RU2384355C1 - Fire-extinguishing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: plant is designed for extinguishing of fires of any capacity at the distance of up to 200 m when applying water and up to 100 m when applying foam, comprises working reservoir for water, in end parts of which there is a gas generator fixed together with mechanism of its start-up and gas pipe, as well as outlet pipeline with vortex breaker and valves. Working reservoir is made of steel, designed for pressure of at least 2 MPa with a volume of around 15 m³ and is installed permanently at a small angle to horizon on foundation or on vehicle chassis. Upper part of working reservoir comprises gas-accumulating coaming, where gas pipe is inserted. Outside working reservoir there is at least one reservoir installed for foam maker with hatch for its filling, which is connected by pipelines with valves on one side to gas-accumulating coaming and on the other side - to outlet pipeline, on which there is a stop valve installed downstream working reservoir, and further there is fire monitor with system of rotation in two planes. Working reservoir is equipped with an assembly hatch, filling, drain, ventilation valves, which is arranged in gas-accumulating coaming, and also with safety valves and detectors of upper and lower levels of water. Fire-extinguishing plant is equipped with a system of electric control and automatics. Plant operational resources are expanded, providing for suppression of intense fires at long distances both by water and foam.

EFFECT: convenience and safety of plant operation and repair.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for extinguishing fires with high energy at the facilities of the national economy and industry by intensively supplying foam or water to a maximum distance.

Known portable and mobile fire extinguishing installations that implement the pulse principle of displacement of the extinguishing agent. Their disadvantages are a small amount of extinguishing agent, a short range, insufficient jet intensity to suppress average fires.

Known stationary installation for extinguishing fires, containing a container with a working fire extinguishing liquid, a liquid displacement system, an opening valve, pipelines and a level sensor (Patent RU 2048825 C1). The installation has an additional tank with a working fluid connected to the main tank by a pipeline with a bypass valve. There are gas cut-off valves at the outlet pipes. The displacement system is made in the form of 2 steam generators, each of which is placed in an appropriate container. The installation also has cylinders with active substances connected to steam generators. The disadvantages of the installation include insufficient range and intensity of the fluid supply, the inability to change the direction of the jet, the lack of a mobile installation.

A known fire extinguishing installation (Patent RU No. 2022582 C1) containing a vertically mounted container with a working fluid with coaxial upper and lower pole holes made of composite material. A solid fuel gas generator is installed on the top cover of the tank, gases - products of fuel combustion exit through the gas pipe installed in the tank to the lower part of the liquid layer. A shield is fixed on the bottom flange of the tank, and a float valve under it - between the racks. The screen prevents the formation of funnels and the ingress of product gases of fuel combustion into the pipeline with spray nozzles, and the float valve cuts off the remaining gases inside the tank when the liquid level decreases.

However, the fire extinguishing installation according to patent RU No. 2022582 has insufficient operational capabilities that do not allow to extinguish powerful fires, since the container with the working fluid (working capacity) has a small volume, in addition, it is not possible to pump the working fluid over considerable distances due to the low range installation. Installation according to patent No. 2022582 is not safe during operation due to the performance of the working capacity of a composite material, the strength of which, primarily shock and temperature, is insufficient.

The disadvantages of the installation according to the patent RU No. 2022582 are the inconvenience of its operation due to the lack of the ability to replace the extinguishing agent without a complete refueling of the installation and the irrationality of placing a low-power, light and small-sized installation on an automobile chassis to extinguish remote fires.

Fire extinguishing installation according to patent RU No. 2022582 is selected as the closest analogue to the claimed technical solution.

The objective of the invention is to increase the operational, fire extinguishing capabilities of the installation to ensure the suppression of powerful fires from long distances, as well as to ensure convenience and safety of operation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known fire extinguishing installation containing a working water tank fixed in a support, in the end parts of which a gas generator with a start mechanism and a gas pipe and an outlet pipe with a funnel and armature are coaxially installed, according to the invention, the working tank is made of steel, set at an angle of between three and five degrees to the horizontal and is designed for an operating pressure of at least 2 MPa, its volume of about 15 m ^3, while the upper part of the working container body made lawn an auxiliary coaming in which the gas pipe is led out, and at least one foaming agent container is installed outside the working container, which is connected via pipelines with fittings on the one hand to the gas storage coaming, and on the other hand, to the outlet pipe, which is directly behind the working a shut-off valve is installed in the tank.

In addition, the outlet pipeline is equipped with a monitored barrel optimized for high plant productivity.

In addition, the gun monitor is equipped with a two-plane rotation system.

In addition, the working tank is equipped with a mounting hatch, filling, drain and ventilation valves, as well as safety valves and sensors for upper and lower water levels.

In addition, the ventilation valve is made in gas storage coaming.

In addition, a funnel extinguisher is installed at the free end of the outlet pipe.

