature in the proposed method is the absence, as such, of a device that performs the function of comparison, which is a mandatory attribute of known measurement methods. This is precisely due to the fact that a function similar to the function of comparing the reference and measured process (fields) in the proposed method is performed indirectly in the physical space in which the interaction takes place in the form of a superposition of the compared physical processes (fields). Based on the result of this interaction, the amplitudes and phases of the harmonic components of the supporting process (field) are isolated and self-tuning. Self-tuning of these parameters is carried out according to a multidimensional iterative algorithm, the convergence of which to a stable value (to a fixed point) or to a certain neighborhood of it is possible only with full or limited compensation by the reference process (field) of the environmental process (field). In addition, by introducing the control function of the compensation error, in the proposed method, self-tuning of the dimension of the frequency grid or the number of members of the series of frequencies of the cosine components of the reference process is carried out. The application of the proposed approach is also due to the fact that the technical implementation of the comparison function by known methods with high accuracy for time-varying signals simultaneously in several parameters is practically impossible. The consequence of solving this problem in the proposed measurement method with a self-tuning reference signal is just a new quality that extends the functionality of the proposed method. Indeed, the recognition of an external object is carried out by comparing the parameters of the reference signal obtained as a result of self-tuning when measuring an unknown physical process (field), with the parameters of the reference signal (settings) obtained and stored as a result of a preliminary measurement or other analysis of many known physical processes (fields) ) The effect of detecting the parameters of a physical process (field) and determining the location of an object is achieved by recording the measurement results of the parameters of the physical process (field) surrounding the object at the current time and comparing them with previously obtained or delayed for a fixed time interval results of the previous measurement in the absence of the object. The nonlinear interaction of the transformed reference process (field) with the process (field) of the environment is detected and measured by additional generation of high-frequency cosine components, which are used to compensate for the corresponding part of the spectrum of the composite signal. Masking of the object-emitter of the reference signal (field) is achieved by compensating not only the passive component of the physical process (field) surrounding the object-emitter of the reference signal of the medium, but also the active component of this medium arising from an external source, including occasionally in the form of an echo signal.

The essence of the proposed solutions is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 - graphs illustrating the compensation of one harmonic of the input signal:

X (i) = Bsin (2πfi + π / 4), where f: = 0.0125; B: = 1, the harmonic of the reference signal:

Y (i) = A (i) * cos (2πfi + π + Ψ (i)), i = 1, 2, ...;

figure 2 - graphs illustrating the compensation of the three harmonics of the input signal, a reference signal consisting of three harmonics;

figure 3 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the phase and amplitude of the reference signal depending on the number of iteration cycles when compensating for the input signal, consisting of one harmonic, with an amplitude equal to one and a phase equal to 1.4;

4 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the phases and amplitudes of the reference signal depending on the number of iteration cycles when compensating for an input signal consisting of seven different harmonics with different phases;

5 is a structural diagram of a device for measuring, actively suppressing and recognizing the shape of physical processes (fields) of the environment.

The method is as follows. It is known that any signal with sufficient restrictions for technical applications can be represented as a series of orthogonal functions, for example, trigonometric functions. In the future, for simplicity, this particular type of representation is considered. Therefore, the reference process (field) or signal is represented as a series of trigonometric functions with established initial values of the parameters. Based on preliminary data on the class of possible signals describing many environmental conditions, the maximum possible dynamic range for this class and the initial values of frequency, phase, and amplitude are determined. The initial values of the last two parameters should be set equal to zero. At zero initial data, at the first iteration step, a zero reference electrical signal is obtained, the conversion of which gives a zero reference physical process (field). Therefore, the result of the interaction at the first step of the iteration with a zero supporting physical process (field) and a physical process (field) of the environment is the direct physical process (field) of the environment, according to which, in accordance with the steps described below, the initial values of the parameters of the cosine components of the support are corrected or adjusted signal on the first step of the iteration. These actions are as follows. In real time, that is, at a pace with the effect formed by the supporting physical process (field) on the identical physical process (field) of the environment, the result of the interaction of the supporting physical process (field) with a similar process (field) of the environment is reversed into electrical compositional signal. Separately, for each frequency selected from the initial initial series of frequencies, the composite signal is multiplied by the harmonic components of the reference signal (cosine and sine) that are fixedly shifted relative to each other, but with a unit amplitude and initial values of the initial phase (at the first measurement step, the initial phase values equal to zero). According to the adopted iterative algorithm, for example, the exponential smoothing algorithm, the initial values of the phase and amplitude for each component of the reference signal are corrected according to the multiplication results. Thanks to the application of the iterative algorithm, for the established dimension of the frequency grid in accordance with the proposed method, based on the principle of negative feedback, self-tuning of the parameters of the cosine components is performed in accordance with the algorithm analytically described in accordance with the formulas

