RU2355995C1 - Airborne target - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: proposed airborne target is designed to be operated with radar and thermal lock-on systems of weapons. The proposed target comprises a casing, fuse, buster device, parachute system and plume represented by a cylinder with pyrotechnic compound and a bottom. Note here that aforesaid plume incorporates two obturators fitted on the cylinders, nearby its end faces, while the plume bottom represents two spaced apart and rigidly jointed disks. Note also that the front disk is coupled with the plume cylinder, while the rear one is coupled with the parachute system.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of target due to enhanced lighting properties and reliability.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, can be used in target devices designed to work with radar and thermal weapons systems.

Known aerial target, which contains the nose, to which is attached the main volumetric part, made of mesh material stretched over a wire frame, the threads of which are interconnected, and at the intersection are connected in nodes. (US Patent No. 5026073, 1993).

Known rocket device used as a flying target, which contains a housing with a mounting plate mounted on it, a head fairing and a rocket engine. The wings of stabilizers connected by stiffeners are attached to the body, and reflective surfaces, for example, made of polyethylene, are attached to them, which are folded and open automatically at the time of launch (GB 3/135338 from 05.15.74, class F41J 9 / 08, inventions abroad, 11, 1974, p. 3).

The disadvantage of a rocket device is the limitation on its use, the practical impossibility of obtaining a thermal field of the required characteristics when using polyethylene as a reflective surface.

A known air target comprising a housing mounted on it a mounting plate (head part) and a fuse attached to the mounting plate in front, the target is equipped with a torch placed in the housing in the form of a cylinder with a pyrotechnic composition and a bottom, a parachute system and a figured compartment located between bottom of the torch and parachute system. (RF patent No. 2187064 dated 03/14/2000 - prototype).

The air target of patent 2187064 allows you to eliminate the shortcomings of a flying target (missile device), but at the same time it has a number of disadvantages:

- there is no knockout device for ejecting the torch and parachute system from the target body (the pyrotechnic compositions used in the torch to create a thermal field are usually low-gas and slow-burning, therefore they cannot create pressure for reliable separation of the bottom of the body and ejection from the torch body and parachute system) ;

- there is no protection of the parachute system from the combustion products of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch at the time of its ejection from the body, which can significantly reduce the reliability of the target;

- there is no alignment of the torch cylinder relative to the inner surface of the body, which can lead to a violation of the continuity of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch when it is ejected from the body when the target is oriented at an angle to the incident flow (impact of the torch cylinder against the end of the body), which ultimately leads to reducing the lighting characteristics of the target (operating time) and the formation of a false thermal field (partial ejection of the composition from the cylinder and its burning out outside the target);

- the placement of the igniter in the nose of the fairing with the transfer of a thermal pulse through the channel with subsequent expansion in volume before the pyrotechnic composition of the torch leads to a sharp decrease in temperature and pressure of the products of combustion of the igniter, which can lead to a decrease in the reliability of ignition of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the aircraft target.

The technical result consists in improving the lighting characteristics and reliability of the aircraft target.

The technical result is achieved in that the aviation target contains a body, a head part, a fuse, a bomber, a parachute system and a torch in the form of a cylinder with a pyrotechnic composition and a bottom, while the torch is equipped with two obturating devices placed on the cylinder near its ends, and the bottom of the torch made in the form of two spaced and rigidly connected disks, the front disk being connected to the torch cylinder, and the rear disk to the parachute system.

The supply of an aviation target with a bouncer allows creating enough pressure and temperature of its combustion products in the volume before the pyrotechnic composition of the torch to ignite the pyrotechnic composition, separate the target body and eject the torch and parachute system from it, which ultimately significantly increases the reliability of the target.

The supply of the target torch with two obturating devices located on the cylinder near its ends allows to provide reliable protection of the parachute system from the combustion products of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch at the time of its ejection from the housing. In addition, obturating devices perform the functions of centering thickenings of the torch cylinder, which eliminates the violation of the continuity of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch at the moment of its ejection from the body (excluding the impact of the torch cylinder on the end of the body), which leads to a significant increase in the target's characteristics and the formation of false light and thermal fields.

The execution of the bottom of the torch in the form of two spaced and rigidly connected disks, the front of which is connected to the cylinder of the torch, and the rear to the parachute system, reduces the thermal effect of the torch on the parachute system, thereby increasing the reliability of the target, and also use the rear disk as mounting plate for the parachute system, thereby reducing its overall mass characteristics. In addition, this solution allows for assembly-by-site assembly of the target, and therefore, reduce the complexity of its manufacture.

