RU2235524C1 - Device for isolating teeth from saliva in performing dental interventions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has elongated flexible monolith plate having central part of rounded or rectangular shape and double-sided clamps of wedge-like shape of different sizes and thickened all along the perimeter. Lateral rectangular parts having rounded edges, roller on the external edge and recess for lip or no recess for lip are attached to them. Another embodiment has elongated flexible monolith plate having central part of rectangular shape with rounded edges connected to the lateral plate on one side, reduced by 1/3 without recess for lip, increased distance between wedge-like clamp apices and the lateral part and comprising three wedge-like clamps arranged in a row on the other side.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; easiness in use; individual single use device.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry.

Most dental procedures are performed in isolation from saliva for a fairly long time.

As experience shows, not many dentists pay due attention to the problem of isolation of the restored tooth from moisture. By doing this, they themselves prepare the ground for disappointment in their work, since the isolation of the tooth from moisture is an indispensable condition when working with all dental materials.

Existing methods of isolating a tooth from saliva either do not sufficiently reliably isolate a tooth or are difficult to operate and require special expensive tools and consumables when using them [1, 2].

The patient has to stay with his mouth open for some time. In this position, reflex closing of the mouth or accidental contact with the tongue of the tooth occurs, condensation of exhaled air on the surface of the tooth, which subsequently leads to undesirable consequences (loss of fillings, impaired fixation, chips of restoration).

Given the above, in medical practice, a number of materials and tools are used to isolate teeth from saliva [1, 2, 3].

One of the reliable means of tooth isolation is a rubber dam. It is a thin rubber elastic membrane that is worn on the teeth being treated. In order to impose a rubber dam on the dentition, a number of holes are made in it. The number of holes corresponds to the number of isolated teeth. To create holes using special forceps. After creating the holes, the cofferdams are pulled with fingers and pulled onto insulated teeth. In the area of the necks of the teeth, the rubber dam is fixed with special clasps or silk ligature. The extraoral part of the cofferdam is fixed using a plastic or metal frame [3].

But the use of this device has several disadvantages:

- the inability to use the device with cervical localization of caries;

- with significant destruction of the crown of the tooth;

- violation of nasal breathing;

- A complex procedure for applying cofferdam.

The purpose of the invention is the creation of a generally accessible disposable device that protects the surface of the tooth from moisture in the saliva when touching the tongue, lips, accidentally closing the mouth, for good and quick fixation on the dentition with a dense tooth arrangement and with wide interdental spaces, as well as for use in children's practice.

The goal is achieved by using an easy-to-use disposable device made in the form of a flexible plate. The device is fixed in the interdental spaces on two sides of the tooth on which the manipulations are performed, and protects it from saliva, touch of the tongue, lip or accidental closure of the mouth.

Figure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 presents the inventive device, consisting of plates of five types.

Figure 1 is a flexible protective monolithic plate, consisting of a central part in the form of a rounded disk 1, to which the side parts 3 of a rectangular shape with rounded edges having rounded edges connected to the outer the edge of the roller 4 and the groove for the lips 5.

Figure 2 differs from figure 1 in that one lateral part of a rectangular shape is reduced by one third 6, does not have a recess for the lips, and the distance between the vertices of the wedge-shaped clip of this side part is increased 7.

Figure 3 differs from the plate of figure 1 in that instead of the rounded part, a rectangular protective plate 8 with rounded corners is made. The dimensions of this plate are reduced.

FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 1 by a rectangular protective plate with rounded corners 8 on the side of a rectangular shape 6, reduced by one third, which has no lip recess, and the distance between the vertices of the wedge-shaped clip 7 of this side is increased.

Figure 5 differs from Figure 1 in that the central part has a plate in the form of an elongated rectangle 9 with rounded edges, a side plate reduced by 1/3 without a lip recess 6, an increased distance between the vertices of the wedge-shaped clamp 7, and the other side part consists of 3 standard wedge-shaped clamps 2 located hardly.

The protective plate (figure 1) is used on the central teeth of the upper or lower jaw as follows. The wedge-shaped clamps 2 are moved apart and fixed due to the rigidity of the material in the interdental spaces of the teeth located next to the tooth on which the dental intervention is performed. The rounded plate 1 is located on the palatine or lingual side of the restored tooth, reliably protects it from condensation of exhaled air, from touching with the tongue and from accidentally closing the mouth. The rectangular lateral plate 3 pushes and lifts the upper lip, holds it in this position, preventing the lip from touching the teeth due to the recess 5, creating a better view of the teeth for the dentist. If the plate is used on the lower jaw, then in this case the lower lip is moved away and reliable protection is created from the lip touching the teeth.

The protective plate (figure 2) is used to work on premolars, when the wedge-shaped clamps must be fixed between the molars on one side. To fix the plate between the molars, an enlarged wedge-shaped clamp is used. The rectangular lateral plate is reduced by 1/3, moves the cheek away, creating a good overview of the tooth on which the dental intervention is performed. A standard wedge-shaped clamp is used to fix on the central teeth.

The protective plate (figure 3) is used to work in pediatric practice and patients with small jaws. The principle of use is similar to plate 1.

The protective plate (figure 4) is used on the same jaws as (figure 3), but to work on premolars. Its application is the same as the plate (figure 2).

The protective plate (figure 5) is used on the chewing teeth of the upper or lower jaw. The enlarged wedge-shaped clamp 7 on one side should be fixed between the molars, and three standard wedge-shaped clamps 2 on the other side of the plate are fixed on the central group of teeth with one of the wedge-shaped clamps, which is suitable for the distance.

The proposed device, consisting of five plates, is used in therapeutic and orthopedic dentistry to protect the tooth from moisture during dental interventions.

The technical advantages of the new protective device are as follows:

- allows you to easily and quickly fix the device on all groups of teeth without the use of auxiliary devices;

- It is a reliable protection against exhaled air, accidental contact with the tongue and lips;

- protects the dried tooth from accidental closure of the mouth during prolonged dental procedures;

- pushes the upper or lower lip, not allowing to touch the restored surface of the tooth.

Sources of information:

1. Lars E.M., Sven A.T. Step-by-step description of direct fillin therappy, onlays inlays and veneers. Sweden, 1996.

2. Lehman K.M., Hellwig E. Einfuhrung in die restaurative Zahnheilkunde. Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1999.

3. Tsimbalistov A.V. Liquid V.D. Light curing composite materials. St. Petersburg, 2001.

Claims (2)

1. Device for isolating teeth from saliva during dental interventions, used individually, characterized in that it is made in the form of an retracted flexible monolithic plate, consisting of a central part of a rounded or rectangular shape with double-sided wedge-shaped clamps of different sizes, thickened around the perimeter, attached to them lateral rectangular parts made with rounded edges, a roller on the outer edges and with a lip recess or without a lip recess. 2. A device for isolating teeth from saliva during dental interventions, used individually, characterized in that it is made in the form of an elongated flexible monolithic plate, consisting of a central rectangular plate with rounded edges, connected to one side of the side plate, reduced by 1/3 without deepening for the lips, the increased distance between the vertices of the wedge-shaped clamp and the side part, and on the other hand, consisting of three wedge-shaped clamps arranged in a row.

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