RU236779U1 - DEVICE FOR FASTENING ELECTRIC CABLES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical installation products and devices for fastening and fixing electrical wires and cables. The technical result consists in increasing the service life of cables by reducing the mechanical impact on wires when they are assembled into bundles. For this purpose, the device for fastening electric cables comprises a base, on the lower surface of which magnets are fixed with the possibility of installing the device on a metal surface, and on the upper surface of which two detachably connected U-shaped walls are installed, between which a gap is formed and an elastic elastic tape is stretched, made with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires on it and fixed on jaws mounted on axes in the gap between the walls in their upper part and in the closed position made with the possibility of abutting against each other with the end parts in the center of the gap, wherein the walls and jaws are made of plates, and the jaws contain drive levers made integral with the jaws and with the possibility of moving to the open position by bringing the drive levers together and moving to the closed position by spreading the drive levers under the action of the elastic elastic tape, and the walls are provided with locks with the possibility of fixing the jaws in the open position, wherein the device is made with the possibility of implementing the sliding of the bundles of wires in the gap between the jaws and the walls. 3 sec. f-ly, 6 ill., 3 tables.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular to electrical installation products and devices for fastening and securing electrical wires and cables, including bundles of cables, and can be used to organize and support bundles of wires and cables when laying out wires on a platform for making bundles [IPC: H02G 3/30].

A device for assembling a bundle of wire cables is known from the prior art (US 3627300, published 16.11.1976), comprising a frame, a pair of movable brackets on the frame, ending in opposite spaced ends, and an elastic band for receiving objects inserted between the ends of the brackets and for securely holding the brackets in the holding position to prevent unintentional removal of these objects.

The disadvantage of the specified analogue is that the actuation of the levers when extracting cables exerts excessive pressure on the cables due to the fact that the levers are movable in the "up-down" direction (relative to the horizontal axis of the levers) and when extracting cables, they tightly contact their surface, damaging their insulation. This leads to a decrease in the service life of the cables. In addition, if the diameter of the bundle is larger than the installed one, then it is not possible to extract it from the device entirely, but only in parts, therefore the operations of installing and extracting cables from the device are labor-intensive and determine the duration of the bundle assembly process.

The prior art discloses a device for holding and forming a bundle of several objects (US 4029277, published 14.06.1977), comprising a base designed to be secured to a work surface, a frame for mounting on the base, consisting of a pair of levers, each of which ends with a movable end portion, and an elastomeric material secured to the frame and including a part connecting the levers adjacent to the free ends, wherein this part interacts with the end portions to hold the bundle between them.

The disadvantage of the said analogue is that the activation of the levers during the process of cable extraction creates excessive mechanical impact on the conductors, which potentially leads to a violation of the integrity of their insulating coating. Also, technological operations for placing and releasing cables from the device are characterized by high labor intensity, which causes an increase in the duration of the production cycle for forming a bundle.

The prior art discloses a plasma for manufacturing wire bundles with magnetic wire holders (RU 167361 U1, published 10.01.2017), made in the form of an assembly table with wire holders fixed to it, intended for clamping wires, turning wires or a bundle of wires, and branching wires, wherein the wire holders are made magnetic, and the assembly table is covered with sheet magnetic material.

The disadvantage of this analogue is that the activation of the levers during the process of extracting cables creates a mechanical impact on the conductors, which leads to a violation of the integrity of their insulation and a reduction in the service life of the cables.

The closest analogue in technical essence and achieved result is a system of tools for fastening flexible conductors of magnetic adsorption type (CN 110993196, published 10.04.2020), including a magnetic plate, a device for fixing an elastic wire and a nodal support, wherein the device for fixing an elastic conductor includes a base with a magnet, two clamping jaws made with the possibility of rotation, and an elastic tape connecting the inner sides of the clamping jaws, wherein the clamping jaws are in a horizontal position and are in relative contact with each other under the action of the tensile force of the elastic belt.

The main problem with the prototype is the reduced service life of cables fixed to the fixation device due to mechanical damage to the cables when they are removed from the device.

The purpose of a utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result consists in increasing the service life of cables by reducing the mechanical impact on wires when they are assembled into bundles.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for fastening electric cables contains a base, on the lower surface of which magnets are fixed, made with the possibility of installing the device on a metal surface, and on the upper surface of which two detachably connected U-shaped walls are installed, between which a gap is formed and an elastic elastic tape is stretched, made with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires on it and fixed on jaws mounted on axes in the gap between the walls in their upper part and in the closed position are made with the possibility of resting against each other with the end parts in the center of the gap, wherein the walls and jaws are made of plates, the jaws contain drive levers made integral with the jaws, and are made with the possibility of moving to the open position by bringing the drive levers together and moving to the closed position by spreading the drive levers and under the action of the elastic elastic tape, and the walls are provided with locks made with the possibility of fixing the jaws in the open position, wherein the device is made with the possibility of implementing the sliding of the bundles of wires in the gap between the sponges and the walls.

