RU2362049C2 - Method of generating mechanical energy and synchronised accumulator-converter of pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method of generating mechanical energy and accumulator-converter of pressure refer to mining engineering. For implementation of this method the accumulator-converter is assembled in a well; the accumulator-converter is connected to a flow string of the well via a sub; by changing position of a nut-centraliser a piston of the first inlet channel is actuated by means of hydrostatic pressure of well fluid; power is accumulated in a compressed working chamber; in the well there is created depression, which causes response of an actuating mechanism; also supply of well fluid into the first inlet channel is synchronised with the order of executing of operations. Two piston channels are made in the case of the accumulator; the piston, a piston-valve and a working spring between them are arranged in the first piston channel; this channel is connected with a radial slot of the sub by means of an axial channel of the sub; a back valve is installed in the radial slot; the actuating mechanism and its piston-end are assembled in the second channel; the piston-end is rigidly connected with the piston-valve by means of a rod; additional piston channels are made in the case; the piston-valves of these channels are rigidly and successively tied between them and correspondingly tied with the piston-end and the piston-valve of the first inlet channel.

EFFECT: invention facilitates generation of mechanical energy avoiding traditional types of energy carriers; it also facilitates increased reliability of operation.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, and specifically to geophysical research and work, drilling and repair work in wells, as well as work in environments with high hydrostatic pressure to convert this pressure into mechanical energy.

A known method of producing mechanical energy, comprising converting the force of the static pressure of the liquid into mechanical by the action of hydrostatic pressure of the liquid on the piston.

A hydraulic jack is known comprising a housing with a piston and a rod located therein. The housing is placed in a guide sleeve with the possibility of axial movement in it. A thread is cut on the outer surface of the housing, forming a screw pair with a nut interacting with the end face of the guide sleeve. The stem is connected to the sleeve, and one of the ends of the housing is articulated with the base plate. To expand the range of use and increase the load capacity, the sleeve is equipped with a connecting flange.

In a known technical solution, the housing is both a guide cylinder for the piston and a reservoir for the working fluid, simplicity and reliability of the design are the advantages of this solution.

The technical result of the invention is a significant increase in useful environmentally friendly mechanical energy without the use of traditional types of energy, while increasing the reliability and synchronized operation of the pressure transducer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of producing mechanical energy, which consists in converting the forces of the static pressure of the liquid into mechanical energy by applying hydrostatic pressure to the piston, the synchronized pressure accumulator-pressure transmitter is placed in the well at a predetermined immersion depth, including a housing having a series cylindrical piston channels and connected in series through a belt screw adapter with a pump weed pipes of the well, then, by changing the position of the centralizer nut centralizer along the lead screw, the check valve is forced to open or close with the possibility of exposure to the piston of the first inlet channel by hydrostatic pressure of the well fluid, accumulate energy in a compressible working spring, and create depression in the well to ensure actuation the actuator due to the cutoff of the safety pins, while synchronizing the flow of the borehole fluid into the first input channel with priority New to perform operations.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a synchronized pressure accumulator-pressure transmitter (APDS), comprising a housing connected in series through a tape screw adapter to the well tubing, moreover, two cylindrical piston channels are made inside the housing, a piston and a piston are placed in the first input channel -gold and working spring between them, the first inlet channel is connected by the axial circulation channel of the adapter with its radial groove, in which a check valve with the ability to alternately open or close the uterine centralizer nut, in the second channel associated with the space of the well, an actuator and its piston-tip are installed, which are mounted with the possibility of fixing with safety pins and rigidly connected by a rod with a piston-spool installed with the possibility of overlapping with its outer surface radial circulation channel of the housing.

A longitudinal circulation channel is made on the rod connecting the piston-tip and the piston-spool.

The housing has additional cylindrical piston channels, the piston spools of which are rigidly connected in series with each other and are connected respectively with the piston tip and the piston spool of the first inlet channel, and the radial circulation channels of the housing in the additional cylindrical piston channels are configured to overlap with the outer surfaces of the pistons spools of the corresponding channels.

The essence of the invention is the creation of a source of mechanical energy for work and operations with devices and mechanisms lowered into the well, with tight synchronization and priority in performing specified operations, through the use of the stored energy of a liquid column in a well by the simultaneous action of hydrostatic pressure of a liquid on a number of pistons -zolotnikov cylindrical piston channels to convert the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid into mechanical energy, and creating the specified depression in the well, allows you to get away from the absolute values of the pressure, and to operate only with the current values of the pressure of the well fluid at different levels.

In addition, the operation of the pressure transmitter-accumulator is carried out without the use of traditional types of energy carriers while increasing the reliability of its operation.

Comparison of the proposed solution with well-known technical solutions shows that it has a new set of essential features that can successfully achieve the goal.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the APDS, figure 2 - a device for increasing the power of mechanical energy, figure 3-8 - the dynamics of the operation of the APDS.

The essence of the proposed technical solution will be clear from the following description of the operation of the device.

The implementation of the method is based on the operation of the APDS.

APDS contains:

1 - housing;

2 - tape drive screw adapter;

3 - uterine centralizer nut;

4 - check valve;

5 - the piston;

6 - piston-spool;

7 - piston tip;

7 _a - stock;

8 - safety pin;

9 - sealants-sealants;

10 - axial circulation channel;

11 - the first input cylindrical piston channel;

12 - the second cylindrical piston channel;

13 - working spring;

14 - actuator:

15 - tubing;

16 - radial groove;

17 - radial circulation holes;

18 is a longitudinal circulation channel.

