RU2342251C2 - Method for production of revolution body items - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: initial mold of item is shaped by forcing heated raw material through feeder valves through cavities of single- or multi-cavity nozzle. At that initial mold of item is simultaneously filled with internal filler. Feeder and clipper valves are closed for item isolation. Final molding of item is carried out by means of its rotation on liquid surface or in liquid medium, or along molding channel provided that even thermal settling of item is arranged.

EFFECT: lowering production wastes, power inputs and price of items.

10 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for manufacturing balls, balls and other parts and bodies of revolution: solid, hollow, porous, with various fillers of the inner layers: gases, liquids, gels, porous with and without shells, made of various materials: plastic, rubber, silicone, metals, glass and other materials capable of forming in this way, of different volumes and thicknesses of shells. The invention can be used for the manufacture of balls used as fillers for upholstered furniture (application for invention No. 2005108947), ball bearings or blanks for them, balls of sliding, rolling, in friction gears of rotation, in slipping safety couplings, during shot drilling, in jewelry, beads, globes, sports and game balls, balls, cores, bullets, shot, etc.

Known similar analogues for the manufacture of spheres IPC B21D 51/08, patents RU 2134176, 97109424, 97104897, 2247002, WO 0162412, EP 0669176 are not structurally suitable for the manufacture of hollow plastic balls.

So, in practice, they make, for example, small hollow and solid plastic balls by blow molding or stamping (followed by gluing), and with any change in the size of the product, the manufacturers also have to change the tooling.

Known similar devices (patents No. RU 2186683, 2170670, 2164470, 2003122193) suggest the manufacture of hollow plastic containers by blow molding. This technology requires bulky, expensive equipment and shaping, working with high pressure hydraulics, air, explosive mixtures when blowing liquid hot plastic (traumatic) and considerable energy consumption. In the manufacture of products, a lot of waste is obtained, the tides that have to be cut manually, the connecting scar and the displacement of the surface of the product (between the halves of the molds), as well as defects due to late mold lubrication, are inevitable.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the safety of personnel, reducing waste, reducing energy costs, cheapening costs when resizing products, cheapening the production of balls.

The problem is solved in that in accordance with the invention there is no need for an expensive form (suitable only for one size) and a bulky mechanism to ensure cyclical opening. The absence of high pressure hydraulics, compressed air and explosive mixtures for blowing products reduces injuries in the workplace. The absence of connecting scars from the displacement of the halves of the molds, ebbs, then trimmed by hand, and other irregularities. The device is not difficult to operate and maintain. Energy and labor costs are minimized. Virtually no waste in the manufacture of products and an increase in the speed of production of balls, and as a result, cheaper production of products were achieved.

Disclosure of invention

A method of manufacturing products in the form of bodies of revolution, including the formation of the initial shape of the product and the final formation of the product, while the formation of the initial shape of the product is carried out by injecting heated raw materials through the metering valves, through the cavity of a single or multi-cavity nozzle, while filling the initial shape of the product with an internal filler ensuring the closure of the valves of the dispensers when reaching a given volume of the product and the cutter for cutting off the product, and the final formation of the product carried out by rotating it on the surface of the liquid, or in the medium of the liquid, or along the molding trough from the condition of ensuring uniform thermal shrinkage of the product.

The final formation of light, not sinking in the liquid products is carried out on the surface of the liquid.

The final formation of heavy, sinking in liquid products is carried out in a liquid environment.

The final formation of heavy, large volumes, stretchable products is carried out on the surface of the liquid or in the medium of the liquid, while ensuring their support by the float.

The final formation of the product is carried out by rotating it through a grease-coated molding trough.

Products are made from the following materials: plastic, rubber, glass, silicone, metals.

When using a single nozzle, by adjusting the dispensers, they produce products of various sizes and thicknesses of their shells. Use internal fillers: gases, liquids, gels, porous, solid and mixtures thereof.

Carry out the manufacture of multilayer products.

Carry out the manufacture of products having the following forms: ball, egg, barrel, cylinder, spindle.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1-4, which shows a method for the manufacture of plastic balls, where the main forming link is a two-cavity nozzle 5 with a diaphragm cutter 6 installed on it, which, tapering, tightens the incoming hole in the product with raw materials and cuts off a portion of the raw material and filler . The final formation is carried out due to thermal shrinkage of the product in its balanced position in a liquid medium (Fig.1-3) or by aligning the cooling soft body by rolling along the molding channel 16 guiding it (Fig.4) under its own weight.

The principle of operation of the diaphragm shutoff is the same as that of the diaphragm of the photo lens, is presented in the open (figure 5) and closed (figure 6) states.

Figure 1 shows a method of forming a ball on a liquid surface.

Figure 2 shows a method of forming a ball in a liquid medium.

Figure 3 shows a method of forming a ball (large volume and weight) using a float 12 (with the necessary volume configuration, eliminating the possibility of stretching the ball) with the possible installation of a hinged lid 13 with a hinge 14 on it and adjusting its buoyancy (the amount of air in the float) .

