RU237594U1 - ELECTRIC SKID STEER FORKLIFT TRUCK - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to transport engineering, specifically to universal compact frontal electric skid-steer forklifts. The electric forklift comprises a load-lifting device (12) on a four-wheel chassis (1) with two planetary gears (4) and two drive wheels (2) attached to each side of the chassis (1). The rotation of the planetary gear (4) of each wheel (2) is achieved by its own electric motor (5) from a storage battery (8), through a drive control device comprising a control unit (6) and a control handle (7) on each side of the electric forklift. The technical result is a simplified design, increased productivity, and improved environmental performance.

Description

The field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to transport engineering, namely to universal small-sized frontal electric loaders with a side turn, which is a mini-earthmoving machine, A self-propelled, wheeled forklift with working or additional equipment, designed to mechanize small-volume loading operations, primarily with bulk and small-piece materials. When equipped with an attachment mounted on a forklift, it can be used in construction, municipal and agricultural sectors, industrial facilities, and anywhere versatility, high mobility, and the ability to work in confined spaces are required.

State of the art

A universal small-sized electric forklift with a side turn is known (patent for utility model of the Russian Federation No. 216531, IPC B66F 9/06, B60K 17/342, B60K 17/344, B60L 50/60, B60L 58/26, B60L 58/27, published on 14.02.2023), containing:

a forklift mounted on the chassis frame;

four-wheel chassis with two drive wheels on each side of the frame;

planetary gears for rotation of each wheel;

two electric drive motors;

two chain drives transmitting rotation from the front to the rear wheels;

brakes on the rear wheels;

a travel control device comprising control units and control handles for each side of the electric forklift;

battery, connected to the drive electric motors via a control device.

The well-known electric forklift has one drive motor on each side, which rotates the planetary gearboxes of the front wheels, and rotation from the front to the rear wheel is transmitted by a chain drive connecting the axles of the planetary gearboxes of the front and rear wheels.

The disadvantage of the analogue due to the presence of chain drives is the complexity of the design, increased time losses for servicing chain drives and replacing lubricants, and environmental pollution due to possible losses of lubricant with which chain drives are lubricated.

The closest analogue in technical essence is an all-wheel drive device with a low input torque, in particular for skid steer loaders (patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2766910, IPC B60K 17/342, B62D 11/08, B60L 7/24, B60L 50/60, published 03/16/2022), containing:

a forklift mounted on the chassis frame;

four-wheel chassis with two drive wheels on each side of the frame;

planetary gears for rotation of each wheel;

two electric drive motors;

two chain drives transmitting rotation from the front to the rear wheels;

brakes on the rear wheels;

a travel control device containing control units and control handles (joysticks) for each side of the electric forklift;

battery, connected to the drive electric motors via a control device.

The well-known electric forklift has one drive motor on each side, which rotates the planetary gearboxes of the front wheels, and rotation from the front to the rear wheel is transmitted by a chain drive connecting the axles of the planetary gearboxes of the front and rear wheels.

The disadvantage of the analogue due to the presence of chain drives is the complexity of the design, increased time losses for servicing chain drives and replacing lubricants, and environmental pollution due to possible losses of lubricant with which chain drives are lubricated.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result is a simplified design, increased productivity, and improved ecology.

The technical result achieved is that in an electric forklift with a side turn, containing a load-lifting device (12) mounted on a frame (3) of a chassis (1), a four-wheel chassis (1) with two drive wheels (2) on each side of the frame (3), planetary gears (4) for rotating each wheel (2), electric motors (5) for the drive, a drive control device containing control units (6) and control handles (7) for each side of the electric forklift, a storage battery (8) connected through a control device to the electric motors (5) of the drive, what is new is that each planetary gear (4) contains a rotation drive from its own electric motor (5) of the drive.

The utility model is supplemented by specific distinctive features that facilitate the achievement of the technical result. The control handle (7) of each side, via commands from the control unit (6), controls the reverse rotation of the electric motors (5) of the corresponding side. Each planetary gear (4) is secured to the side wall of the frame (3) of the chassis (1), with a wheel (2) secured to one side, and an electric motor (5) of the travel drive secured to the other, inside the frame (3). At least one wheel (2) on each side of the electric forklift is equipped with an electromagnetic brake (10).

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the electric skid steer forklift (left side view). Fig. 2 shows a simplified section along arrows A-A in Fig. 1.

List of structural elements:

1 - chassis;

2 - wheel;

3 - frame;

4 - planetary gear;

5 - electric motor;

6 - control unit;

7 - control handle;

8 - battery;

9 - tourniquet;

10 - brake;

11 - cabin;

12 - forklift.

