RU2350889C2 - Two-channel ground target detector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to two-channel passive detectors of IR-radiating ground targets with self-guided scanning target seeker ammunition. Proposed device incorporates optical system with its output connected to the optical signal divider input. The said divider outputs, in 7 to 14 mcm spectral range, and output in 0.8 to 1.1 mcm range are connected to the inputs of two-channel photo receiver. Photo receiver first output is connected to the first inertial detector and to that of the first adder. Photo receiver second output is connected, via a controlled amplifier, to the second inertial detector input and the fist adder second input. Note here that the outputs of the first and second inertial detectors are connected to the second adder first and second inputs, respectively, that are, in their turn, to the subtractor inputs. Note that the subtractor output is connected, via the voltage divider, to the aforesaid amplifier control input. The first adder output is connected, via the voltage divider, with the comparator input, while the second adder output is connected, via the maximum signal isolation device, to the comparator inverse input with its additional input connected to altimeter.

EFFECT: increased probability of detecting targets with positive temperature contrast relative to underlaying surface and higher noise immunity.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to two-channel passive devices for detecting ground objects by their infrared radiation from scanning coordinators of a target of self-aiming ammunition.

A known video sight with integrated fire control for rifles, comprising a video camera with a lens, a data input unit, a fire control computing unit, a video signal mixer, a crosshair generator, and a video monitor. The output of the camera is connected to the first input of the video signal mixer, the input of the fire control computer is connected to the output of the data input unit, and the output is connected to the crosshair generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the video signal mixer. The image on the monitor screen shooter is watching through the eyepiece. A characteristic feature of the described device is the presence of a fire control computing unit. To increase the accuracy of firing in this unit, the lead angle (along the course) and the elevation angle (along the height) are calculated taking into account the values obtained from the output of the data input unit (range, aiming angle speed, cross wind speed, air temperature and pressure, weapon warp ammunition ballistic data). As a result, the generated crosshair is shifted relative to the center of the screen of the video monitor by the values of lead and elevation angles (GB 2175074, F41G 3/00, 1986).

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of precision aiming.

A device for the automated aiming and firing of small arms is also known, comprising an optical-electronic sensor, a capture unit, a shot resolution unit, a visualization unit, a power supply unit, characterized in that it is equipped with a frame memory unit, a frame control unit, a morphological classifier, a laser range finder comprising a laser emitter, first and second laser receivers, a roll indicator, an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert voltage signals arriving at its inputs into a serial code (ATsPK), air temperature sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, first and second information transceivers, multi-channel analog-to-digital converter, scene image pre-processing unit, frame stabilization unit, target motion classifier, analysis unit , range checking unit, aiming point shaper, first and second digital-to-analog converters, transverse wind speed estimation unit, switch, first electronic with an electronic key, an electromagnet with an anchor, a range measurement permission unit, while an optical-electronic sensor, a roll indicator, a laser rangefinder, an ADCS, a transmitter of the first information transceiver, a receiver of the second information transceiver, the first electronic key, a power supply and an electromagnet with an anchor are located on small arms, and the outputs of the roll sensor of the weapon, the first and second receivers of laser radiation of the range finder are connected to the inputs of the ADC, the output of which and the output of the optoelectronic sensor the inputs of the transmitter of the first information transceiver, the first output of the receiver of the second information transceiver is connected to the control input of the emitter of the laser rangefinder, the first electronic key and an electromagnet are connected to the second output of the receiver of the second information transceiver, the anchor of which is mechanically connected to the trigger of the small arms, and the second input of the first electronic the key is connected to the power supply, the remaining units of the device are located in the outfit arrow, while the receiver the first information transceiver, an analog-to-digital converter, a frame memory unit, a scene image pre-processing unit, a frame stabilization unit, a morphological classifier, an analysis unit, a range checking unit, an aiming point shaper, a first digital-to-analog converter and a visualization unit are connected in series; the outputs of the air temperature sensor and atmospheric pressure sensor are connected to other inputs of the analog-to-digital converter; the second and third outputs of the receiver of the first information transceiver are connected to the second and third inputs of the frame memory unit, and the fourth and fifth outputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the transverse wind speed estimation unit, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the frame memory unit, to the fifth and sixth inputs which respectively connects the second output of the frame stabilization unit and the output of the frame control unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the analysis unit; the first output of the frame stabilization unit is also connected to the input of the capture unit, the input of the target motion classifier and the input of the second digital-to-analog converter, the output of which is connected via the normally closed contacts of the switch to the second input of the visualization unit, which is connected through the normally open contacts of the switch to the output of the receiver of the first information transceiver; the output of the capture unit is connected to the second input of the morphological classifier; the first and second outputs of the target motion classifier are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the analysis unit, the output of which is also connected to the input of the range resolution unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the transmitter of the second information transceiver, the first input of which is connected to the output of the shot resolution unit, input which is connected to the second output of the shaper of the aiming point. (RU 2240485, F41G 3/00, 09/04/2002).

The disadvantages of the device are low noise immunity and complexity of the device.