In addition, the container for the foaming agent is equipped with a hatch for filling.

In addition, the installation is equipped with an electric control system and automation.

In addition, the installation is fixed stationary on the foundation or on the car chassis.

The working capacity is installed at an angle close to the horizon, and is designed for a working pressure of at least 2 MPa with a volume of about 15 m ³ , which is necessary to suppress the primary focus of a fire of any power before the occurrence of secondary foci. The position of the working tank, close to horizontal, allows you to have the required significant volume of the tank in the permissible transport dimensions in height and width, and a small angle of inclination of the working tank contributes to an easier and more complete discharge of water from it. The execution of the body of the working vessel made of steel allows you to increase the pressure during operation of the gas generator, thereby increasing the flow rate and the range of the fire extinguishing liquid jet, while simultaneously increasing the shock and frost resistance of the installation, which increases safety and allows you to suppress powerful fires in any conditions in any weather.

A specially designed fire monitor allows directing the extinguishing fluid into the fire from a long distance, which also increases the safety of the installation.

The proposed fire extinguishing installation allows you to suppress fires of any power from a maximum distance unattainable by other types of fire installations, up to 200 m when working with water as a fire extinguishing liquid and up to 100 m when working with foam. Placing the foaming agent in a separate container outside the working tank allows you to extinguish the fire with both foam and water.

The external arrangement of the container with a foaming agent outside the working capacity allows you to use several containers with foaming agents of various characteristics in the installation, which can be switched depending on the type of fire, which extends the operational capabilities of the installation.

The implementation of gas accumulating coaming with a ventilation valve in the upper part of the working capacity allows blowing of the working capacity not by supplying gas generator fuel combustion products directly to the water, but from the air cavity, which eliminates the formation of gas bubbles, promotes the formation of a single gas “pillow” displacing water and serves safety and reliability of the installation. The location of the ventilation valve (air bleeding when filling the working tank with water) at the top point of the tank allows you to completely fill the tank with water. Through the cover of the gas storage coaming, easy access to the outlet of the gas pipe is provided, which facilitates the repair work.

Stationary installation of the installation on a foundation fixed in the ground (with the possibility of turning the gun mount) or placement on a 6-axle automobile chassis using additional stops to counteract the reactive force arising from the operation of the installation, can increase the operational capabilities of the installation.

Electrical control of the installation and automation of operation of critical valves minimizes the response time of the installation, simplifies management and increases the safety of operation of the installation.

The technical result achieved is to increase the operational, fire extinguishing capabilities of the installation to ensure the suppression of powerful fires from long safe distances, as well as to ensure the convenience and safety of its operation.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing installation.

The fire extinguishing installation includes a working tank 1, designed to store a supply of water. The working tank 1 is made of steel, designed for a working pressure of at least 2 MPa and is installed at an angle of three to five degrees to the horizon. The volume of the working tank 1 corresponds to 15 m ³ based on the conditions for ensuring the duration of the supply of the extinguishing mixture with a productivity of at least 100 l / s for 2 minutes, which is necessary to suppress the primary fire source of any power before the occurrence of secondary fires. Capacity 2 is designed to store the blowing agent and is installed permanently outside the working capacity 1. Tanks 2 can be several and with different extinguishing compositions. In the center of one end of the housing of the working tank 1, a gas generator 3 is installed with a mechanism for its launch to create operating pressure in the installation. A gas pipe 4 is connected to the gas generator 3, passing in the working container 1 and designed to reduce the level of heat load on the working capacity casing 1 and to supply hot gases to the gas storage coaming 5, which is made in the upper part of the working capacity casing 1. In the working capacity 1, at the other end, coaxially with the gas generator 3, an output pipe 6 is installed, on which a shut-off valve 7 is installed externally. At the free end of the output pipe 6, a funnel-suppressor 8 is installed for the mind reducing the degree of flow turbulence. The outlet pipe 6 is connected to a mixer pipe 9, on which a gun barrel 10 is mounted to form a jet and to achieve maximum range. The gun barrel 10 is equipped with a rotation system in two planes to ensure that the fire extinguishing jet enters the fire and extinguish the fire. The pulse fire extinguishing installation is equipped with an electric control and automation system, which serves to facilitate and safe operation of the installation. The installation is controlled from the remote control 11 of the automatic remote control. To fix the installation to the chassis of the car or to the stationary foundation, the foundation frame 12 is used. The container 2 for storing the foaming agent is connected by a gas supply pipe 13 to a gas storage coaming 5 and, therefore, to a gas pipe 4. A shut-off valve 14 is installed on the pipe 13 to prevent gas supply and to exclude creating pressure in the tank 2, for example, when the installation is running water in the mode of water suppression. The pipeline 15 is used to supply the foaming agent from the tank 2 to the mixer pipe 9. A shut-off valve 16 is installed on the pipeline 15 to exclude the supply of the foaming agent, for example, in the case of operation of the installation on water.