The synchronized pressure transmitter-converter operates as follows.

APDS together with the mechanism descends into the well on the tubing 15. The position of the fallopian centralizer nut 3 can be arbitrary (see figure 3). After installation in the interval of work and control by geophysical methods, by rotation of the tubing 15, the fallopian centralizer nut 3 is lowered to the position in which it opens the check valve 4 (see figure 4). The fluid under hydrostatic pressure P ₁ enters the axial circulation channel 10 and presses through the piston 5 to the working spring 13, compressing it and applying pressure to the piston-spool 6, rigidly connected to the piston-tip 7, fixed by a safety pin 8 and located under pressure P ₁ .

After some time (calm), the system of the piston-spool 6 and the piston-tip 7 comes into equilibrium at the current pressure P ₁ . After this, by rotation of the tubing 15, the fallopian centralizer nut 3 is moved to the upper position and the check valve 4 is closed (see Fig. 5). The system is ready for use.

When the liquid level in the borehole (depression) decreases, the equilibrium in the piston system is disturbed, and the piston-spool 6 and piston-tip 7 systems begin to move under the action of the working spring 13, the condition for the movement of which is to cut (break) the safety pins 8.

The shape and dimensions of the safety pins 8 can be used to adjust the start of movement of the piston-tip 7, defined as the pressure difference ΔP = P ₁ -P ₂ , where P ₁ is the initial pressure in the well at a given immersion depth, P ₂ is the pressure in the well after depression, with the same area of the pistons 5 and 7 (see Fig.6).

During the movement of the piston-tip 7, after depressurization of its sealant-sealant 9, the force acting on the piston-tip 7 increases as the ratio of the areas of the piston-tip 7 and the rod 7 _{a of} this piston (see Fig.6).

The piston-spool 6, rigidly connected with the piston-tip 7, when moving reaches a position (see, Fig.7), when the radial circulation holes 17 form a hydraulic connection with a common axial hydraulic channel of the well (not shown in the drawing). The piston 5 has no reverse movement (the fluid is not compressible) and the piston-spool 6, along with the pressure P ₁ (through the working spring 13), starts to act under pressure P ₂ throughout the entire movement of the piston-spool 6 and, if (after opening the channel) the force of the working spring 13 and the pressure of the well P ₂ acted on the piston-spool 6, then at the end of the movement the piston-spool 6 moves only under the action of pressure P ₂ . The power of the APDS is determined by the pressure P ₂ and the difference between the areas of the piston-spool 6 and the rod 7a.

The end of the movement of the piston-spool 6 is the exit of the longitudinal circulation channel 18 of the rod 7 _and beyond the seal-seal 9 and pressure equalization in the inlet and second piston channels (see Fig. 8).

To increase the power by two or more times, identical piston-spools 6 are used (see figure 2).

Moreover, at the same time, several APDS with the same number of turns on the adapter with a tape drive screw 2 are lowered into the well (the number of turns of the tubing 15 from opening to closing the check valve 4 with the stop of the master nut-centralizer 3 in the upper or lower wall of the adapter with a tape screw 2) it becomes possible to synchronize the filling of the input channels 11 with liquid under the current pressure in this interval. Using various safety pins 8 at the cutoff pressure, the sequence of operation of each APFD can be programmed.

When lowering several APDS with a different number of revolutions (suppose 5 and 10), it becomes possible to sequentially fill the input channels 11 (see Fig. 1) at various controlled pressures and after closing the check valves 4, cause automatic operation of various mechanisms when the pressure in the well changes expanding the possibilities of using APDS.

The technical and economic effect of the invention is a significant increase in useful environmentally friendly mechanical energy without the use of traditional types of energy and increasing the reliability of the APDS.

Claims (4)

1. The method of producing mechanical energy, which consists in converting the forces of the static pressure of the liquid into mechanical energy by applying a hydrostatic pressure to the piston, characterized in that the synchronized pressure accumulator-pressure transducer comprising a housing having a series of cylindrical piston pistons is placed in the well at a given depth of immersion channels and connected in series through the adapter of the tape screw with the tubing of the well, m changing the placement position of the fallopian centralizer nut along the lead screw, the check valve is forced to open or close with the possibility of the hydrostatic pressure of the borehole fluid acting on the piston of the first inlet channel, accumulate energy in a compressible working spring, create depression in the borehole by actuating the actuator by cutting safety pins, while synchronizing the flow of the borehole fluid into the first input channel with the sequence of operations. 2. The synchronized pressure accumulator-pressure transducer, comprising a housing, connected in series through a tape screw adapter to the well tubing, characterized in that two cylindrical piston channels are made inside the housing, a piston, a piston-spool and a working spring are placed in the first input channel between them, the first inlet channel is connected by the axial circulation channel of the adapter with its radial groove, in which a check valve is installed with the possibility of alternating opening and and closing with a uterine centralizer nut, in the second channel associated with the space of the well, an actuator and its piston-tip are installed, which are mounted with the possibility of fixing with safety pins and rigidly connected by a rod with a piston-spool installed with the possibility of overlapping its outer surface of the radial circulation channel corps. 3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that a longitudinal circulation channel is made on the rod connecting the piston-tip and the piston-spool. 4. The battery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the housing has additional cylindrical piston channels, the piston spools of which are rigidly connected in series with each other and are connected respectively with the piston tip and the piston spool of the first input channel, and the radial circulation channels the housings in the additional cylindrical piston channels are arranged to overlap the external channels with the external surfaces of the piston spools.

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