RU2230232C2 - Power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power generating units converting force of air flow into electric power by means of fan kinematically linked with generator. SUBSTANCE: proposed power plant includes reactive drive made in form of hollow blades or reactive branch pipes functionally connected with air duct and water pipe line; movable part of reactive drive is kinematically linked with movable part of generator. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 9 cl, 33 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to devices producing electrical energy by converting the force of the air flow using a fan kinematically connected to an electric energy generator, as well as due to the force of the fluid flow and jet propulsion.

A known power plant containing a hollow discharge element made in the form of a fan, an air duct connected to it. (See patent RU No. 2128787 of April 10, 1999)

A disadvantage of the known device is the unrealization of its energy capabilities.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the design of the known invention in order to expand its energy capabilities.

This goal is achieved through the kinematic connection of the fan with the generator.

The device is illustrated by the following drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device.

Figure 2 is an example of a power center.

Figure 3 is an example of a hub.

Figure 4 - part of the hub.

Figure 5 is an example of a power center.

6 is an example of the implementation of the energy center.

Fig.7 - tee.

Fig - an example of the installation of the blades.

Fig.9 is an example of a hub.

Figure 10 - gear device.

11 is an energy unit.

Fig - enogode.

Fig - an example of the installation of the heater (a-c).

Fig - device blades.

The power plant consists of hollow blades 1 mounted on the movable part 2 of the hub 3, which is connected via a coupling 4 to the shaft 5 of the generator 6, mounted on the frame 7.

The blades 1 have an internal cavity 8, connecting the cavity 9 of the hub 3 with the passage holes 10, made, for example, in the form of a nozzle.

On the hub 3 can also be fixed reactive nozzles, which can practically perform the functions of hollow blades, which will be discussed below.

The fixed part 12 of the hub 3 is connected to the air duct 13, for example, to the pipeline, which has a vertical component 14 connected to the air sampling device 15, made as a natural extension of the air duct 14, and differs from it only in that it may contain, for example, an air filter.

Jet nozzles 16, mounted on the hub 3, on its movable part 2 have a bend at the end 17 or are made in the form of Segner wheels.

The hub 3 may have the following design - a sleeve 18, having at the end a rim in the form of a washer, i.e. an external annular protrusion connected to the movable part 2, and in engagement with it is made a sleeve 19 with an internal protrusion, adequate to the protrusion of the sleeve 18 in size, and connected to the fixed part 12. The sleeve 19 and the fixed part 12 form a pocket in which a loose fit is installed the protrusion of the sleeve 18 with the possibility of free rotation together with the movable part of the hub 3. Instead of the protrusions of the bushings 18 or 19, bearings can be pressed in or mounted. The movable part 2 of the hub 3 has a protrusion 22, which is connected by a sleeve 4 to the shaft 5 of the generator 6.

The sleeve 18 has a protrusion 20, and the sleeve 19 has a protrusion 23 (figure 4).

A gasket 21 can be installed between the movable part 2 and the sleeve 19. Given that the sleeve 19 is rigidly mounted above the fixed part 12, they can be called the fixed part of the hub 3 together, and the gasket 21 is installed between the movable and fixed part of the hub 3.

The movable part 2 may not have a direct connection to the shaft 5 of the electric generator 6, but through a gearbox, for example, through a single-stage gearbox made in the form of a bevel gear.

In this case, the wheel 25 is mounted on the movable part 2 of the hub 3, and the gear 26 on the shaft 27, the coupling 4 connected to the shaft 5.

The stationary part 12 may have a tap 29, which in turn is the movable part of the hub 30, the movable part of which is connected to the duct 13, more precisely with its vertical component, duct 14.

Thus, the fixed part 13 of the hub 3 with respect to its movable part 2 becomes movable with respect to the fixed part 31 of the hub 30, i.e. it is mounted on the latter with the possibility of rotation around the axis of the hub 30 together with its movable part 29. At the end of the fixed part 12 of the hub 3, a shank 32 can be installed.

The device acquires the function of a weather vane. A necessary condition for the rotation of the hub 3 relative to the axis of the fixed part 31 of the hub 30 is the alignment of the shaft 27 and the hub 30, i.e. the axis of rotation of the gear 26 coincides with the axis of rotation of the movable part 29 of the hub 30.

The cavity of the duct 13 through the connected cavity of the hubs 30 and 3 is connected to the cavity 8 of the blades 1, through them and the passage openings 10 are connected to the environment.