и A_m(nΔt) - амплитуды косинусных составляющих опорного сигнала для m-й гармоники частоты ω на n+1 и n-м временных тактах итерации длительностью Δt;Where

and A _m (nΔt) are the amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal for the m-th harmonic of frequency ω at n + 1 and n-th time iteration cycles of duration Δt;

и Ψ_m(nΔt) - фазы косинусных составляющих опорного сигнала для m-й гармоники частоты ω на n+1 и n-м временных тактах итерации длительностью Δt;

and Ψ _m (nΔt) are the phases of the cosine components of the reference signal for the mth harmonic of frequency ω at n + 1 and nth time iteration cycles of duration Δt;

ξ (nΔt) is the physical process of the environment, converted into an electrical signal;

- i-я косинусная составляющая опорного сигнала;

- i-th cosine component of the reference signal;

- композиционный электрический сигнал, получаемый в результате воздействия преобразованным в физический эквивалент опорным сигналом, равным суперпозиции N косинусных составляющих, на физический процесс окружающей среды ξ(nΔt);

- a composite electrical signal obtained as a result of exposure to a reference signal converted to a physical equivalent equal to a superposition of N cosine components on the physical process of the environment ξ (nΔt);

α is a scaling factor that determines the iteration step;

A _m [(0) Δt] = 0 and ψ _m [(0) Δt] = 0 are the initial values of the amplitudes and phases of the cosine components of the reference signal for m = 1, 2, ..., N.

As you know, any signal that satisfies the Dirichlet conditions, not limiting the technical application, can be represented as

where B _i are the amplitudes of the cosine components for the i-th harmonic of the frequency ω;

Ф _i - phases of cosine components for the i-th harmonic of frequency ω.

As a result of performing L iterations, i.e., L measurement steps, according to which we obtain the following system of averaged equations for the mathematical description of self-tuning results

The averaging result does not depend on the parameter m, therefore, the resulting solution is valid for all harmonics m = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, regardless of their number N (see Figs. 1-4). In statics, that is, when the external environment is stationary, the moment of balancing by the supporting process the process that describes the surrounding physical environment corresponds to the so-called fixed point, for which the conditions are satisfied for n >> 1

и

- неподвижные (предельные) точки или стационарные значения фаз и амплитуд для всех гармоник m=1, 2, 3, …, N, независимо от их количества N.Where

and

- fixed (limit) points or stationary values of phases and amplitudes for all harmonics m = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, regardless of their number N.

For stationary values of phases and amplitudes for all harmonics m = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, regardless of their number N, i.e. at the time of compensation, we obtain a system of equations

Whence follows the compensation condition as n → ∞

The presented iterative equations describe analytically the algorithm of superpositional interaction of the transformed supporting process (field) with the process (field) of the environment. Analytical results are confirmed by simulation. Figures 1 and 2 show, according to the results of modeling, graphs illustrating the compensation of one and three harmonics of the input signal with the corresponding reference signal. Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the phase and amplitude of the reference signal as a function of the number of iterations when compensating for an input signal consisting of one harmonic with an amplitude equal to one and a phase equal to 1.4. Figure 4 shows graphs illustrating the evolution of the phases and amplitudes of the reference signal depending on the number of iteration cycles when compensating for an input signal consisting of seven different harmonics with different amplitudes and phases. The lower part of the graphs describes the transition (evolutionary) process of self-tuning of the amplitudes and phases of the cosine components of the reference signal. The moment of compensation by the reference signal of the physical process (field) of the environment corresponds to the achievement of its parameters of stationary values of phases and amplitudes, which in the graphs of Figures 3 and 4 are determined after the transition process by constant values presented in the form of "columns". These phase and amplitude values are obtained directly from the above compensation conditions.