The technical result of the proposal is to increase the likelihood of detecting a target having a positive temperature contrast relative to the underlying surface, as well as to increase the noise immunity of the device.

To achieve this result, a two-channel device for detecting ground objects is proposed, containing an optical system, the output of which is connected to the input of the optical divider, the output in the spectral range of 7-14 μm and the output in the spectral range of 0.8-1.1 μm, which are connected to the inputs of the two a photodetector, the first output of which is connected to the first inertial detector and the input of the first adder, and the second output of the two-channel photodetector through an adjustable amplifier is connected the input of the second inertial detector and the second input of the first adder, while the outputs of the first and second inertial detectors are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second adder, connected to the inputs of the subtractor, the output of which is connected to the control input of the adjustable amplifier, the output of the first adder through the divider voltage is connected to the direct output of the comparator with direct, inverse and additional inputs, configured to process signals at direct and inverse inputs after the signal arrives at an additional input, and the output of the second adder is connected via a maximum signal extraction device to the inverse input of the comparator, the additional input of which is connected to the altimeter.

The drawing shows a structural electrical diagram of a two-channel device for the detection of ground objects.

A two-channel device for detecting ground objects contains:

1 - optical system

2 - optical signal divider

3 - two-channel photodetector

4, 5 - the first and second inertial detectors

6, 7 - the first and second adders

8 - voltage divider

9 - device for selecting the maximum signal ("maximizer")

10 - comparator

11 - altimeter

12 - subtractor

13 - adjustable amplifier.

Two-channel device for detecting ground objects works as follows. The optical system 1 receives signals in a fairly wide range. Since in addition to the main “thermal” channel in the spectral range (7-14) microns, an additional channel is introduced in the spectral range (0.8-1.1) microns, formed by the optical signal divider 2, the probability of detecting the target in the daytime increases, so how radiation is reflected from objects and the noise immunity of the device at any time of the day is increased, which responds to "luminous" objects.

The signal from the target through the thermal channel is determined by the degree of heating of the latter, and by the additional channel - by its reflectivity relative to the background.

Joint processing of the signals received at the two outputs of the two-channel photodetector 3 is carried out by adding these signals to the first adder 6, the signal of the additional channel being pre-inverted. Similarly, the output signals of the first and second inertial detectors 4 and 5 are added by the second adder 7, the output signal of which is supplied to the inverse input of the comparator 10 (comparison device), being a “floating” threshold level. An output signal is supplied to the direct input of the comparator 10 through a voltage divider 8 the first adder 6 and in case of exceeding the threshold level, the “comparator 10” “trips”, indicating the presence of a target in the field of view of the device.

The transfer coefficient of the voltage divider 8 is 0.7-0.9, excluding the operation of the device from random interference emissions having a slight excess over the "floating" threshold.

The device for extracting the maximum signal 9 ("maximizer") transmits to the output the larger of the two input signals, i.e. The “floating” threshold level at the output of the second adder 7 is compared with a constant threshold level Uпор, and the larger of them is transmitted to the output of the “maximizer”. In the case of a “calm” background situation, when the Uthreshold exceeds the “floating” threshold, then it determines the threshold sensitivity of the entire detection device. With an increase in the level of fluctuations in the background signal, a transition to a “floating” threshold is carried out.

In the subtracting device 12, the output signal of the second inertial detector 5 of the additional channel is subtracted from the output signal of the first inertial detector 4 of the main channel, and the resulting difference signal plays the role of a control signal of the controlled amplifier 12. Due to this, the detection device is “adapted” to changing external application conditions, providing adjustment of the signal level of the auxiliary channel to the signal level of the main channel.

Due to such signal processing, a new property has appeared - the ability to analyze possible combinations of signal characteristics of two spectral ranges. Using a “floating” threshold allows you to track the level of fluctuation of signals from the underlying surface, reducing the likelihood of false triggering by the background in the case of strong signal fluctuations (“complex” background) and eliminating the roughening of the device with a “calm” background.

The specified signal processing is carried out after receiving a signal from an altimeter 11, which is part of the detection device and determines a predetermined height above the ground, increasing the efficiency of the use of self-aiming ammunition.

The processing circuit can be implemented both in analog design on discrete elements, and in digital design based on a microprocessor.

Claims (1)

A two-channel device for detecting ground objects, containing an optical system, the output of which is connected to the input of the optical signal divider, the output in the spectral range of 7-14 μm and the output in the spectral range of 0.8-1.1 μm, which are connected to the inputs of the two-channel photodetector, the first output which is connected to the first inertial detector and the input of the first adder, and the second output of the two-channel photodetector through an adjustable amplifier is connected to the input of the second inertial detector and the second input the house of the first adder, while the outputs of the first and second inertial detectors are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second adder connected to the inputs of the subtractor, the output of which is connected to the control input of the adjustable amplifier, the output of the first adder through a voltage divider connected to the direct input of the comparator with direct, inverse and additional inputs, configured to process signals at direct and inverse inputs after a signal arrives at the additional input, and the output of the second adder is connected via a maximum signal extraction device to the inverse input of the comparator, the additional input of which is connected to the altimeter.