Figure 9 shows an example of a hub 3, the design of which is well suited for examples of the device of figures 5 and 6. The blades 1 are mounted on a movable part 33 made in the form of a cylinder mounted with the possibility of rotation around its axis of an axially fixed cylinder, t. e. fixed part 34 with holes 35 made therein, which has a gap with respect to the inner surface of the fixed part 38. At the junction of the blades 1 with the movable part 33, holes 36 are made in the latter. A plug 37 is made in the lower part of the fixed part 34, which also has a cylindrical form. A restriction washer 38 is connected to the plug 37 by means of a threaded connection.

On the opposite side, another restrictive washer 39 is mounted on the stationary part 34 and the duct 13. Between the washer 39 and the movable part 33 and the movable part 33 and the restrictive washer 38, gaskets 21 may be installed or bearings instead of them. A wheel 25 is also fixed on the movable part 33. In this example, the designations are given regardless of the general designations of the positions in order to emphasize the particular solution of the hub device, which can be varied.

The wheel 25 can be fixed with a key 41 to the movable part 2 of the hub 3. On the movable part 2 can be installed additional blades 40, which can be solid.

The electric generator 6 can be directly mounted on the fan unit of the power plant.

For example, the rotor 42 of the generator 6 is connected by its shaft 22 to the fixed part 12 of the hub 3, and the stator 43 of the generator 6 is connected by posts, fixed on the blades 1, and its output is connected by wires 46 to an electrical consumer, for example, bulbs 45, which is mounted directly on the blades 1. This consumer may also be an electric heater 47, made in the form of a conductive foil 48, placed between the insulating plates 49, which, for example, are mounted or glued to the blades 1. In the particular case, these heaters can be made from a part of the surface of the blades themselves, if it is conductive.

The blades 1 in their design have a leading edge 50, at the base of the butt 51, a trailing edge 52 and an end edge 53.

Additional materials: Fig - fan part of the device.

Continuous blades 54 can also be fixed on the movable part 2, and in this case, jet tubes 16 or hollow blades 1 can also be mounted. In this case, the consumer, bulbs or electric heater can be mounted on the solid blades 54 together with the generator stator 6.

Power installation works as follows.

Given the difference in the pressure of the fan’s environment and the environment of the intake device, due to the difference in height, installation level of the hollow blades 1 or jet nozzles, which are installed much higher than the intake device, the air through the intake device 15 passes through the air duct 13, its vertical component 14, which can be made with a certain slope, through the hub 3, enters the cavity 8 of the blades 1 or into the cavity of the jet pipe 16 and through their holes, for example through the holes 10, develops reactive power coming out of them. Rotating, the blades 1 or jet nozzles 16, kinematically connected with the generator 6, begin to rotate its shaft 6, and the latter begins to generate electricity, which is partially accumulated in the battery 11, and partially transmitted to the consumer of electric energy.

The rotational movement of the movable part of the hub 2 can be transmitted to the shaft 5 and by means of a gear transmission, for example a bevel gear.

As indicated earlier, the alignment of the shaft 5 with the hub 30 allows the fan device to perform the functions of a weather vane, i.e. respond to the direction of the wind, thereby performing two functions: i.e. respond not only to draft in the air duct 13, due to the difference in their heights, of the fan and the intake device, installation, but also by the force of the wind, and acting on the blades, which increases the fan rotation speed and naturally increases the efficiency of the device as a whole during electricity production.

Figure 10-13, 15 discusses the installation of at least one main part of the generator 6, the rotor or stator directly on the blades of the device or jet nozzles.

The most cost-effective option is when the rotor 42 is connected via a coupling 4 to the protrusion 23 of the fixed part of the device fan through the shaft 6, and the stator 43 of the generator 6 is mounted directly on the butt of the blades 1 using the racks 44, thus the rotor 42 of the generator 6 at the time of operation of the device remains stationary, and the stator 43 rotates together with the blades 1 or reactive nozzles 16, on which it can be fixed using the same racks 44.

When the stator or rotor of the magneto-inductive generator 6 rotates, electricity is generated in the stator windings, which is transmitted through electric wires to an energy consumer, for example, bulbs 45 or heaters, in the last example, the energy consumer, together with the wires, rotates with the blades 1. The last example shows how, using the energy of natural traction and force wind, warm air or illuminate the surrounding area.

Similarly to the installation of the generator 6 on the hollow blades, it can be installed on the solid blades 54.

Hollow blades 1, jet nozzles 16, solid blades 54 together with the hub 3 can be called a fan unit of a power plant. In this case, the fan unit of the power plant can also be called reactive according to the principle of its action.

Additional materials:

Fig - an example of a collector transmission.

Fig - an example of a collector transmission, electrical circuit.