Implementation of a utility model

The electric forklift with a skid steer comprises a chassis (1) on four wheels (2), two drive wheels (2) on each side. Planetary gears (4) are rigidly fixed on the outside, on the side walls of the frame (3) of the chassis (1). A wheel (2) is fixed to each planetary gear (4) on one side protruding outward, and on the other side, from the inside of the frame (3), an electric motor (5) of the travel drive is fixed by a flange connection. Each electric motor (5), located on one side inside the frame (3) of the electric forklift, is connected to the storage battery (8) by electric harnesses (9) through a travel control device consisting of a control unit (6) and a control handle (7) (joystick). At least the electric motors (5) of the two rear wheels (2) are equipped with electromagnetic brakes (10). The working equipment of the electric forklift is a forklift (12), which is fixed on top of the frame 3 of the chassis 1 around the cabin (11). The control handles (7) are located in the work station in the cabin (11), which is fixed on top of the frame 3 of the chassis 1.

The driver accesses the cabin (11) from the front. The forklift's travel is controlled by varying the speed and/or direction of rotation of the wheels (2) on opposite sides of the forklift, a technique known as skid steering.

The electric forklift works as follows

When operating the forklift (12) of the electric forklift, the driver is located at the workplace in the cabin (11). The movement of the electric forklift is controlled by the control handles (7) located in the cabin (11). When the driver deflects any control handle (7) of one side of the electric forklift, for example, forward from himself, the control unit (6) supplies voltage from the storage battery (8) through the harnesses (9) to two electric motors (5) of the corresponding side of the electric forklift, simultaneously the control unit (6) gives a command to disengage the electromagnetic brake (10) of the corresponding side, and the electric motors (5) simultaneously begin to rotate the planetary gears (4), which begin to rotate the drive wheels (2) on one side of the electric forklift. Moreover, if the control handle (7) on the opposite side is in the neutral position, then the rotating wheels (2) on the side of the control handle (7) deflected forward from the neutral position begin to turn the electric forklift towards the stationary wheels (2).

When the driver simultaneously deflects the control handles (7) on both sides of the electric forklift to one side, the control units (6) of each side supply voltage from the storage battery (8) through the harnesses (9) to the electric motors (5) of the corresponding side, at the same time the control units (6) give a command to disengage the brakes (10) on each side, all four electric motors (5), rotating through the planetary gears (4), rotate all the wheels (2) in one direction and the forklift performs a straight-line movement, depending on the deflection of the control handles (7) - forward or backward.

When the control handles (7) on both sides of the electric forklift are simultaneously deflected in opposite directions, one forward, the other backward, the control units (6) of each side supply voltage from the storage battery (8) through the harnesses (9) to the electric motors (5) of the corresponding side, at the same time the control units (6) give a command to turn off the brakes (10) on each side, and the electric motors (5), rotating through the planetary gears (4), rotate the wheels (2) on different side sides in opposite directions and the electric forklift turns on the spot.

Positive results of the proposed technical solution.

The electric skid steer forklift eliminates the disadvantages of its counterparts, namely:

due to the absence of chain drives, the design of the drive is simplified;

The simplified design of the drive reduces the time required for maintenance and lubricant replacement;

The time required for maintenance and lubrication replacement has been reduced, which increases the operating time;

The absence of lubricant required for lubricating chain drives eliminates environmental pollution.

The positive results of the technical solution, developed in accordance with the utility model formula, and the pilot industrial prototype of the electric forklift have been confirmed by production tests. Its functional suitability and safety for operation within the specified service life have been confirmed. Serial production is planned.

Claims (5)

1. An electric forklift with a skid steer, comprising a load-lifting device (12) mounted on a frame (3) of a chassis (1), a four-wheel chassis (1) with two drive wheels (2) on each side of the frame (3), planetary gears (4) for rotating each wheel (2), electric motors (5) for the drive, a drive control device comprising control units (6) and control handles (7) for each side of the electric forklift, a storage battery (8) connected through a control device to the electric motors (5) for the drive, characterized in that each planetary gear (4) comprises a rotation drive from its own electric motor (5) for the drive. 2. An electric forklift according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the control handle (7) of each side is designed with the ability to control the reverse rotation of the electric motors (5) of the corresponding side by means of commands from the control unit (6). 3. An electric forklift according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each planetary gear (4) is secured to the side wall of the frame (3) of the chassis (1), with a wheel (2) secured to it on one side, and an electric motor (5) for the drive secured to the other side, from the inside of the frame (3). 4. An electric forklift according to paragraph 1, characterized in that at least one wheel (2) on each side of the electric forklift is equipped with a brake (10). 5. An electric forklift according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the brake (10) of the wheel (2) is electromagnetic.