RU2371579C1 - Development method of low-capacity steeply dipping lode - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: development method of lodes by layers with backfilling includes driving of preparatory-temporary workings 1, excavation of ore by diagonal layers 3, breaking by explosive blast holes into open area of layer, shipping of ore and filling of open area of layer by backfilling. Angle of slope of diagonal layer 3 is accepted equal to minimal limit angle, overcoming by self-propelled equipment. Backfilling is implemented up to designed taking-out capacity of lode by undermined rocks of bottom layer and/or granulated laying mixture from mill tailing.

EFFECT: effectiveness increase of development, cost cutting for development of lodes, losses of minerals and anthropogenic load to environment.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for the development of thin and low-power steeply dipping wires.

There is a method of developing steeply falling low-power veins with laying of the worked-out space undermined by host rocks with the abandonment of an over-track pillar, including sinking of an ore rising, inclined ramp from the horizon of the recoil drift to the horizon of the drift drift in the rocks of the lying side at an angle of 8 ° to the horizon. After the drift of the sweep, the cleaning recess of the floor begins. The notch is carried out in diagonal layers, leaving the supratrack pillar. The pillar left at the cleaning recess is taken out in a descending order when the floor is repaid (see Lyakhov A.I. Technology of development of vein deposits. - M .: Nedra, 1984. - p.180-183).

The disadvantages of this method are the driving of an inclined ramp, which increases the cost of developing a core, and the abandonment of an over-track pillar with its subsequent mining, accompanied by an increase in ore losses.

There is a method of developing steeply falling low-power conductors with laying of the treatment space with blasting enclosing rocks with the erection of an artificial super-track pillar, including blasting the rocks of the wall of the recoil drift from the side of the lying side before excavating each layer along the ore face, the rock from the blasting is placed in the volume of the ore drift and partially in the treatment space , in an ore drift from the delivered rock, an inclined ramp is built to move self-propelled equipment from the working face to the formed field track, an interstore pillar is formed (see Lyakhov A.I. Technology of development of vein deposits. - M.: Nedra, 1984. - p.184-186).

The disadvantage of this method is the undermining of the rocks of the wall of the retreating drift from the lying side and placing it in the volume of the ore drift and partially in the treatment space, which is accompanied by an increase in the complexity of the treatment work and a decrease in the productivity of downhole workers.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of development, reducing the cost of developing cores, loss of minerals and anthropogenic impact on the environment.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the method of developing thin and low-power steeply dwindling layers with a bookmark, including sinking of the pre-cut workings, excavation of the ore with diagonal layers, blasting with explosive bore holes into the worked out space of the layer, shipment of ore and filling of the worked out space of the layer with a bookmark, differs in that the angle of inclination of the diagonal layer is taken equal to the minimum limit angle overcome by self-propelled equipment, the bookmark is made by undermined rocks lying its flanks to the design capacity of the recess of the core and / or granular filling mixture from the tails concentrator.

The complex of self-propelled cleaning equipment for breaking and delivering ore includes a self-propelled drilling rig for drilling holes, a roof-edging self-propelled machine for frying pins from the exposed surface of the ore face, a loading and transporting machine for delivering ore from the face to the transshipment point where the conveyor belt is installed. The listed machines have unequal angles to overcome the slope.

Excavation of ore with diagonal layers with an inclination angle equal to the minimum limit angle overcome by machines included in the complex of self-propelled treatment equipment provides conditions for the use of high-performance self-propelled machines for breaking and delivery of ore, which can significantly increase labor productivity (by 60-80%) and reduce production costs by 20-30%.

The tailings of the processing plant contain harmful and toxic substances and pollute the natural environment. In underground mining of thin and low-power steeply dipping cores, they can be used to fill the worked out space in the form of a granular filling mixture, which is effective during transportation.

Figure 1 presents the structural elements of the proposed method of development in the projection of the core AA on a vertical plane along its strike. In Fig.2 shows a section along the plane BB in Fig.1 in a projection across the extension of the core. Figure 3 shows a section bb in figure 1 in projection on a horizontal plane. Figure 4 shows the node 1 in figure 2.

The drawings show: 1 - ventilation drift; 2 - ore drift; 3 - diagonal layer; 4 - field haulage drift; 5 - loading and transport failure; 6 - tape reloader; 7 - breed from undermining of the lying side; 8 - granular filling mixture.

The development method is as follows. For vein excavation pass ventilation drift 1, ore drift 2 and field recoil drift 4. Drifts 2 and 4 are periodically interconnected by loading and transport fault 5, in which a belt reloader is installed 6. The ore is excavated with diagonal layers 3 with a layer inclination angle equal to 12 ... 15 ° from the flank of the core. With a core power of up to 0.8 m, blasting holes are drilled first by a self-propelled drilling rig along the core itself, the broken ore is delivered by a self-propelled loading and transport machine until the loading and transport failure. The ore is transported by a belt crane to a field haulage drift 4 and loaded into mine cars of an electric locomotive hauler. After the ore is shipped, blasting holes are drilled along the blasted rocks 7 of the lying side to the design core extraction capacity, the broken rock is placed in the worked-out space of the diagonal layer 3. In the unfilled part of the worked-out space of layer 3, a granular filling mixture from the tailings of the processing plant delivered from the earth's surface is placed. In the case of the core power in the range from 1.5 to 3.0 m, the filling of the worked-out space of the diagonal layer 3 is carried out only with a granular filling mixture.

The use of the proposed technical solution in the development of thin and low-power steeply dipping cores will increase labor productivity through the use of high-performance self-propelled machines in the ore dredging, the efficiency of extracting minerals from the bowels, and reduce the cost of mining and the environmental burden.

Claims (1)

A method for the development of thin and low-power steeply dipping veins in layers with a bookmark, including sinking of the pre-cut workings, excavation of the ore with diagonal layers, blasting with blast holes in the worked out space of the layer, shipment of ore and filling of the worked out space of the layer with a bookmark, characterized in that the inclination angle of the diagonal layer is taken equal to to the minimum limit angle overcome by self-propelled equipment, laying is carried out by blasted rocks of the lying side to the design extraction capacity of the core and / and and granular backfill mixture of tailings concentrator.

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