The compensation conditions obtained in the form of equality prove not only the possibility of measuring the parameters of the cosine components of the reference signal and its correction depending on the time drift of the spectrum of the signal describing the physical process (field) of the environment, but also its full active compensation. Moreover, the evolutionary form of the compensation process depends on the scaling coefficient a and, when it is determined, corresponds to a stable focus in the form of a spiral twisting to a fixed point (see Fig. 3). Moreover, the range of variation of the scaling coefficient a, at which the stability of the compensation process is preserved, is sufficiently large. Figure 4 shows that the duration of the transition process for harmonics with different frequencies and phases at the same scaling factor a can differ markedly, so it is advisable to represent the scaling factor as a vector quantity.

To achieve a technical result in accordance with the proposed method, a device for measuring and suppressing the physical processes (fields) of the environment consists of blocks and circuits having the following notation: 1 - a block of a reference signal generator with a self-adjusting shape (GSSF); 2 - direct converter of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment; 3 - environment; 4 - inverse transducer of the physical process (field) of the environment into an electrical signal; 5 - self-tuning unit of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form (SPGOSSF), 6 - pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment (ROSVS), 7 - control unit.

Block 1 of the GSSF consists of: 8 - a generator-synthesizer of the frequency grid of cosine components; 9 is a diagram of a phase change of a frequency grid; 10 is a diagram of inverting and changing the amplitude of the frequency grid; 11 - synthesizer adder reference signal; 12 - digital-to-analog Converter.

Block 5 SPGOSSF consists of: 13 - analog-to-digital Converter; 14 - cosine to sine converter; 15 - phase self-tuning schemes; 16 is a diagram of amplitude self-tuning; 17 - control circuit error and dimensionality of the frequency grid.

Block 6 ROSVS consists of: 18 - storage device signs (measured values of phases, amplitudes, as well as the dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components); 19 - decision making schemes.

Converters 2 and 4 of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment and vice versa are implemented in accordance with known principles. The implementation of the GOSSF block 1, including the generator-synthesizer 8 of the frequency grid of the cosine components, the phase 9 of the phase change of the frequency grid, the circuit 10 of the amplitude change of the frequency grid, the synthesizer-adder 11 of the reference signal, the digital-to-analog converter 12, can be implemented, for example, on the basis of AD985x microcircuits commercially available from ANALOG DEVICES. The implementation of block 5 SPGOSSF, including: analog-to-digital converter 13, cosine to sine converter 14, phase self-tuning circuit 15, amplitude self-tuning circuit 16, error control and dimensionality grid frequency control circuit 17, it is advisable to implement it on the basis of serial analog-to-digital conversion microcircuits, for example , AD1671, AD7882, etc., and a signal microprocessor of the DSP56000 family. In order to simplify and improve performance, this block can also be implemented on the basis of programmable logic integrated circuits by performing the operation of parallel multiplication in the 15 self-tuning circuits 15 and 16 self-tuning amplitudes by means of read-only memory devices of cosine and sine components. On the basis of similar microcircuits, the implementation of ROSBC unit 6 and control unit 7 can be carried out.

A device for measuring parameters and suppressing the physical processes (fields) of the environment works as follows. Previously, in accordance with the proposed method, block 1 GOSSF, block 5 SPGOSSF, block 6 ROSVS in accordance with previously recorded in the non-volatile memory of the control unit 7 of the control program are set to the initial state. The control program implements the above algorithm, according to which, in the device for measuring and suppressing the physical processes (fields) of the environment, the following actions and settings are performed when starting in the following sequence:

in measurement and compensation mode:

- in block 1 of the GSSF, the following are established:

in the generator 8 of the frequency grid of the cosine components, zero phase values and unit values of the amplitudes, as well as a dimension of the frequency grid equal to half the maximum possible dimension for this device; in scheme 9 of changing the phase of the frequency grid, the initial zero phase value is stored, in scheme 10 of changing the amplitude of the frequency grid and in circuit 11 of the reference adder synthesizer-adder, the initial zero values of the amplitudes for the initial dimension of the frequency grid are set;

- in block 5 SPGOSSF are set to their initial state, ready for information:

the phase self-tuning circuit 15 and the amplitude self-tuning circuit 16, and the initial value of the predetermined error is recorded in the error control circuit and the frequency grid dimension circuit 17.

