RU2342289C2 - Heat-resistant and water-proof insulating coating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to methods of protection of construction members of space and missile articles (SMA) from harmful environmental impact. Heat-resistant and water-proof insulating coating of construction members of space and missile articles is performed as multi-layer package and consists of elastic rubber material layer made with orifices and edge channels for preliminary attachment to protected element in condition of vacuum, layer of rubber material with orifices for pumping-off gas and stiffening ribs for final attachment to protected element, preliminary deaerated rubber layer with membranes, resilient heat-resistant coating with filler agent and outer metallized coating.

EFFECT: efficient protection of important construction members of space and missile articles from harmful environmental impact during long-term operation.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of technical thermodynamics, in particular to methods for providing highly effective protection of structural elements of rocket and space technology (RKT) from the harmful effects of environmental factors, leading to an accelerated decrease in the reliability of objects.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, one of the most acute problems in the operation of RCT is the extension of the warranty period for long periods. The essence of the problem lies in the need to protect the designs of the RCT from the harmful effects of environmental factors.

Environmental factors include, first of all, environmental factors and forces of various nature, caused by industrial accidents and the effects of the elements.

Air exposure factors are characterized by:

- meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure and air mobility);

- the chemical composition of air (oxygen content, carbon dioxide and other components);

- biological characteristics of air (the presence of microorganisms in it);

- physical characteristics (electromagnetic state of the air, the presence (propagation) of disturbances from various sources).

The factors of the effects of elements and accidents include mechanical, thermal, chemical, electromagnetic and other types of effects of liquids, gases, vapors, solids on objects during flooding, fires, hurricanes, collapses and in other emergency situations.

For the case of protecting structural elements from mechanical stress, a shield design is known whose layers are separated by an air gap. This design, to some extent, allows you to dissipate the kinetic energy of mechanical stress, however, it lacks structural elements for shock damping [Application France 2607237, cl. F41H 5/02, 1988].

The disadvantage of this solution is that the design is wired too complicated, cumbersome and low-tech.

For the case of protection of structural elements of an object from meteorological influences (temperature, humidity, pressure and air mobility differences), complex systems for maintaining the temperature and humidity conditions are used, which are also not sufficiently able to cope with a complex of various influences, such as biological characteristics of air (the presence of microorganisms), physical characteristics (electromagnetic state of the air, the presence (propagation) of disturbances from various sources).

Thus, the object of the invention is the development of an insulating heat and moisture protection coating that provides sufficiently effective protection of important structural elements of rocket and space technology from the effects of environmental factors in order to maintain reliability indicators of the functioning of objects at the required level for long periods of operation.

Declared insulating heat and moisture protection coating, which is made in the form of a package consisting of several layers. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a section of an insulating heat and moisture protection coating.

1. A layer of elastic rubber material with holes and edge channels.

2. A layer of rubber material with holes for pumping gas and stiffeners.

3. Vacuum rubber layer with partitions.

4. Damping heat-insulating layer with filler.

5. Metallized coating.

Layer 1 of elastic rubber material with holes 5 and edge channels 6 is a layer of preliminary fastening of an insulating heat and moisture protection coating to the protected object 7 using edge channels 6 by attaching the cavity of the channels to the surface of the object 7 when creating a vacuum in them. The elasticity of the material allows you to achieve a fairly tight contact of the layer with a relief or even surface of the protected object.

A layer 2 of rubber material with openings 5 for pumping gas and stiffeners 8 is intended for complete fastening of the insulating heat and moisture protection coating to the surface of the protected object 7 by pumping gas out of it through special openings 5. Stiffeners 8 are designed to maintain the given geometric shape of layer 2 after pumping gas.

Layer 3 is also made of rubber material with partitions 9 with the original vacuum inside. The layer provides high thermal and waterproofing of the protected object 7 from the influence of the external environment, as well as isolation from oxygen and other components of the air.

The damping heat-protective layer 4 with the reinforcing structure 10 and the filler 11 is made in the form of a reinforced structure with an internal filler (for example, halafiber), the outer side of the layer having a light metallized coating 12, designed to reflect thermal and electromagnetic effects.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that the insulating heat-moisture-protective coating protecting the object is made in the form of a multilayer package of rubber material with high elastic properties, made in such a way that the design makes it easy to fix it to the protected object by vacuum suction, as well as capable of batch type, to provide sufficiently effective protection of important elements of rocket and space technology from the effects of external factors are rare and forces of various nature caused by technological accidents and the effects of the elements (mechanical, thermal, chemical, electromagnetic and other types of exposure to liquids, gases, vapors, solids). The insulating heat and moisture protection coating is made in the form of a mat with the required boundary dimensions and is applied to the outer surface of the protected object.

Since the totality of the introduced elements and their location before the filing date of the application in the patent and scientific literature are not found, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The action of the insulating heat and moisture protection coating is as follows. When thermal and electromagnetic effects on the insulating heat and moisture protection coating metallized coating 12 of the layer 4 performs the function of reflection of radiation.

During mechanical action, the special structure of layer 4, as well as layers 3 and 2, allows to reduce the degree of impact.

When exposed to environmental factors (temperature, humidity, liquids, gases, vapors, pressure, thermal, microorganisms, etc.), vacuum layers 3 and 2 provide guaranteed protection due to heat and moisture insulation properties.

Thus, the insulating heat and moisture protection coating allows protecting the structural elements of the RCT from the influence of environmental factors (electromagnetic, chemical, mechanical, effects of temperature, humidity, liquids, gases, vapors, pressure, thermal, microorganisms, etc.). Due to several factors:

- vacuum isolation from environmental factors;

- effective reflection and absorption of thermal and other types of electromagnetic effects of radiation on the protected object,

- damping and resistance to mechanical stress.

Experimental studies of the proposed heat and moisture insulation coating have confirmed the attainability of the claimed beneficial effects, in particular, it has been shown to be suitable for protecting structural elements of rocket and space technology from external factors by providing reflection of up to 90% of thermal radiation, insulation from heat fluxes of up to 95%, isolation from components of air and other chemical elements in the medium in contact with the object - up to 99%, damping and counteraction to mechanical manual ultrasonic inspection - up to 78%.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Lvov A.I. Design, strength and calculation of missile systems. M., VA F.E. Dzerzhinsky, 1980.

2. RF patent No. 2103295 for an invention dated January 31, 1994. Layered intumescent fire retardant coating.

3. Zarubin B.C. Applied problems of thermal strength of structures. M .: Engineering, 1985, 296 p.

4. Avduevsky B.C., Galitseysky B.M., Glebov G.A. et al. Fundamentals of heat transfer in aviation and rocket and space technology / Ed. ed. B.C. Avduevsky, V.K. Kokshin. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1992, 528 p.

Claims (1)

Insulating heat and moisture protection coating of elements of rocket and space technology, characterized in that it is made in the form of a multilayer package and consists of a layer of elastic rubber material made with holes and edge channels for preliminary fastening to the protected element when creating a vacuum in them, a layer of rubber material with holes for pumping out gas and stiffeners for final fastening to the element to be protected, pre-evacuated rubber layer with partitions, damping second heat-shielding layer with a filler and the external metallization.