RU2388122C2 - Method for connection of conductors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric engineering, namely, to methods for connection of conductors, to designs of contact joints used to connect current leads of electrolytic cells, electric furnaces, etc. Method for connection of conductors, preferably from heterogeneous materials, includes preparation of connected conductors surface, their arrangement with an overlap, making holes in them, where rods are inserted from conductor material, and deforming force is applied to them. Each rod is arranged with a hole, through which deforming force is applied at the level of cold welding evenly along the whole length of rod with the help of puncheons or microexplosion.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify the method, to increase reliability of connection, expand spheres of its application and range of connected conductors.

7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, and in particular to methods of connecting conductors, to the designs of contact joints used to connect current leads of electrolyzers, electric furnaces, etc.

There is a method of cold butt welding of two conductors, in the form of plates of copper and aluminum with a cross section of 10 × 100 mm ² , through which the connected plates at the junction are first thoroughly cleaned, degreased with a solvent, scalped, mainly with metal brushes, then significant mechanical force is applied perpendicularly to them a connection plane sufficient for deformation (collapse) of the conductors at the junction (Cold welding of metals I.M. Stroiman, L .: Engineering, 1985, pp. 84-90).

The specified method has disadvantages. It is quite complex, requires special expensive equipment and accessories. Conductors with a cross section greater than 1000 mm ² must not be connected. The method does not allow connecting the conductors, if one of them is made of a package of tapes, since the tapes will be folded to the sides, excluding welding.

The prototype is a method of connecting conductors of dissimilar metals. According to the method, the conductors are overlapped, holes are drilled into them, into which the rods with previously prepared surfaces are inserted. Then the rods are pressed into the press. The quantity, cross-section of the rods and the metal from which they are made are selected so that they transfer the current load of at least the connected conductors (Ukrainian Patent for invention No. 46047 of 03/10/1998, M class. H01R 43/00).

However, this method has disadvantages. To connect conductors of large cross-sections of 2400-4800 mm ² or more in copper, it is necessary to press several rods of large diameter, which requires a powerful press of 200-300 tons. Pressing individual rods is not very productive and not effective.

The basis of the invention is the task to create such a method of connecting conductors, in which a new execution of operations for preparing connected conductors and creating a deforming force, as well as a new arrangement of conductors, would simplify the method, increase the reliability of the connection, expand its scope and range of connected conductors in the direction of increasing dimensions and sections.

The problem is solved in that by the method of connecting conductors, mainly of dissimilar materials, including preparing the surface of the connected conductors, lapping them, making holes in them, into which the rods are inserted from the conductive material and applying a deforming force to them, according to the invention, each rod is made with a hole through which a deforming force is applied at the level of cold welding uniformly along the entire length of the rod.

The advantages of the proposed method are that, thanks to the new execution of operations for the preparation of connected conductors and the creation of a deforming force, expensive powerful equipment is not required, which can significantly simplify the method.

The deforming force can be applied using punches, which are inserted into the holes of the rods, using a conventional press. The deforming force can be applied using microexplosion, pre-filling the holes with explosive, water and drowning the holes of the rods (the method, for example, is widely used in stamping), and the press is not needed at all.

In addition, the reliability of the connection increases, since the deformation is at the level of cold welding uniformly along the entire length of each rod. It should be said that with the help of microexplosion, you can create any deforming force required to connect powerful conductors with a cross section of more than 2400-4800 mm ² .

The connected conductors can be made of different widths, while the conductors with lower conductivity perform larger widths, which reduces material consumption and also simplifies welding.

The connected conductors can be overlapped at an angle relative to each other, which increases the convenience of installation.

Each of the connected conductors can be split into at least two, which increases their area and, therefore, improves the heat sink, the presence of holes in the rods also contributes to this, improving the heat sink directly in the connection of the conductors.

The rods can be made with flanges, which improves assembly and slightly increases the current collection area of the rods.

A method for connecting conductors is illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1-3. 1 and 2 in front and side views with a partial section aa shows a variant of connecting a package of three aluminum busbars with two packages of copper tapes. Figure 3 shows a connection option at an angle of a wider conductor with respect to a less wide conductor.

In figures 1-3, the conductor 1, made, for example, of three aluminum busbars in a bag, is connected to the conductor 2, made, for example, of two packages of copper tapes. Conductors 1, 2 are connected using rods 3 having holes 4. In Fig. 2, rods 3 are made with flanges 5. In Fig. 3, conductors 1 and 2 are interconnected at an angle ά.

According to the proposed method, conductors 1, 2 are connected, mainly from dissimilar metals: copper and aluminum. In FIGS. 1, 2, three aluminum busbars 2 are connected to two packages of copper tapes 2. The conductors 1, 2 are lapped with pre-made holes 4 into which the rods 3 of the conductive material are inserted. The number of rods 3 is selected depending on the cross-section and the number of conductors 1, 2 (there are four rods in FIGS. 1-3). The holes in the conductors 1, 2 are performed by stamping or drilling. From the holes in the conductors 1, 2 and the rods 3 remove the oxide film, if they have long been made. Each rod 3 is made with a hole 4, through which a deforming force is applied at the level of cold welding uniformly along the entire length of the rod. The deforming force can be applied using punches (not shown in FIG.) Which are inserted into the holes 4 of the rods 3 from two sides and a deforming force is applied to them. At the same time, the efforts of a small press are sufficient to simultaneously press in several rods of significant diameter when connecting the conductors 1, 2 as in FIG. 2.

The deforming force can be applied using microexplosion, for which purpose, in the rods 3, the holes 4 are plugged on one side, filled with explosive, water, and then the plugs 4 are plugged on the other hand and produce a microexplosion. This option is especially suitable for connecting conductors 1, 2 of large cross-sections, when significant effort is required. In addition, this option simplifies the method, since it does not require expensive equipment.

The connected conductors 1, 2 can be made of different widths (Fig.3), while the conductors with less conductivity, for example, from aluminum, have a larger width.

So, for example, when connected to an aluminum bus 430 × 60 mm, welding with a wider and shorter height aluminum bag 120 × 30 mm than 100 × 36 mm is obtained more easily and more reliably. The location of the connected conductors 1, 2 overlap at an angle ά relative to each other provides lateral displacement of wide packages of aluminum tires for welding (figure 3).

In order to more conveniently assemble the connection, the rods 3 may have flanges 5 (Fig. 2), while the upper flange 5 is obtained by expanding the rods 3. In addition, the flanges 5 increase the current collection area of the rods 3 by 10%.

Each of the connected conductors 1, 2 can be split into at least two. This somewhat complicates the method, but increases the current load due to the larger heat sink area of the conductors 1, 2 themselves and the presence of holes 4. In Figs. 1, 2, conductor 1 is made, for example, of three aluminum buses in a bag, and conductor 2 , for example, from two packages of copper tapes. Splitting of conductors is advisable for large sections of conductors.

Claims (7)

1. A method of connecting conductors predominantly of dissimilar materials, including preparing the surface of the connected conductors, overlapping them, making holes in them, into which the rods of the conductive material are inserted and applying a deforming force to them, characterized in that each rod is made with a hole through which apply a deforming force at the level of cold welding uniformly along the entire length of the rod. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deforming force is applied using punches that are inserted into the holes of the rods. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deforming force is applied using microexplosion, pre-filling the holes with explosive, water and plugging the holes of the rods. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the connected conductors perform different widths, while conductors with lower conductivity perform larger widths. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the connected conductors overlap at an angle relative to each other. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the connected conductors is split at least into two. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods are made with flanges.

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