In the measurement and compensation mode with recognition simultaneously with the listed actions, it is additionally performed:

- connection of ROSVS unit 6 either in the mode of preliminary accumulation of information on self-training, or in the mode of direct recognition by a priori recorded information.

At the initial moment of operation, when the device is turned on in block 1 of the GSSF, the outputs of the circuit 11 of the synthesizer-frequency combiner, circuit 10 of changing the amplitude of the frequency grid are zero codes and, therefore, the digital-to-analog converter 12 produces a zero electrical signal, which is fed to the 1st output of block 1 of the GSSF . As a result, the input of the converter 2 of the electric signal into the physical process (field) of the environment also receives a zero input signal. Since at the initial moment of operation, the environment 3 is not affected by an electric signal transformed into the corresponding physical process (field), an electric signal is generated at the output of the converter 4 of the physical process (field) of the environment into an electric signal, proportional only to the corresponding energy of the physical process (field) ) environment. The signals from the second output of the GSSF block 1, which are the inverted cosine components with zero adjustable phase and unit amplitude at the initial start-up, are fed through the second input of the SPGOSSF block 5 in parallel to the second inputs of the phase self-tuning circuit 15 and the amplitude self-tuning circuit 16. At the same time, the signals from the second input of block 5 of the SPGOSSF are fed to the second input of the phase self-tuning circuit 15 through the cosine converter 14 to the sine due to an additional phase shift of 90 °. In the phase self-tuning schemes 15 and the signal amplitude self-tuning 16, the phase-shifted sine and cosine components are multiplied by 180 ° and the results of the conversion by the analog-to-digital converter 13 of the output signal of the transmitter 4 of the physical process (field) of the environment into an electrical signal for each cosine component with a frequency from a given dimension of the frequency grid. The results of multiplication due to the subsequent division for each cosine and sine component from a given dimension of the frequency grid by a constant value, i.e. actually scaling, are summarized in accordance with the accepted algorithm with the results of previous similar operations. The division is carried out, for example, by shifting the product code in the shift registers built into the schemes 15 for self-tuning the phase and 16 for self-tuning the amplitude. Thus, in the phase self-tuning schemes 15 and the amplitude self-tuning 16, the corresponding codes are multiplied and digitally scaled, followed by the accumulating summation of the results of scaled multiplication in accordance with the algorithm of operation. At the first measurement (iteration) step, at the time of starting phase self-tuning and amplitude self-tuning in schemes 15, amplitude and sine components are multiplied simultaneously for each cosine and sine components 180 ° phase-shifted from the given frequency grid dimension to the conversion results and the results of multiplying only the physical process are scaled (field) environment. The results obtained in the phase self-tuning circuit 15 and the amplitude self-tuning 16, the phase and amplitude values are stored after the first iteration step (measurement) in the form of the initial value of the sought phase and the amplitude of the cosine components of the reference signal. These values of phase and amplitude after the first measurement step are received from the outputs of the phase self-tuning circuits 15 and 16 of the amplitude amplitude self-tuning 16 through the first and second outputs of the GSSF block 5 and the first and second inputs of the GSSF block 1 to the second inputs of the frequency grid phase change circuit 9 and change circuit 10 the amplitude of the frequency grid. In schemes 9 of the phase change and 10 changes in the amplitude of the frequency grid, respectively, at the next measurement step, the phase and amplitude of the cosine components of the reference signal are changed by values equal to the phase and amplitude values corrected at the first measurement step. The corrected values in phase, but with a unit amplitude, the cosine components of the set dimension of the frequency grid come from the first output of the frequency grid phase change circuit 9 to the input of the frequency grid amplitude change circuit 10. At the second output of block 1 of the GSSF, the corrected phase values, but with a unit amplitude, the cosine components of the set dimension of the frequency grid come from the second output of the phase 9 grid frequency change circuit after inversion (180 ° shift). In scheme 10, changes in the amplitude of the frequency grid, the cosine components of the frequency grid with a single amplitude are multiplied by the code value corresponding to the value adjusted at the first measurement step, coming through the corresponding circuit from the output of the amplitude self-tuning circuit 16 of the SPGOSSF block 5. As a result of multiplication, the cosine components of the established dimension of the frequency grid that are already adjusted in amplitude and phase come from the output of the circuit 10 for changing the amplitude of the frequency grid to the input of the circuit 11 of the reference signal synthesizer-adder. In the circuit 11 of the reference signal synthesizer-adder, the sum of all cosine components corrected for the first clock cycle for a given frequency grid dimension is summed, therefore, the signal at the output of the digital-to-analog converter 12 is changed at the moment the cosine components are completely summed over the entire given frequency grid dimension. The adjusted reference signal from the output of the digital-analog converter 12 is fed to the input of the converter 2 of the electrical signal in the physical process (field) of the environment. When summing the cosine components and converting the summation result into an analog-shaped electrical signal at each iteration step, the piecewise-stepwise reconstruction of the time-varying reference signal is performed according to the discrete reports of the set frequency grid. Moreover, as part of the digital-to-analog converter 12, at its output, to eliminate the high-frequency component of the piecewise-step interpolation error, a built-in smoothing so-called anti-image filter is provided. However, it is possible to carry out other types of reconstruction of the reference signal by somewhat complicating the connection of the circuits 11 of the synthesizer-adder of the reference signal and the digital-to-analog converter 12, for example, piecewise linear reconstruction. It is known that piecewise linear reconstruction with the same reconstruction error requires almost an order of magnitude less discrete samples of the analog signal. After converting the adjusted electrical value of the reference signal to the physical process (field) of the environment in the converter 2 of the electric signal into the physical process (field) of the environment, its superposition with the physical process (field) of the environment is converted into an electrical signal by the converter 4 of the physical process (field) of the environment medium into a composite electrical signal. The converted composite signal is fed through the first input of block 5 of the SPGOSSF to the input of the analog-to-digital converter 13. According to the results of the conversion of the composite signal, the second clock cycle of measurement and self-tuning of the reference signal parameters begins.

