RU237972U1 - Container dryer for corn cobs - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, specifically to the design of container corn cob dryers used in corn seed production facilities. The container corn cob dryer comprises containers with inclined perforated bottoms, a channel for feeding a heat transfer agent into the containers from above, a channel for feeding a heat transfer agent from below through the inclined perforated bottom of the containers, wherein the channels are equipped with dampers, a heat generator, and a fan. The dryer is characterized in that the containers have perforated side walls and are closed at the top with lids with ventilation windows. The dryer comprises a frame with a roof, and a rotating and a fixed pair of wheels. The container corn cob dryer improves the drying quality of corn cobs by ensuring uniform heat distribution over the entire height of the layer of cobs located within each container. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the design of container dryers for corn cobs, used in enterprises producing corn seeds.

A container-type dryer for drying heaps of agricultural seeds, according to a patent [1], comprises a heat-supply channel with a connected heat generator, consisting of sequentially connected modules, and containers with perforated bottoms that fit snugly onto the modules. A flat control valve, consisting of two parts connected by a cylindrical hinge, is installed within each module.

A disadvantage of this design is that the coolant distribution system within the modules does not ensure uniform heat delivery to all containers, as the design of the flat control valves creates significant resistance to coolant flow. The modules are not equipped with an additional device to precisely control the height of the window that allows coolant flow into each individual container. Rectangular containers with perforated bottoms are used, which allows coolant to be supplied only from below and does not ensure uniform heat distribution across the layer of agricultural seed being dried within the container. The seed layers are heated unevenly, with the lower layers receiving more heat than the upper layers. While the upper layers of seed are drying to the required moisture content, the lower layers may overheat, causing cracking and loss of quality. Furthermore, the dryer is stationary. Unloading of the containers is accomplished by tipping them over, which results in the seeds falling from a great height, damaging or crushing them.

A method and device for container drying of seeds is known according to a patent for invention [2], which includes a heat generator, a heat supply channel composed of sequentially connected modules with valves for regulating the flow of a drying agent, containers, a sampler, and a loading means for installing, removing and unloading containers.

The disadvantages of this design include the use of rectangular containers with flat bottoms, which do not ensure uniform heat distribution across the entire seed layer. Seeds located at the bottom of the container receive significantly more heat energy than those at the top, which can lead to overheating or overdrying, leading to a loss of quality. Furthermore, this container seed drying device is stationary, making it difficult to move within the seed production facility. Furthermore, unloading the containers requires tipping them over, which can result in seeds falling from a great height, causing damage or crushing.

A corn cob dryer [3] is known, comprising chambers with inclined grates for accommodating the cobs, located on both sides of a distribution corridor with a longitudinal partition dividing it into sections connected to the chambers by hatches, and ventilation equipment. To improve drying quality and reduce energy consumption, a screen is placed parallel to the partition in each section, forming an upper pressure collector and a lower suction collector. Blowing of the cob layer can be performed from the bottom up or from the top down.

The disadvantages of this design include the dryer's compartments being non-self-contained, meaning they cannot be used as independent containers, thereby violating the modular design principle. The corn cob dryer is stationary and requires an expensive, permanent building or structure to house it.

The utility model of a container corn cob dryer is based on the task of improving the quality of drying corn cobs by ensuring uniform heat distribution over the entire height of the layer of cobs located inside each container.

This is achieved by a container-type corn cob dryer consisting of a frame with a roof, a rotating and fixed wheel set, containers with sloping perforated bottoms, topped with removable lids with ventilation windows, a heat generator, and a fan. Channels equipped with dampers allow coolant to be supplied to the containers from above, through ventilation windows in the removable lids, from below, through the sloping perforated bottoms of the containers, and simultaneously from both the top and bottom of the containers. Used coolant exits the containers through their perforated side walls.

