RU2374515C1 - Separator of roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of shipbuilding and machine building, particularly to separators for roller non-metallic bearings, providing operation of rotating vertical and horizontal shafts of pumps and propeller shafts of ships, lubricating by water. Separator of roller bearing is implemented as detachable from two halves, connected by fixation of type "dovetail" and is outfitted by grooves for rollers. Separator is outfitted by main and auxiliary posts located circumferential of separator between grooves for rollers. On effective face surface of separator there are implemented radial and crescent-shaped grooves. Grooves in separator are implemented as spoon-shaped form and ends of grooves allows blade-shaped form. External diametre of separator in the area of frame allows less dimension and inner diametre allows higher dimension. In plane of separator connector from each side there are installed at least two pins.

EFFECT: providing of trouble-free operational cycling of bearing and increasing of operation life thereof.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and mechanical engineering, in particular to cages for non-metallic roller bearings, ensuring the operation of rotating vertical and horizontal shafts of pumps and propeller shafts of ships lubricated with water.

Known stern device according to copyright certificate No. 1717479, B63H 23/36. The device contains rolling bearings on which the propeller shaft rests. Each bearing consists of a separator with windows made in cross section in the shape of circles, the diameter of each of which exceeds the diameter of the roller installed in the windows, while the width of each window on the inner and outer surfaces of the separator is less than the diameter of the roller. The separator is made integral of the separator itself and the end cap, on the inner surface of which radial grooves are made, providing an adhesive connection of the separator racks with the cover. The disadvantage of this design of the bearing cage is the appearance of increased rolling friction due to the action of centrifugal forces on the roller, which is pressed in addition to the bearing housing to the outer side of the cage window, causing additional friction. The glue connection of the separator cover with its housing does not provide the necessary reliability of this mount. Under the influence of vibrational loads, the separator cover is disconnected from the housing, which leads to the failure of the bearing.

A stern tube device with a roller bearing is known according to the copyright certificate No. 2035357, having a stern tube with a stern roller bearing installed in it, through which the propeller shaft passes.

The disadvantage of this roller bearing is the increased wear of the shanks of the rollers and hemispherical grooves located in the separator when working in a liquid containing abrasive particles, which was observed in practice when using these roller bearings.

Known roller bearing according to patent No. 2308621, adopted as a prototype and containing an outer casing, rolling elements and a cage that holds the rolling elements at a distance from each other.

The separator of this known bearing has through rectangular grooves for mounting the rollers and is made detachable into two halves, while the connector plane of one of the separator halves is made in the form of a dovetail, and the connector plane of the other half of the separator is made in the form of a response groove along the entire length . The connection of the halves of the separator in the dovetail is glued.

The disadvantages of the design of the separator in the claimed roller bearing are:

- the presence of through rectangular grooves in the separator body, which does not allow installation of a roller bearing in stern-shaft devices of propeller shafts and horizontal pump shafts without special equipment;

- through grooves in the separator do not allow it to be kept in the neutral position with respect to the shaft and the bearing housing during operation, which leads to increased friction when the separator touches the bearing housing and shaft;

- the absence of any design solutions on the end working surface of the separator rings, allowing to remove abrasive particles from the friction zone and improving cooling and lubrication of the working surface of the separator support rings, leads to increased wear;

- the absence of basic stiffness racks at high loads on the separator leads to its twisting;

- dovetail adhesive bonding in the detachable design of the separator does not exclude axial displacement of the separator halves relative to each other in the presence of vibration loads on the separator during operation of the roller bearing. The adhesive bond is destroyed due to vibration loads.

The technical task of the invention is to improve the roller bearing cage in such a way that it is devoid of the noted drawbacks and provides an increased bearing life in general.

The problem is solved in that the roller bearing cage, made detachable from two halves connected by a dovetail mount and equipped with grooves for the rollers, is equipped with main and auxiliary racks located around the circumference of the separator between the grooves for the rollers, and on the working end surface the separator is made radial and crescent grooves. The grooves in the separator are made in a spoon-shaped form, and the ends of the grooves have a scapular shape. The outer diameter D 2 of the separator in the area of the racks is smaller, and the inner diameter D1 is a larger size. In the plane of the separator connector, at least two pins are installed on each side.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the separator, figure 2 - the shape of the end of the groove of the separator, figure 3 - the end face of the separator ring, figure 4 - the separator in a vertical position with a longitudinal cut.