Multiple execution of the considered operations in the device implements, in accordance with the algorithm described above and investigated for convergence, self-tuning of the parameters of the reference process (field) and suppression of environmental energy, including the fraction of energy reflected from the object in the form of an echo signal containing the device itself. As a result, the function of masking an object when it is irradiated with an external physical process (field) is performed due to the absence of a reflected signal — an echo signal.

Setting the dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components is carried out through the circuit 17 control the error and the dimension of the frequency grid as follows. From the first input of block 5 SPGOSSF to the input of the circuit 17 control the error and dimensionality of the frequency grid through the analog-to-digital Converter 13 digital composite signal, which is compared, for example, in absolute value with a given value (setting). If, for example, the absolute value of the composite signal equivalent to the corresponding physical process (field) of the environment is greater (less) than the set point, then the frequency grid increases (decreases) by a predetermined value, for example, by one. Since at the initial moment the absolute value of the physical process (field) of the environment, proportional to the magnitude of the energy measure of the composite electric signal, is always greater than the fixed setting, the frequency grid always first increases. To attenuate this effect, a floating setpoint is allowed.

The control of the error of compensation of environmental energy through the circuit 17 of the control of the error and dimension of the frequency grid allows you to evaluate and take into account the component of the measurement error due to the nonlinear interaction of the reference random process (field) with the environment. Moreover, the component of this error is significantly less than the error of energy compensation of the external physical process (field) by the reference signal.

There is essentially no fundamental difference between the suppression of the energy of the process of the environment from the suppression of the energy of the field of the environment. Indeed, to suppress the energy of the environmental field, only the number of identical channels and, therefore, the number of converters 2 of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment and 4 physical process (field) of the environment into the electric signal increases. The location of the converters 2 of the electrical signal into a physical process (field) of the environment and 4 physical process (field) of the environment into an electrical signal relative to each other depends on the spatial characteristics of the field and the space it occupies. The number of converters can be adjusted depending on the quality of the suppression of the field energy, taking into account its characteristics. A similar increase in the corresponding converters and channels is carried out while simultaneously suppressing various in nature physical processes (fields) of the environment.