Electricity is transmitted to a consumer of this energy mounted on the blades, for example light bulb 45, by means of a collector transmission consisting of conductive rings 55 and 56 mounted directly on the movable part 2 of the hub 3, if its body is made of insulating material or through insulating rings .

The rings 55 and 56 are contacted to the brushes 58 and 57, which are connected by electric wires 60 to the output of the generator 6.

On the other hand, on the contact surface of the rings with brushes, these rings 55 and 56 are connected by wires 59 to an energy consumer, for example, a bulb 45.

Thus, the movable part 2 of the hub 3 rotates together with bulbs 45, wires 59, rings 55 and 56, while the latter do not lose contact with the brushes 58 and 57, without losing contact with the source of electrical energy, in this case with the generator 6, which kinematically connected to the rotating part 2, the hub 3 and which transfers its energy to the electrical consumer.

Additional materials:

Fig - node power plants with double blades.

Fig - generator on a site with double blades.

Fig - an example implementation of the generator.

Fig.22 - chipper.

Fig.23 - chipper.

Fig - node power plants with chippers (a and b).

Fig - power plant.

Fig - injection unit.

Fig - an example of the installation.

Fig. 28 is an example installation.

Fig - an example of the execution of the blades.

The power plant may contain additional blades 61 mounted parallel to the main blades 1 on the additional hub 64 connected to the main hub 3 by an intermediate nozzle 63, similarly to these blades 61 additional reactive nozzles can be installed. Jet tubes or additional blades 61 are installed on the movable part 62 of the hub 64, and its fixed part is fixed to the duct 14, which can also perform the functions of a water supply.

Thus, the main jet drive in the form of blades 1 or installed in their place the reactive nozzles 16 and the auxiliary drive in the form of additional hollow blades 61 having a similar design with the main blades 1, or reactive nozzles made instead of the blades 61 and having a similar design with nozzles 16 are mounted on a power plant with the possibility of independent rotation from each other. But the drive element of the primary jet drive has the opposite geometry with respect to the geometry of the drive element of the auxiliary jet drive, i.e. the bend of the main reactive nozzles has an opposite orientation with respect to the bend of the auxiliary reactive nozzles, and the holes of the hollow blades of the main reactive drive are made on the opposite side with respect to the holes made of the hollow blades of the auxiliary reactive drive, the nozzles and nozzles are directed similarly hollow auxiliary and main blades. Thus, in the working position, the main blades rotate in the opposite direction with respect to the rotation of the auxiliary blades.

The stator 43 can be fixed on the main blades, and the rotor 42 on the auxiliary blades, a similar fastening of the generator parts can be performed with the use of jet nozzles. Because the main and auxiliary drive device rotates in different directions, then the rotation speed of the stator and rotor relative to each other doubles in relation to the previous examples, because in them the rotor was stationary, which increases the efficiency of the power plant as a whole.

The stator 43, as in the previous examples, is connected to a load or an energy consumer located directly on the hollow blades or solid blades.

A reversed arrangement of the stator and rotor is possible, in which the stator 43 is located inside the rotor 42.

This arrangement can be in the absence of auxiliary blades 61, for example, the stator 43 is axially mounted on the movable part 2 of the hub 3, and the stator 42 on the racks 66 is mounted on the duct 14.

In order to enhance traction, the axial trajectory of the motion of the drive element has a circular rim 67, on which protrusions 68 are made, for example, made in the form of plates or teeth (Figs. 22 and 23).

The protrusions are set in such a way that the angle of their inclination, more precisely their flat component and the direction of the jet of medium emerging from the drive element, for example from the nozzle of the drive pipe 16, was approximately ninety degrees. In this case, the force of repulsion of the jet from the planes of the protrusions 68 will be greatest.

The rim 67 may be located on top of the trajectory of the drive element, rear or front of it (Fig.23 and 24).

In the last two cases, the drive element, for example the bending of the reaction tubes 16, with the nozzle at the end will have a certain inclination towards the rim 67.

Air through the duct 14 can be supplied not only due to natural draft, but using a compressor 71 or a fan connected to it.

A liquid driving force can also be a liquid, for example water, which is pumped through the air duct to the blades 1 or blades 61. In this case, the pump 72 is connected with its output to the air duct 14, and its input is connected to the water supply 73 through which water is suitable to the pump 72, in this example, the duct can serve as a water supply. And the duct 14, and the compressor 71, and the pump 72, and the fan can generally be called a discharge device.