The essence of the utility model is explained by drawings showing a container dryer for corn cobs:

Fig. 1 - container dryer for corn cobs, front view in dimetric;

Fig. 2 - container dryer for corn cobs, side and front views;

Fig. 3 - container dryer for corn cobs, rear and bottom view.

The design of a container dryer for corn cobs (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) consists of a frame 1 with a roof 2, a rotating pair of wheels 3 and a non-rotating pair of wheels 4, a heat generator 5, a fan 6, channels for feeding a coolant into containers from above 7 and a composite channel 8 for feeding a coolant from below through an inclined perforated bottom of containers 9, containers 9 with an inclined perforated bottom, dampers 10, 11 and 12 for forced removal of the channels for feeding a coolant from work, corrugated pipes 13 for connecting the channels for feeding a coolant into containers from above with ventilation windows in removable covers 14 installed on top of the containers, clamps-connectors 15 for hermetically connecting the channels with containers 9, a heat generator 5 and a fan 6, plugs 16, which close the free ends of all channels for feeding a coolant. The composite channel 8 for feeding the coolant into the containers from below through their inclined perforated bottom is formed by crosspieces 17 (Fig. 3), which are successively connected by clamps-connectors 15. In this case, the free ends of the crosspieces 17 are also closed by plugs 16.

The corn cob container dryer operates as follows. The dryer is delivered to the corn cob storage location, mounted on a frame 1 closed at the top by a roof 2 and equipped with a rotating wheel pair 3 and a fixed wheel pair 4 at the bottom. Heat generator 5 and fan 6 are then started, their operation is coordinated, and the required temperature is established directly in the coolant supply channels 7 into the containers from above and in the composite channel 8 for supplying coolant into the containers from below through their inclined perforated bottom. Then, containers 9 filled with corn cobs are installed on the dryer, after first disabling the coolant supply channels using dampers 10, 11, and 12. Corrugated pipes 13 connect the coolant supply channels into the containers from above to ventilation windows in removable lids 14 installed on top of the containers. The clamps-connectors 15 provide a hermetically sealed connection of the heat generator 5 and the fan 6 with the channels for feeding the coolant into the containers from above 7, the crosses 17 (Fig. 3) of the composite channel 8 for feeding the coolant into the containers from below through their inclined perforated bottom, and the ventilation windows in the removable lids 14 of the containers 9. The plugs 16 close the free ends of all the channels for feeding the coolant. After this, the damper 10 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) of the composite channel 8 is opened and the coolant is fed into the containers from below, through their inclined perforated bottom. This effectively warms up the lower half of the layer of cobs in the containers. After heating the bottom half of the cob layer in the containers, close valve 10 of the composite channel 8 and open valves 11 and 12 in the coolant supply channels 7 into the containers from above, effectively heating the top half of the cob layer in containers 9. To accelerate drying of the cobs, open all valves and supply coolant to containers 9 simultaneously from both the top and bottom of the cob layer. Used coolant exits containers 9 through their perforated sidewalls.

The proposed design of a container corn cob dryer improves the quality of drying corn cobs by ensuring uniform heat distribution over the entire height of the layer of cobs located inside each container.

Sources of information

1. RU 2272229 C1, F26B 9/06 (2006.01) 20.03.2006. Container dryer for drying heaps of agricultural crop seeds.

2. RU 2589972 C1, F26B 3/14 (2006.01), F26B 17/12 (2006.01) 10.07.2016. Method and device for container drying of seeds.

3. SU 439673, F26b 9/06, 02.04.1975. Dryer for corn on the cob.

Claims (1)

A container dryer for corn cobs, comprising containers with an inclined perforated bottom, a channel for feeding a heat carrier into the containers from above, a channel for feeding a heat carrier from below through the inclined perforated bottom of the containers, wherein the channels are equipped with dampers, a heat generator and a fan, characterized in that the containers are made with perforated side walls, are closed at the top with lids with ventilation windows, the dryer comprises a frame with a roof, a rotating and a non-rotating pair of wheels.