In an aircraft target, the knockout device can be made in the form of a carrier and destructible cups connected by open ends, in the cavities of which a sample of smoked gunpowder is placed on the side of the fuse, and a mixture of smoked gunpowder with aluminum-magnesium powder is placed on the side of the torch, this carrier glass is rigidly connected to the head part and is made with a Central hole in the bottom in which the fuse is fixed.

This technical solution allows you to provide:

- reliable initiation by a fuse of an expelling charge (a sample of smoky gunpowder and its mixture with aluminum-magnesium powder);

- high temperature of the combustion products of the expelling charge, thereby significantly increasing the reliability of ignition of the pyrotechnic composition of the torch;

- the pressure of the products of combustion of the expelling charge in the volume in front of the torch, required for reliable separation of the target body and ejection of the torch and the parachute system from it.

In an aircraft target, the obturation device can be made in the form of a thin-walled glass attached to the torch cylinder with a central hole in the bottom and with an external flange on which a felt ring is fixed, which makes it possible to strengthen the torch cylinder from both ends and leads to the possibility of its manufacture from low-density and low-strength material, for example from cardboard, and use the freed mass to increase the length of the torch, and therefore increase the duration of its work.

In an aviation target, the torch can be equipped with a centering ring placed on the cylinder between the obturating devices, which allows to increase the length of the torch, and therefore the duration of its operation, without violating the continuity of the pyrotechnic composition at the time of discharge of the torch from the target body.

Figure 1 shows a General view of an aircraft target.

Figure 2 shows the torch.

Figure 3 shows a knockout device.

The aviation target consists of a housing 1, a fuse 2, a knockout device 3, a torch 4, a parachute system 5. The torch 4 includes a cylinder 6 with a pyrotechnic composition 7, the bottom in the form of a front disk 8, a rear disk 9, a sealing device 10 in the form of a glass 11, a felt ring 12, a centering ring 13. The knockout device 3 includes a carrier glass 14, a destructible glass 15, a sample 16 of smoke gun powder, a mixture of 17 smoke gun powder and aluminum-magnesium powder, a partition 18.

The work of an aviation target is as follows.

After the carrier delivers the target to a predetermined height after the deceleration time set on the fuse 2, the sample 16 of the smoky gunpowder is initiated, from the combustion products of which the partition 18 is destroyed and the mixture 17 is activated. From the combustion products of the sample 16 and the mixture 17, the glass 15 is destroyed and the pyrotechnic composition ignites 7 of the torch 4, and the pressure of the resulting gases from the body 1 is ejected into the air stream of the torch 4 and the parachute system 5, while the obturating devices 10 prevent the flow of oduktov combustion linkage 16, 17 and the composition of the mixture 7 in volume 5 of the parachute system, and in conjunction with centering ring 13 eliminates blow cylinder 6 on the one end of the housing.

The brake dome of the parachute system 5 extinguishes the initial speed of the target to a value acceptable for the introduction of the main dome. The burning torch 4 is lowered on the main dome with the reflector open inside it. After the pyrotechnic composition 7 of the torch 4 is burned, the remains of its reinforcement are reduced to the ground on the main dome.

The implementation of the proposed technical solutions in the design of an aircraft target, confirmed by the results of ground and flight tests, allows to increase the efficiency of its action by improving the lighting characteristics and reliability of the action.

Claims (5)

1. Aircraft target, comprising a body, a head, a fuse, a parachute system and a torch in the form of a cylinder with a pyrotechnic composition and a bottom, characterized in that it is equipped with a knockout device, and the torch is equipped with two obturation devices placed on the cylinder near its ends, with the bottom of the torch is made in the form of two spaced and rigidly connected disks, the front disk being connected to the torch cylinder and the rear disk to the parachute system. 2. The target according to claim 1, characterized in that the knockout device is made in the form of a carrier and destructible cups connected by open ends, in the cavities of which a sample of smoke gun powder is placed on the side of the fuse, and a mixture of smoke gun powder is placed on the side of the fuse with aluminum-magnesium powder, while the carrier glass is rigidly connected to the head part and is made with a central hole in the bottom, in which the fuse is fixed. 3. The target according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the obturation device is made in the form of a thin-walled glass attached to the torch cylinder with a central hole in the bottom and with an outer flange on which a felt ring is fixed. 4. The target according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the torch is equipped with a centering ring placed on the cylinder between the obturating devices. 5. The target according to claim 3, characterized in that the torch is equipped with a centering ring placed on the cylinder between the obturating devices.

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