Fig. 27 shows an example of the use of a power plant for heating or cooling water in a tank 74. An energy plant installed on the upper side of the tank is connected to its lower part by a pipe 75 with a pump 72 installed on it, through which liquid from the tank 74 circulates. The tank has a supply pipe 76 and outlet pipe 77. For the same purpose, water falling from a considerable height can be used, passing through the pipeline 78 to the power plant.

The blades 1 can be made with a built-in micro-refrigerator 81, i.e. the blades are made in the form of a micro-refrigerator, for example, an electric emission refrigerator connected to a generator 6.

In this case, corrugations 82 can be made on the surface of the blades and inside the cavity 8, which can be performed in other examples using heat exchangers as energy consumers. A gas-liquid mixture may be supplied to the duct 14.

Additional materials:

Fig.30 - injection unit.

Fig - an example of the use of power plants (a and b) for space heating.

As noted above, a water-air mixture may also be supplied to the duct 14. For example, the output of the compressor 71 and the output of the pump 72 can be connected by pipes 83 and 84 between themselves and the air duct 14, i.e. the outputs of the pump 72 and compressor 71 are connected to the duct 14 through a mixer, and valves 85 and 86 can be installed on the nozzles 83 and 84.

An energy installation can perform the functions of a fan, heating, lighting and cooling a room.

For example, several power plants can be combined by a collector 87, which is connected to the duct 14 and which can be connected to a compressor 71, the input of which by a pipe 88 is connected to the lower part of the room 89, while the collector with power plants is located in the upper part of the building or room 89 .

But the collector 87 can also be directly connected to a source of air under pressure, for example, with the compressor shop of the enterprise. If the drive device is made in the form of a lamp, for example, blades 1 with bulbs 45 mounted on them, then when installing them in an explosive room, a grill 90 is installed on the bulbs 45.

On Fig shows a block diagram in which the output of the generator 6 is connected to a voltage regulator or voltage limiter 79, the output of which is connected to the load 80, and between which the battery 27 is connected. The rim 67 can be installed at the auxiliary blades 61 or auxiliary nozzles.

In the above examples, the stator is part of a generator in the windings of which an EMF is induced, i.e. the electromotive force, and to which the load is connected, or you can call it another way, is an energy consumer, and the rotor is a part of the generator in which permanent magnets or an excitation winding can be made, which induces this EMF into the stator winding.

Therefore, in the future, i.e. in the formula, such expressions will be used as the part of the generator in which the EMF is induced, and the part of the generator that induces the EMF.

And hollow blades, jet tubes, solid blades, the moving part of the hub as a whole will be called the moving part of the power plant or the moving drive part.

Additional materials:

Fig - an example of the installation of the lattice.

Fig - an example of installing an additional drive.

In order to establish the most stable mode, a shaft 91 of an additional drive, for example, an electric motor 92 mounted on a frame 7, can be connected to the coupling 4 mounted on the protrusion 23.

At the same time, the coupling 4 itself can be made magnetic, for example, a round plate 93 is mounted on the shaft 91, on which magnets 94 are mounted at the end, and at a small distance from which the counter round plate 95 of magnetic material is fixed on the protrusion 22. This allows you to maintain communication between the shaft 91 or the shaft of the generator 6 and the protrusion 22 through a magnetic field, while the motor drive 92 helps the blades 1 or nozzles 16. In this example, the rotor is located directly on the pipe 13, and the stator 43 is connected to the blades 1. Output generator 6 directly or through a control device can be connected with the windings of the electric motor 92, which allows you to maintain a given speed of rotation of the blades 1 or nozzles 16 in case of interference due to more active work of the electric vigatelya 92.

As a control device, a frequency converter can be used, in this case, the signal to it from the generator 6 will be control.

Claims (9)

1. An energy installation containing a jet drive made in the form of hollow blades or jet tubes functionally connected with the possibility of rotation with an air duct or a water pipe, characterized in that the movable part of the jet drive is kinematically connected with the movable part of the electric energy generator. 2. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric power generator is electrically connected to the power consumer. 3. The power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the power consumer is installed directly on the movable part of the jet drive. 4. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two independent jet drives, one of which is connected to the rotor and the other to the stator of the electric energy generator, while the stator as an integral part of the power plant is rotatable around its axis. 5. Power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the drive elements of one reactive drive have an opposite orientation with respect to the directivity of the drive elements of another reactive drive. 6. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in a vane version, namely: its component is a shank that responds to the direction of the wind, kinematically connected to the jet drive with the possibility of joint rotation. 7. Power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial trajectory of the drive element of the jet drive mounted circular rim. 8. The power plant according to claim 7, characterized in that the projections are made on the rim. 9. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that discharge devices are installed on the duct or pipe, namely, a compressor or a pump.

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