When self-tuning the parameters of the reference signal: amplitudes, phases, and dimensions of the frequency grid of the cosine components of the reference signal, they are actually measured in real time in a wide dynamic range, as a result of which a new quality arises in recognizing the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, expanding the functional device capabilities. This new quality is due to the fact that the measured parameters of the reference signal are used as signs of the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment. Moreover, to achieve the invariance of the recognition criterion to the amplitude of the cosine components, i.e. to scale, while maintaining the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, it suffices to normalize the amplitudes of the cosine components in any known manner. For other features, namely for the phases of the cosine components and the dimension of the frequency grid, normalization is not required. However, if necessary, to ensure invariance to the group phase shift of the cosine components, known correlation methods can be used as additional processing.

The recognition function in the device is implemented in block 6 ROSVS as follows. The adjusted values of the phase and amplitude of the cosine components from the outputs of the phase self-tuning circuits 15 and the amplitude 16 self-tuning circuits are supplied through the first and second outputs of the SPGOSSF block 5 and the first and second inputs of the ROSBC unit 6 to the first and second inputs of the memory device 18 of the signs and decision circuit 19. In this case, according to the results of the control of the measurement error, which is carried out in the control circuit 17 of the error and dimensionality of the frequency grid by means of the control unit 7, at the time of the best compensation by the control input-output, a command is issued to the ROSBC unit 6 from the input-output of the control unit 7 to store the measured values phases, amplitudes, as well as the dimensions of the frequency grid of the cosine components. The dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components is read through the control input-output of the generator-synthesizer 8 of the frequency grid of the cosine components at the command of the control unit 7. The recognition process is carried out by comparing, according to any known criterion, the obtained and processed characteristics with a set (set) of reference values of the characteristics. In this case, a set of reference values of signs depending on the task to be solved can be recorded in the memory device 18 signs either a priori or as a result of preliminary "training" on certain "phantoms" of the physical process (field) of the environment.

When detecting and recognizing an external object, the proportion of energy distortion from which falls into the environment under the influence of the reference random process (field), and determining its location coordinates by the magnitude and shape of the distortion of the original, not distorted physical process (field) of the environment by comparing, by any known criterion, the obtained and processed features at the current time with a set (set) of feature values recorded in the storage device 18 p iznakov in previous times. The process of recording and comparing a set of features is carried out at discrete points in time while maintaining a continuous measurement mode in accordance with the adopted iterative algorithm.

Claims (10)