In particular, the walls are made of metal plates and ABS plastic plates.

In particular, the sponges are made of ABS plastic plates.

In particular, the walls and jaws are made of polyamide plates.

Brief description of the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a cable bundle holder with open jaws.

Fig. 2 shows a cable bundle holder with closed jaws.

Fig. 3 shows a cable bundle holder with closed jaws with a bundle of wires placed inside.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of the cable bundle holder.

Fig. 5 shows a cable bundle holder with open jaws and arrows F1 showing the direction of force applied to the clamps.

Fig. 6 shows a cable bundle holder with closed jaws and arrows F2 showing the direction of the force applied to the jaw drive levers.

The following are indicated on the figures: 1 - base, 2 - walls, 2.1 - metal plate, 2.2 - plastic plate, 3 - detachable connection, 4 - clearance, 5 - elastic band, 6 - sponge, 6.1 - drive lever, 7 - axis, 8 - end part, 9 - retainer, 10 - magnet, 11 - bolted connection, A - wire bundle.

The claimed device is intended for fastening and fixing electrical wires and cables (bundles), preferably on a metal plate for the production of bundles and wires.

The device for fastening electric cables comprises a base 1 made in the form of a plate, on the surface of which two identical U-shaped walls 2 are mounted, each of which consists of plates 2.1 and 2.2 (Fig. 4). The walls 2 are connected to each other by means of detachable connections 3, for example, by means of screw connections, bolted connections, pins or splines. The walls 2 have a gap 4 made with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires A in it (Fig. 3). Between the walls 2 in the gap 4 an elastic band 5 is stretched, made with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires A on it and secured on triangular-shaped jaws 6 mounted on axes 7 in the gap 4 between the walls 2 in their upper part, wherein the jaws 6 contain drive levers 6.1 made integrally (as a single whole) with the jaws 6.

The jaws 6 are configured to rotate inward into the clearance 4 due to the mobility of the jaws 6 on the axes 7 and have two main positions: open (Fig. 1) and closed (Fig. 2). In the closed position, the jaws 6 are configured to rest against each other with their end portions 8 in the center of the clearance 4. In the closed position, the jaws 5 are configured to allow the bundles of wires A to slide in the clearance 4 between the jaws 6 and the walls 2 by means of a force applied by the bundle of wires A to the end portions 8 of the jaws 6 and directed vertically downward into the clearance 4. The rotation of the jaws 6 to move them from the closed position to the open position is accomplished by bringing the drive levers 6.1 together (Fig. 6). In the open position, the jaws 6 are designed with the possibility of being fixed by means of automatic locks 9 mounted on the walls 2. The transfer of the jaws 6 from the open position back to the closed position is carried out by activating the locks 9 (Fig. 5) and, under the action of the tension force of the elastic band 5, moving the drive levers 6.1 away from each other.

The lower surface of the base 1 is equipped with neodymium magnets 10, fixed to the base 1 by means of bolted connections 11 and made with the possibility of installing the device on the working surface of a metal assembly (electrical) platform intended for manufacturing harnesses. Magnets 10 are made with the possibility of dismantling, due to which the device can be installed by means of bolted connections 11 or self-tapping screws.

In this case, the base 1 is made in the form of a metal plate, for example, aluminum or copper. The walls 2 consist of metal plates 2.1 and plastic plates 2.2 made of ABS plastic, and the jaws 6 consist of plastic plates made of ABS plastic. Also, the walls 2 and jaws 6 can be made of polyamide plates, manufactured by injection molding.

The device for fixing electrical cables works as follows.

The device for fastening electric cables is installed on the working surface of the metal platform using magnets 10 or on any other working surface that is intended for assembling bundles and on which wire (cable) holders can be installed using bolted connections 11 or self-tapping screws. In the initial position, jaws 6 are in the closed position and rest with their ends 8 in the center of the gap 4. When installing bundles of wires A (or one wire) in the device for fastening electric cables with a bundle of wires A, force is applied along the line of contact of the end parts 8 of jaws 6 inside the device vertically downwards into the gap 4. At the moment of rotation of jaws 6 on the axes of jaws 7 and the formation of a gap between jaws 6, the bundle of wires A falls into the gap 4, thus the bundle of wires A slides inside the device and is installed on the elastic elastic tape 5, and jaws 6 close above it due to the tension force created by the elastic elastic tape 5.

