RU2388155C2 - Communication system using fibre optics - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, communications.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication engineering and specifically to wire communication and can be used on stationary and mobile objects. A radial-annular structure of the communication system is proposed. The device has switch module multiplexed devices. Four switch modules make up an entire matrix structure. The number of simultaneous connections in the system is unlimited.

EFFECT: broader functionalities, increased reliability and noise immunity for transmitting discrete and analogue data between different external signal sources.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to means of intraobject wire communication.

A known data transmission system (British Patent No. 1581803, CL H04B 9/00). The system comprises transmit-receive devices terminating in connectors. Fiber communication lines connect to these connectors. The system contains at least two connecting chains of fiber lines between any pair of stations. If one communication line is damaged in such a system, information is lost.

The closest in technical essence is a communication system using fiber optics (US Patent No. 4249266, CL HB 9/00).

This communication system consists of transceivers and fiber optic communication lines.

Transceivers are designed to transmit and receive synchronous or asynchronous information through a communication channel that is made using fiber optics and is connected to identical transceivers connected to the other end of the communication channel. The signal flow is a sequence of positive pulses corresponding to the logical state "1", and a sequence of negative pulses corresponding to the logical state "0".

The disadvantages of both analog and prototype are:

- the impossibility of transmitting and distributing analog and discrete information simultaneously between various technical means of communication complexes and systems through a single switching device installed on various objects;

- the need for interface devices when entering different speed information.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of functionality, increasing the reliability and noise immunity of the transmission of discrete and analog information between various external signal sources.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that multiplex devices, switching modules, local control devices, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are introduced into a system containing transceivers for various purposes connected by fiber-optic communication lines, the switching circuit is divided into several switching modules interconnected by duplex multiplex channels in a bidirectional ring, with each module having a local control e device through interface circuit which is connected to a microcomputer, low-speed input-output devices are connected via a multiplexed analog-to-digital converters and digital to analog converters with sources of analog signals, and high-speed input-output multiplex devices - optical fiber communication lines with multiple switching modules

The set of essential features of the claimed communication system using fiber optics provides increased reliability and noise immunity of the exchange of discrete and analog information between various external technical means by connecting the switching modules in a bidirectional ring. Therefore, there are wide opportunities for redundancy and redistribution of functions.

The use of multiplexing significantly increases the efficiency of the use of fiber optic communication lines.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the system. Figure 2 presents a block diagram of a communication system using fiber optics, it contains: 1 - interface circuit; 2 - microcomputer; 3 - local switching control device; 4 - switching modules; 5 - multiplex devices; 6 - analog-to-digital converters; 7 - digital-to-analog converters; 8 - fiber optic communication lines; 9 - terminal devices of the system, i.e. transceivers.

The interface circuit 1 is designed to ensure the coupling of fiber optic communication lines 8 with the switching modules 4.

Microcomputer 2 is designed to control the interaction of the terminal devices of the system.

The local switching control device 3 is designed to control the operation of the switching module of the system with the dynamic distribution of communication channels according to a predetermined algorithm with microcomputer 2, as well as to automatically monitor and display the status of the terminal devices of the system. The local switching control device 3 includes a local processor, a control panel for the communication system. This remote control is designed to control the terminal devices of the system, monitor and display their technical status, as well as for the operational input and change of source data.

Switching modules 4 are designed for spatio-temporal switching of n-sealed fiber-optic inputs to n-sealed fiber-optic outputs.

Switching modules 4 include: electric switching field (KP); local control device (MUU); local control panel (MPU); control scheme (SC); n - multiplexers-demultiplexers; KP - makes switching of m - digital and analog channels; MUU - designed to control the KP by signals from a microcomputer or with MPU. SC carries out operational control of the operation of KM4, multiplex devices 5 and fiber-optic communication lines 8.

The switching modules 4 are interconnected by duplex multiplex channels in a bidirectional ring, and each module has a local control device that is connected to the microcomputer 2.

Multiplex devices 5 are designed to ensure the distribution of communication channels according to the algorithm specified with the microcomputer 2, and the exchange of information of external subscriber devices with each other through a communication system.

Multiplex devices 5 consist of:

- units of multiplexing-demultiplexing (M-DM);

- control unit (CU).

M-DM blocks include a multiplexer (MP), a demultiplexer (DMP), a transmitter (P), and a photodetector (FU).

Electrical signals from n-subscribers are multiplexed and transformed by the transmitter into optical ones for transmission via fiber-optic communication lines 8.

In M-DM, the reverse operation is also performed: the detection of optical signals in a photonic filter, then the separation of electrical signals by a demultiplexer for transmission to subscribers.

The control unit controls the pairing and control of subscriber channels with multiplex devices and the control of fiber-optic communication lines 8.

Analog-to-digital converters 6 are designed to convert analog signals to digital.

Digital-to-analog converters 7 are designed to convert digital signals to analog.

Fiber-optic communication lines 8 are designed to communicate the terminal devices of the system along the optical fibers and to provide a group information transfer rate between the system.

A communication system using fiber optics works as follows. The set of control signals for interconnecting a specific list of subscribers comes from the microcomputer 2. The control signals are supplied to the interface circuit 1, where they are compressed and converted into optical form for transmission via fiber-optic communication lines 8 through the local switching control device 3 to CM 4.

The local switching control device 3 converts the control signals from the optical form to the electric one and retransmits them to the corresponding switching module 4. Receiving and decoding the control signals, the switching module 4 makes the necessary connection of the channels.

In case of failure of the microcomputer 2, the control signals to each of the switching modules 4 can be supplied from the local control device switching 3.

Thus, the necessary channels are prepared. In this case, the subscribers connected to each of the multiplex devices 5 are connected via switching modules 4 and fiber optic communication lines 8 according to the selected connection algorithm.

When passing information along the considered path, the subscriber-to-subscriber, fiber-optic communication lines 8, multiplex devices 5, switching modules 4, there is no signal delay commensurate with the information transfer rate to subscribers. Calculations show that the average edge delay time does not exceed 5 μs. Therefore, we can assume that the channel used to connect subscribers taking into account the transmission speed is transparent. In the case of switching sources of analog information, the ADC-6 and DAC-7 are sequentially included in the transmission path.

To ensure reliability and survivability, the communication system has a flexible organization of redundancy. According to the signals of the control circuit (SC), when a digital channel fails, a fault signal is generated, which is transmitted via fiber-optic communication lines 8 to the local switching control device 3, which analyzes the information and generates control signals for switching on the backup paths.

The effectiveness of the claimed system lies in the fact that, compared with the prototype, the system has high reliability, since there are workarounds for recovering any fiber-optic communication line.

The functionality of the system is expanding. The proposed system has great versatility, as it can switch both digital and analog signals. This, in turn, allows reducing the overall dimensions of switching devices and ensuring a high level of unification.

Claims (1)

A communication system using fiber optics, including microcomputers, transceivers and fiber-optic communication lines, characterized in that multiplex devices, switching modules, local control devices, analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters are introduced into it, while the switching system is divided into several switching modules interconnected by duplex multiplex channels in a bidirectional ring, and each module has a local control device, cat Roe through circuit interface is connected to the microcomputer, wherein the low-speed input-output devices are connected via a multiplexed analog-to-digital converters and digital to analog converters with sources of analog signals, and high-speed input-output multiplex devices - optical fiber communication lines with multiple switching modules.

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