Figure 4 shows a method of forming a ball using a lubricated molding trough 16.

Figure 5-6 shows the diaphragm shutoff 6, respectively, in the open and closed positions.

Figures 7-10 show possible configurations of products: ball, egg cylinder, spindle, formed by a specific profile of the trough.

The principle of the method is shown on the example of the manufacture of plastic balls. The raw material passing through the receiving hopper 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature by a thermocouple 2, fed by a worm plasticizer 3 through a metering valve 4 into a two-cavity nozzle 5, orifice cutter 6. At the same time, when forming the product, its cavity is inflated by low-pressure air coming from air duct 7 through the valve dispenser 8. Upon reaching a certain volume of the product, the dispenser valves are closed, the diaphragm shut-off is closed, tightening and blocking (with plastic mass) the inlet opening into eat, and cuts off the workpiece of the ball.

After the cut-off, the product falls and is finally formed in one of four proposed methods:

1) (Fig. 1) (light hollow ball) The product enters a container of hot water 9 and is driven by a stream of air from the duct 10. Rotating along the surface of the water, the product contributes to its final formation in the ball and moves from the place of incidence to the collection hopper while making room for the next item to fall. The material of the product is cooled and crystallized, uniform thermal shrinkage of the product occurs, which ensures that the surface of the ball is even.

2) (Fig. 2) (a heavy porous ball) The product enters a container of hot water 9 and sinks to the level of ascending flows from the hydraulic nozzles 11, which create a water cycle, ensuring rotation of the product, and prevent it from lowering to the bottom until the product has cooled down . Rotating in a suspended position, the product contributes to its final formation into a ball and moves from the place of falling to the collection hopper, making room for the next product to fall. The material of the product is cooled and crystallized, uniform thermal shrinkage of the product occurs, which ensures that the surface of the ball is even.

3) (Fig. 3) The product (with a large volume and weight) rests on a float 12 having a volume configuration comparable to the increasing weight of the product, which does not allow the product to stretch, and under its increasing weight falls into the water with it, keeping the specified (float) configuration. Each time, when lowering into water, the float cover is wetted, which prevents sticking of the next product.

The float may have a hinged lid 13 with a hinge 14, driven by the focus on the pin 15.

The buoyancy of the float can be controlled by the amount of air filled.

Further, the product, rotating, moves (depending on the specific gravity of the formed product) along the surface of the water (p. 1) or in its environment (p. 2) to the collection hopper. The material of the product is cooled and crystallized, uniform thermal shrinkage of the product occurs, which ensures that the surface of the ball is even.

4) (FIG. 4) Into the forming chute 16 (a method more suitable for refractory materials such as metals and glass). The product aligns its shape about the (coated with grease) molding trough 16. The product rolls along it, is finally formed by its rotation (being in a soft, able to form state) under its own weight. On the way to the collection hopper, the product aligns its surface in accordance with the surface profile, temperature, length and slope of the molding trough 16. The material of the product is cooled and crystallized, uniform thermal shrinkage of the product occurs, which ensures an even surface (defined by the profile of the trough) ball or other body of rotation.

The manufacturing method has unlimited dosage adjustments for the volume of raw materials and fillers (air), which makes it possible to manufacture balls of various volumes and wall thicknesses in products even with the same nozzle.

The manufacturing method has the ability to use multi-cavity nozzles, respectively, with various fillers.

The manufacturing method has the ability to use (in the cooling tank) various liquids and gases having different densities and ambient temperatures required for each material.

Claims (10)

1. A method of manufacturing products in the form of bodies of revolution, including the formation of the initial shape of the product and the final formation of the product, characterized in that the formation of the initial shape of the product is carried out by injecting heated raw materials through the dispenser valves through the cavity of a single or multi-cavity nozzle while filling the initial shape of the product with an internal filler and ensuring the closing of the valves of the dispensers when reaching a predetermined volume of the product and a cutter for cutting off the product, and the final form The product is carried out by rotating it on the surface of the liquid, or in the medium of the liquid, or along the molding trough from the condition of ensuring uniform thermal shrinkage of the product. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the final formation of light, not sinking in the liquid products is carried out on the surface of the liquid. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the final formation of heavy, sinking in liquid products is carried out in a liquid environment. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the final formation of heavy, large volumes of stretchable products is carried out on the surface of the liquid or in the medium of the liquid, while providing their support with a float. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the final formation of the product is carried out by rotating it through a grease-coated molding trough. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the products are made of the following materials: plastic, rubber, glass, silicone, metals, 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using a single nozzle by adjusting the dispensers provide the manufacture of products of various sizes and thicknesses of their shells. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use internal fillers: gases, liquids, gels, porous, solid and mixtures thereof. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the manufacture of multilayer products. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the manufacture of products having the following forms is carried out: ball, egg, barrel, cylinder, spindle.

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