Before removing the bundle of wires A from the clamp of jaws 6, which are in the closed position, a compressive force F2 is applied to the drive levers of jaws 6.1 in the direction of the center of the device into the gap 4 (Fig. 6) in order to bring the drive levers 6.1 together until jaws 6 reach the open position and until the moment of actuation of the locks 9. Then jaws 6 are fixed in the open position automatically due to the actuation of locks 9. Due to the action of the tension force of the elastic band 5, the bundle of wires A is extracted as far upward as possible, and the extraction of the bundle of wires A occurs with minimal effort, since the tension force of the elastic band 5 pushes the bundle of wires A upward. In this case, the device allows one wire or part of the bundle of wires A to be extracted, forming a small gap between jaws 6 by incompletely bringing together the drive levers 6.1.

To subsequently move the device from the open position to the closed position, press the locking buttons 9 (in the direction F1 of Fig. 5) and, under the action of the tension force of the elastic band 5, move the drive levers 6.1 away from the center of the clearance 4.

The technical result consists in increasing the service life of cables by reducing the mechanical impact on wires when they are assembled into bundles.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for fastening electric cables contains a base, on the lower surface of which magnets are fixed, made with the possibility of installing the device on a metal surface, and on the upper surface of which two detachably connected U-shaped walls are installed, between which a gap is formed and an elastic elastic tape is stretched, made with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires on it and fixed on jaws mounted on axes in the gap between the walls in their upper part and in the closed position made with the possibility of resting against each other with the end parts in the center of the gap, wherein the walls and jaws are made of plates, the jaws contain drive levers made integral with the jaws, and are made with the possibility of moving to the open position by bringing the drive levers together and moving to the closed position by spreading the drive levers apart, and the walls are provided with locks made with the possibility of fixing the jaws in the open position, wherein the device is made with the possibility of implementing the sliding of the bundles of wires in the gap between the jaws and the walls.

Due to the fact that the jaws 6 can be moved from the closed position to the open position and due to the action of the tension force of the elastic band 5 on the wires placed on it, pushing the bundles of wires upward, the extraction of bundles of wires (or an individual wire) occurs with minimal effort, and the open jaws 6 with their end parts 8 do not damage the wires and do not violate their insulation, as a result of which the service life of the cables is increased.

Due to the presence of clamps 9, jaws 6 are fixed in the open position, as a result of which they do not damage the wires and do not violate their insulation, therefore, the service life of the cables is increased.

In this case, the additional production of walls 2 and jaws 6 from ABS plastic plates, as well as from polyamide, ensures a reduction in damage to wires as a result of contact between bundles of wires A and the surface of walls 2 and jaws 6.

An additional advantage of the utility model is the fast fixation of the wire during assembly, the fast removal of wires from the clamp with zero force, there is no situation when the bundle of wires A, collected according to the maximum capacity of the clamp, cannot be removed entirely. Several such devices of different calibers can form a set for fastening electric cables, which allows you to create a system of cable bundle holders and form bundles of almost any configuration on a metal plate. In this case, all devices hold the bundle at the same distance from the metal plate, which ensures convenient point tightening of the bundle of wires or winding the bundle of wires with insulating materials (bandaging).

The achievement of the stated technical result is demonstrated by the following examples.

Example 1.

To assemble the harnesses, a device for fastening electrical cables with the following overall dimensions was used: the height of the device from the base 1 to the line of contact of the end parts 8 of the jaws 6 - 80 mm, the length of the device - 140 mm, the length of the clearance 4 - 55 mm, the width of the clearance 4 (the distance between the walls 2) - 30 mm.

Single-core copper wires with a diameter of 2 mm and an insulating coating made of PVC plastic were used for the experiment. The proportion of damaged cables per 100 cables installed in the device was determined during their installation and removal. To determine the service life of cables, a 3D model of the cable was created and the service life of the cable was predicted using computer modeling. The time required to assemble the bundles was also additionally measured. The results were compared with analogues known from the state of the art.

Table 1.

Analogue (device) Device for assembling a bundle of wire cables (US 3627300, published 16.11.1976) Device for holding and forming a bundle of several objects (US 4029277, published 06/14/1977) Tool system for fastening flexible conductors of magnetic adsorption type (CN 110993196, published 10.04.2020) Claimed utility model Number of damaged wires during installation, pcs. 3 1 0 0 Number of damaged wires during extraction, pcs. 17 10 5 0 Percentage of damaged wires, % 20 11 5 0 Cable life based on simulation, years 10 11 13 15 Time for assembling the harness, min 20.1 21.5 9.1 8.5

In the demonstrated example, the claimed device ensured complete safety of the wires - the share of damaged ones was 0%. Thus, the device ensured an increase in the service life of cables - by 2 years compared to the prototype, due to the absence of mechanical damage to the wires. Additionally, the device ensured an increase in the speed of assembly of harnesses by 0.6 min. compared to the prototype.