The operation of the installation is ensured by the operation of the filling valves 17, 18 installed in the lower part of the working tank 1, the ventilation valve 19 — air discharge when filling the tank 1 with water, the drain valve 20 from the working tank 1, as well as the sensors of the upper level 21 and lower water level 22 in the tank 1, safety valves 23, 24. In addition, on the tank 2 there is a hatch 25 for filling the blowing agent, and on the working tank 1 - mounting hatch 26.

The installation is as follows.

Fill the tank 1 with water, manually open the filling valves 17 and 18 and automatically (by a signal from the control panel 7) opens the ventilation valve 19 (air vent). Valves 7, 14, 16, 20, 23 and 24 are closed.

The filling of the tank 1 is carried out before the actuation of the sensor of the upper level 21, which signals the full filling of the tank 1 with water. Additionally, the filling can be visually recorded by overflow of water through valve 19.

Filling the container 2 of the foaming agent is carried out through an open hatch 25, which upon filling the container 2 is closed up. When using the unit in quenching mode, water 2 can be left empty.

After filling the working tank 1 with water, manually close the valves 17, 18 and automatically, by the signal from the upper level sensor 21, closes the valve 19. At the same time, the valves 7, 14, 16, 20, 23, 24 are closed.

The upper level sensor 21 blocks the operation of the gas generator 3 in the absence of water in the tank 1. Turning on the gas generator is possible only if there is a signal from the upper level sensor 21.

When the start button on the remote control 11 is pressed, the control electric pulse triggers the start-up mechanism of the solid fuel gas generator 3. At the same time, valves 7, 14, 16 are automatically opened in the foam mode, and only valve 7 is automatically opened in the water mode, the rest of the valves remain closed. The combustion products of the gas generator fuel enter the gas pipe 4, then to the gas storage coaming 5, the working tank 1 with water and at the same time (in the mode of foaming) through the pipe 13 to the tank 2 for the foaming agent. Thus, in tanks 1 and 2, pressure is simultaneously created, which displaces water and the foaming agent from the mentioned tanks 1 and 2, while water is displaced through the funnel-hopper 8 and the outlet pipe 6, and the foaming agent through the pipe 15. Next, the water and the foaming agent are mixed in the pipeline mixer 9 before entering the gun monitor 10 and are forced out through it with great intensity in the form of a fire extinguishing jet.

In the extinguishing mode, the valves 14 and 16 are closed, the products of combustion of the fuel of the gas generator 3 enter only the tank 1, from which water is displaced through the funnel 8, the outlet pipe 6, the mixer pipe 9 and the gun barrel 10.

To eliminate the emergency situation associated with the abnormal operation of the gas generator 3 and excessive pressure increase in the tank 1, safety valves 23, 24 are adjusted to automatically operate at a pressure of P = 1.1 P _slave , where P _slave is the working pressure in the tank 1 .

According to the signal from the low level sensor 22, valves 7, 14 and 16 are automatically closed to eliminate the possible release of residues of the products of combustion of the fuel of the gas generator 3 towards the fire. In this case, the possible excess pressure of the products of combustion of the fuel of the gas generator 3 in the tank 1 is released through the valves 23, 24.

In the manufacture of the installation and commissioning, use the hatch 26 on the tank 1.

Rollback of the installation (when a jet stream exerts a force of up to 2 ton-force) prevents the foundation frame 12, which transfers the force to a stationary foundation fixed to the ground, or to the brakes and stops of the car chassis.

The proposed fire extinguishing installation allows you to suppress fires of high power both with water and foam until secondary fires occur from a safe distance in all weather and other conditions.

Claims (8)

1. Fire extinguishing installation, including a working water tank mounted on a support, in the end parts of which a gas generator with a start mechanism and a gas pipe and an outlet pipe with a funnel and armature are coaxially mounted, characterized in that the working tank is made of steel, installed at an angle of 3-5 ° to the horizon and is designed for a working pressure of at least 2 MPa with a volume of the order of 15 m ³ , while in the upper part of the working tank a gas storage coaming is made, into which a gas pipe is discharged, and outside whose container is installed, at least one container for the foaming agent, which is connected via pipelines with fittings on the one hand to gas accumulating coaming, and on the other hand, to the outlet pipe, on which a shut-off valve is installed directly behind the working capacity. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet pipeline is equipped with a gun mount optimized for high productivity of the installation. 3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the gun mount is equipped with a rotation system in 2 planes. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the working tank is equipped with a mounting hatch, filling, drain and ventilation valves, as well as safety valves and sensors for upper and lower water levels. 5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation valve is made in gas storage coaming. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for the foaming agent is equipped with a hatch for filling it. 7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an electric control system and automation. 8. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the working capacity is installed permanently on the foundation frame or on the car chassis.

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