1. A method of measuring and suppressing the physical processes (fields) of the environment by means of a self-adjusting reference process (field), which consists in the fact that in accordance with the established initial values of a number of frequencies, phases and amplitudes, the initial cosine harmonic components are formed, from which the electrical reference is synthesized by summing the signal and convert it into a supporting physical process (field), radiation into the environment is affected by the formed supporting physical process (field) on the physical process s (the field) of the environment and in real time, reverse transform the result of the interaction of the reference physical process (field) with the process (field) of the environment into an electrical composite signal, which is multiplied separately for each frequency by cosine and additional sinus harmonic components derived from it with unit amplitudes and phases shifted by 180 ° or π rad relative to the initial cosine components of the reference electrical signal, according to the multiplication section but for each cosine and sine additional components are adjusted in accordance with the selected iterative algorithm of averaging, for example, exponential smoothing, the initial values of the amplitudes and phases of the initial cosine harmonic components and thereby carry out self-tuning for each cosine for the established dimension of the frequency grid based on the principle of negative feedback the harmonic component of the reference signal, the initial values of the parameters are the amplitudes and phases, according to which the synthesis comfort at the next time step is the already adjusted reference signal and, accordingly, the physical process (field) by which the radiation affects the physical process (field) of the environment, according to the results of which and the results of exposure on subsequent cycles of iteration, the described actions are continuously repeated, after which the transition the process is carried out due to the self-tuning of the parameters of the components of the cosine signals, the compensation of environmental energy converted into equivalent energy of the physical process (field) with the synthesized reference process (field), according to the results of the self-tuning of the parameters of the cosine components, the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components and the form of the change of the physical process (field) of the environment and thereby the environmental energy in dynamics, which compensatory suppress the energy of physical processes (fields) of the environment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial value of the dimension of the frequency grid of the cosine components is adjusted according to the principle of negative feedback depending on the magnitude of the energy measure of the composite electric signal at a rate with the self-tuning of the parameters of the cosine components of the reference signal. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimension of the frequency grid and the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal are used as signs for recognizing the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimension of the frequency grid and the measured values of the phases and amplitudes of the cosine components of the reference signal are used as signs for recognizing the fact of an intentional or unintentional change in the shape of the physical process (field) of the environment, for example, due to the invasion of another source of energy. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the effect of suppressing the energy of physical processes (fields) of the environment is used to mask the source of the synthesized reference process (field). 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the components of the reference signal set orthogonal periodic signals with self-tuning parameters. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting physical process or field and the physical process or field of the environment are sound or ultrasonic signals. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting physical process or field and the physical process or field of the environment are electromagnetic signals. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting physical process (field) is formed simultaneously and independently for various physical processes (fields) of the environment. 10. Device for measuring parameters and suppressing physical processes (fields) of the environment, characterized in that a reference signal generator unit with a self-adjusting shape, a direct converter of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment, and the inverse converter of the physical process (field) are introduced into it ) environment into an electric signal, a pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment and a control unit, and the function of the comparison circuit is performed by the environment, while the generator unit op the first signal is connected to the input of the direct converter of the electric signal into the physical process (field) of the environment, and the second output is connected respectively to the second input of the self-tuning unit of the reference signal generator with the self-tuning form, the first input of which is connected to the reverse output transducer of the physical process (field) of the environment into an electrical signal, and the first and second outputs are connected in parallel to the first and second inputs of the unit recognition of patterns and situations in the external environment and to the first and second inputs of the block of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form, the third input of which is connected to the third output of the block of self-tuning parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form, the output and input of the direct and inverse converters of the electrical signal into the physical process (field) of the environment and the physical process (field) of the environment in an electrical signal are connected directly to the environment, the control unit by To the input-output channel, it is connected in parallel with the control inputs and outputs of the reference signal generator with a self-adjusting form, the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-adjusting form and with the pattern recognition unit and situations in the external environment, while the reference signal generator block with a self-adjusting form consists of generator-synthesizer of the frequency grid of cosine components, phase change schemes for the frequency grid, amplitude change schemes for the frequency grid, synthesizer of a reference signal adder, digital-to-analog converter, wherein the output of the generator-synthesizer of the cosine component frequency grid is connected to the first input of the phase change circuit for the frequency grid, the first output of which is connected to the input of the frequency grid amplitude change circuit, and the second output is connected to the second output of the generator block reference signal with a self-adjusting shape, the output of the circuit for changing the amplitude of the frequency grid is connected to the input of the synthesizer-adder of the reference signal, the output of which is through a digital-to-analog conversion The driver is connected to the first output of the reference signal generator block with a self-adjusting shape, and the control inputs and outputs of the generator-synthesizer of the cosine component frequency grid, phase and amplitude change schemes for the frequency grid, and the reference synthesizer adder are connected to the control input-output of the reference signal generator block with a self-tuning form, the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form consists of an analog-to-digital converter, a cosine converter and in sinus, phase self-tuning circuits, amplitude self-tuning circuits, error control and frequency grid dimension control circuits, the first input of the self-tuning block of the reference signal generator parameters with a self-tuning shape through an analog-to-digital converter is connected in parallel with the first inputs of the phase self-tuning circuit, amplitude self-tuning circuits and the input of the control circuit of the error and dimensionality of the frequency grid, the second input of the self-tuning unit of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning form of parall is connected to the second input of the amplitude self-tuning circuit and the input of the cosine to sine converter, the output of which is connected to the second input of the phase self-tuning circuit, the output of the phase self-tuning circuit is connected to the first output of the self-tuning block of the reference signal generator parameters with a self-tuning form, the second and third outputs of which are connected respectively with the output of the amplitude self-tuning circuit and the control circuit for the error and dimensionality of the frequency grid, the control inputs and outputs of the phase self-tuning circuit, the samon circuit the settings of the amplitude, analog-to-digital converter, and the control circuit for the error and dimensionality of the frequency grid are connected to the control input-output of the self-tuning block of the parameters of the reference signal generator with a self-tuning shape, the block for recognizing patterns and situations in the external environment consists of a memory of signs and a decision-making circuit, when this, the first and second inputs of the decision circuit and the storage device signs are connected in parallel with the first and second inputs of the pattern recognition unit and tuatsy in the external environment, and a third decision block input connected to the output of the storage device attributes that control the input-output characteristics of the memory device, and a decision circuit connected to the control input-output of the pattern recognition unit and situations in the environment.

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