Example 2.

To assemble the harnesses, a device for fastening electrical cables with the following overall dimensions was used: the height of the device from the base 1 to the line of contact of the end parts 8 of the jaws 6 - 80 mm, the length of the device - 112 mm, the length of the clearance 4 - 39 mm, the width of the clearance 4 (the distance between the walls 2) - 30 mm.

Single-core aluminum wires with a diameter of 5 mm and an insulating coating made of PVC plastic were used for the experiment. The share of damaged cables per 100 cables installed in the device was determined during their installation and removal. To determine the service life of cables, a 3D model of the cable was created and the service life of the cable was predicted using computer modeling. The time required to assemble the bundles was also additionally measured. The results were compared with analogues known from the state of the art.

Table 2.

Analogue (device) Device for assembling a bundle of wire cables (US 3627300, published 16.11.1976) Device for holding and forming a bundle of several objects (US 4029277, published 06/14/1977) Tool system for fastening flexible conductors of magnetic adsorption type (CN 110993196, published 10.04.2020) Claimed utility model Number of damaged wires during installation, pcs. 1 1 0 0 Number of damaged wires during extraction, pcs. 12 9 2 0 Percentage of damaged wires, % 13 10 2 0 Cable life based on simulation, years 13 15 17 20 Time for assembling the harness, min 22.5 23.0 10.2 9.5

In the demonstrated example, the claimed device ensured complete safety of the wires - the share of damaged ones was 0%. Thus, the device ensured an increase in the service life of cables - by 2 years compared to the prototype, due to the absence of mechanical damage to the wires. Additionally, the device ensured an increase in the speed of assembly of harnesses by 0.7 min. compared to the prototype.

Example 3.

To assemble the harnesses, a device for fastening electrical cables with the following overall dimensions was used: the height of the device from the base 1 to the line of contact of the end parts 8 of the jaws 6 - 76 mm, the length of the device - 85 mm, the length of the clearance 4 - 21 mm, the width of the clearance 4 (the distance between the walls 2) - 23 mm.

Single-core copper wires with a diameter of 6 mm and a fluoroplastic insulating coating were used for the experiment. The proportion of damaged cables per 100 cables installed in the device was determined during their installation and removal. To determine the service life of the cables, a 3D model of the cable was created and the service life of the cable was predicted using computer modeling. The time required to assemble the bundles was also additionally measured. The results were compared with analogues known from the state of the art.

Table 3.

Analogue (device) Device for assembling a bundle of wire cables (US 3627300, published 16.11.1976) Device for holding and forming a bundle of several objects (US 4029277, published 06/14/1977) Tool system for fastening flexible conductors of magnetic adsorption type (CN 110993196, published 10.04.2020) Claimed utility model Number of damaged wires during installation, pcs. 1 1 0 0 Number of damaged wires during extraction, pcs. 10 5 2 0 Percentage of damaged wires, % 11 6 2 0 Cable life based on simulation, years 17 20 23 25 Time for assembling the harness, min 25.2 23.3 12.1 11.2

In the demonstrated example, the claimed device ensured complete safety of the wires - the share of damaged ones was 0%. Thus, the device ensured an increase in the service life of cables - by 2 years compared to the prototype, due to the absence of mechanical damage to the wires. Additionally, the device ensured an increase in the speed of assembly of harnesses by 0.9 min. compared to the prototype.

The described examples demonstrate that the device increases the service life of cables by 2 years due to the reduction of mechanical damage to wires. An additional advantage is the increase in the speed of assembly of harnesses by 0.6–0.9 min.

Claims (4)

1. A device for fastening electric cables, comprising a base, on the lower surface of which magnets are fixed, designed with the possibility of installing the device on a metal surface, and on the upper surface of which two detachably connected U-shaped walls are installed, between which a gap is formed and an elastic elastic tape is stretched, designed with the possibility of placing a bundle of wires on it and fixed on jaws mounted on axes in the gap between the walls in their upper part and in the closed position designed with the possibility of abutting each other with the end parts in the center of the gap, characterized in that the walls and jaws are made of plates, wherein the jaws contain drive levers made integral with the jaws, and are designed with the possibility of being transferred to the open position by bringing the drive levers together and transferred to the closed position by spreading the drive levers under the action of the elastic elastic tape, and the walls are provided with locks designed with the possibility of fixing the jaws in the open position, wherein the device is designed with the possibility of implementing the sliding of the bundles of wires in the gap between the sponges and the walls. 2. A device for fastening electrical cables according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the walls are made of metal plates and ABS plastic plates. 3. A device for fastening electrical cables according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the jaws are made of ABS plastic plates. 4. A device for fastening electrical cables according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the walls and jaws are made of polyamide plates.