The cage of the roller bearing consists of two halves 1 and 2, interconnected using a "dovetail" 3. In the plane of the connector on each side is installed at least two pins 4.

The grooves 5 for the rollers 6 of the separator are made in a spoon-shaped form, which has the largest width in the outer part and tapers towards the inside of the separator.

The shape of the ends of the grooves 5 in the separator (figure 2) is made in the form of a spatula, which provides intensive cooling and lubrication of the end part of the rollers, as well as effective circulation of the working fluid in the roller bearing.

Between the grooves 5 of the separator around its circumference, the main racks 7 and auxiliary racks 8 are installed.

The working surface of the separator ring is provided with radial grooves 9 and crescent-shaped grooves 10.

The separator works as follows.

When the shaft rotates in the grooves 5 of the separator, the rollers 6 begin to rotate, which under the influence of radial load together with the separator simultaneously rotate inside the bearing housing.

As a rule, to ensure the normal operation of the propeller, the propeller shafts of the ships have a slope in the stern. In addition, ships very often go with a trim in the stern. These two factors lead to the fact that there is an axial component of the load, which is transmitted through the rollers 6 to the separator and presses its working end part to the supporting working surface. The resulting frictional force slows down the loaded part of the separator with respect to the rest of the separator, and with insufficient rigidity of the racks, the separator is twisted. The main racks 7 together with the auxiliary racks 8 provide the necessary rigidity of the design of the separator.

When the separator rotates in the working area, heat is generated from the influence of friction forces, the value of which depends on the coefficient of friction. Radial 9 and sickle-shaped 10 grooves supply water to the working area and at the same time, due to centrifugal forces, abrasive particles in the water are discarded to the periphery.

In the process, when the bearing housing is detachable, the crescent grooves 10 provide a smooth transition of the connector in the working area.

The axial component also acts on the rollers 6, pressing the end of the roller to the inner plane of the groove of the separator. The blade-like shape of the 5 ends of the groove during operation allows you to intensively cool the working end of the roller 6 and to ensure intensive water circulation due to centrifugal forces.

During operation of the propeller shaft or pump shaft, vibration loads occur that are transmitted to the roller bearing. Under their influence, a shift of the halves 1 and 2 of the separator relative to each other can occur. To prevent this from happening, pins 4 are tightened into the plane of the connector.

To reduce the friction forces from the rotating cage against the bearing housing and the shaft, its inner diameter D1 in the vicinity of the struts is increased, and the outer diameter D2 is reduced.

In the process of operation of the roller bearing, a spoon-shaped groove 5 holds the separator in the case of complete moisture saturation of the material from which it is made, in the middle position, in which the longitudinal part does not touch either the shaft or the bearing housing. The spoon-shaped shape of the grooves 5 of the separator, which has the largest width in the outer part, allows the roller 6 to move freely in the groove 5 of the separator in the direction of the bearing housing during operation of the bearing.

To the inner side of the separator, the groove narrows to a value that ensures the failure of the roller inside the groove by a predetermined value determined by calculation, depending on the materials used for the manufacture of the separator and the roller.

To increase the durability of the dovetail joint 3, its dimensions and joint angle were increased.

Thus, the proposed design of a cage for a roller bearing ensures reliable operation of the bearing and extends its life.

Claims (4)

1. The separator of a roller bearing, made detachable from two halves connected by a dovetail mount, and provided with grooves for the rollers, characterized in that the separator is equipped with main and auxiliary racks located around the circumference of the separator between the grooves for the rollers, while on the working radial and crescent grooves are made on the end surface of the separator. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves in the separator are made in a spoon-like shape, and the ends of the grooves have a spatulate shape. 3. The separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer diameter of the separator in the area of the racks is smaller and the inner diameter is larger. 4. The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two pins are installed on the side of the separator connector on each side.

Images