RU2348007C2 - Optical device for measuring diameters of details - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, measurements.

SUBSTANCE: optical device designed to measure diameters of details comprises the optical-mechanical unit consisting of the laser, photodiode ruler and prisms with a 90-degree angle intended for installation of the detail to be measured. Laser beam passes through the prism aperture to fall on spring-loaded polished plate for it to turn under the weight of the measured detail in a plane, perpendicular to the detail axis. Then, the said beam is reflected onto the photodiode ruler.

EFFECT: new optical simple-design with expanded performances.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to optical devices for measurement and control, namely for measuring the geometric parameters of parts, and can be used in the manufacture of various parts such as bodies of revolution.

Known laser installation for controlling the diameter of parts on lathes, described in the book "Active size control" / S.S. Volosov, M.L.Shleifer, V.Ya. Ryumkin and others. Ed. S.S. Volosova. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1984, p. 127. It includes a laser, a photodetector, characterized in that the radiation from the laser, passing through a system of mirrors and prisms, is directed to the workpiece, part of the light flux that has passed tangentially to the surface of the part being inspected is deflected at an angle to the main stream and optical systems are directed to photodetectors, the output signal of which corresponds to the dimensional deviation of the diameter of the product.

The disadvantage of this installation is the impossibility of its use when cutting with coolant and a relatively high cost.

Also known is a non-contact active monitoring laser device described in the book “Active Size Control” / S.S. Volosov, M.L. Shleifer, V.Ya. Ryumkin and others. Ed. S.S. Volosova. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1984, p. 129. It includes a helium-neon laser, a photodetector, characterized in that the radiation from the helium-neon laser is directed to the surface of the controlled part from the cutter side through the optical system, the reflected light flux is perceived by the optical system of the measuring device and sent to the photodetector made of photo-resistors.

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of the measurement, due to the influence on the accuracy of control of power and thermal deformations of the part, changes in the curvature of its surface, which is especially evident when processing stepped and shaped parts.

Closest to the claimed invention is an optical device for measuring the diameters of large parts, containing an opto-mechanical size setting unit, consisting of a cone, a lever, a first spring providing contact of the free end of the lever with the surface of the cone, and a position transmitter of the edge of the part, characterized in that the cone of the optomechanical size setting unit with a screw movement mechanism is freely mounted on a centering stop fixed in the measurement plane on a movable base optical-mechanical unit for setting the size, and is rigidly connected to the movable rod installed in the vertical guide sleeve of the moving base of the optical-mechanical unit for setting the size and connected to the moving base using a second spring, which provides cone contact with the centering stop, on the moving base of the optical of the mechanical unit for setting the size, the mechanism of relative vertical movement of the axis of rotation of the lever with the transducer of the position of the edge of the part is fixed, and the movable base is optically the mechanical unit for setting the size is installed with the ability to move the vertical stationary guides with devices for fixing and counting the magnitude of the movement (RF Patent 2181190 C2, G01B 21/10, 2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited technological capabilities: measurement of only large-sized parts, design complexity, which leads to an increase in measurement error, strict requirements for the purity of the workpiece.

In this regard, the most important task is to create a new optical device that allows expanding technological capabilities, that is, to control medium-sized parts in any type of production at the stages of roughing and finishing, with minimal measurement error, while simplifying the design.

To achieve a technical result, an optical device for measuring the diameters of parts is proposed, characterized in that the optical-mechanical unit, consisting of a laser, a photodetector, a prism in which a laser beam passes through the hole, incident on a spring-loaded polished plate that can be rotated under the weight of the measured part in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the part, and is reflected on the photodiode array.

The drawing shows the proposed device.

An optical device for measuring the diameters of parts contains a prism 1 with an angle of 90 °, a laser 2, a photodiode ruler 3, a polished plate 4, an axis 5 on which a polished plate 4 is attached, a circular spring 6, an end measure 7, a measured part 8.

The device operates as follows. When installing the measured part 8 in the prism 1, the polished plate 4 under the weight of the part 8 is rotated by a certain angle. The laser beam 2, incident on the polished plate 4, is reflected in a certain area of the photodiode array 3 installed in the recess of the prism 1, which prevents its damage when measuring small parts.

To return the polished plate 4 to its original position, a circular spring 6 is used.

To expand the measurement range, it is possible to use end gauges 7 mounted on a polished plate 4. Measurement of subsequent parts is carried out similarly.

Thus, the use of the claimed optical device in mechanical engineering in the production of parts such as bodies of revolution allows you to reduce the level of marriage of processed products, reduce the complexity of the controller, increase production productivity. Since the number of structural elements is minimized, this also significantly reduces the measurement error.

Claims (1)

An optical device for measuring the diameters of parts, characterized in that the optical-mechanical unit consists of a laser, a photodiode array, a prism with an angle of 90 ° to install a measured part, in which a laser beam passes through the hole, incident on a spring-loaded polished plate, which can be rotated under the weight of the measured part in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the part, and is reflected on the photodiode array.