RU2208178C2 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device providing addition of noncombustible substances into fuel for internal combustion engines. Proposed internal combustion engine contains tank with water, exhaust pipe with evaporator, steam collector, steam atomizer, carburetor with Venturi and throttle valve communicating with cylinder. Spark plug is installed in upper part of cylinder. Steam atomizer is installed between Venturi and throttle valve, and antechamber with external cooling jacket is secured on spark plug in lower part. Ring space made in cooling jacket interacts with tank and float chamber connected with evaporator installed on exhaust pipe from top and bottom. EFFECT: increased improved reliability and economy. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine building.

 Internal combustion engines with an air intake pipe and a steam generator are known, the steam collector of which is connected by means of a steam pipe to the air pipe, and the heated surface is connected to the engine exhaust pipe, where the pipe is made with a branch connected to the atmosphere and equipped with a regulator for supplying exhaust gases to the steam generator and to the hole moreover, the regulator is made in the form of a housing with a rotary damper located in it having a radial and perpendicular to it arc parts, and arcs I portion is less than the radial width, and a steam conduit configured to spray steam and with intermediate capacity. (Description to A.S. 953246, IPC Р 02 М 25/02 dated 03/28/79, ed. Egay A.G., Egay M.N., Egay V.A., Egay I.A. combustion (analog)).

 Disadvantages: the device is bulky and does not fully use the heat from the exhaust gases, because part of the gas goes past the steam generator.

 The closest technical solution known is the internal combustion engine, a.c. 901601, IPC F 02 M 25/02 from 04/10/80, ed. Yakshiyants R.R., Rashidov N.R., Azimov A.A., Ismailov G.M. It contains a water supply line to the cylinder with an evaporator placed in it, made in the form of a coil, and an exhaust pipe, where the water supply line is additionally equipped with an electromagnetic water softener, and the evaporator is placed in a pipe connected to the exhaust pipe.

 Disadvantages: however, the use of this device does not solve the tasks, reliability and efficiency will not increase due to uneven operation of the engine, that is, the engine with uneven miscibility "gasoline-air-steam" works intermittently.

 Technical level: increased reliability and efficiency due to more complete combustion of fuel.

 The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known internal combustion engine containing a water tank, a carburetor with a diffuser and a throttle valve communicating with the cylinder, in the upper part of which there is a spark plug, an exhaust pipe with an evaporator, a steam collector, a vapor atomizer, between the diffuser and a steam atomizer is installed by the throttle valve, and a prechamber with an external cooling jacket is fixed on the candle in the lower part, inside of which there is an annular cavity interconnected with the tank and the float chamber, connected at the top and bottom with an evaporator mounted on the exhaust pipe.

 The installation of an atomizer between the diffuser and the throttle plate gives us that the fuel together with the air enters the vapor injection zone in an evenly mixed air-fuel ratio and, when heated by steam, the mixture is better mixed and, as a result, combustion improves, the quantity decreases harmful impurities released into the atmosphere. Otherwise, when steam is injected in front of the diffuser, i.e. "steam-air-fuel", the proportion of the mixture is violated, as a result there is not enough air to completely burn the fuel. T. about. when steam is injected into the already prepared air-fuel mixture, the steam due to heat gives uniform mixing and no imbalance occurs. The fuel burns out almost completely and this increases the reliability and efficiency of the engine and gives economically cleaner air when the exhaust after combustion of the mixture. The installation on the candle in the lower part of the prechamber with an external cooling jacket, inside which an annular cavity for water is made and which is heated in the prechamber, and connected to the water tank and the float chamber, gives us additional heating of the water when it enters the evaporator, and at the same time it cools the prechamber, otherwise it quickly deteriorates. The location of the evaporator outside the exhaust pipe and its relationship with the float chamber gives us a pressure equalization by varying the liquid level in the float chamber and the evaporator, they work as communicating vessels. All this gives the reliability and efficiency of the engine.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the engine.

 The internal combustion engine contains a tank 1 with water 2, a carburetor 3 with a diffuser 4 and a throttle valve 5, communicating with a cylinder 6, in the upper part of which there is a candle 7, an exhaust pipe 8 with an evaporator 9, a steam collector 10, and between the diffuser 4 and the throttle valve 5, a steam atomizer 11 is installed, and on the candle 7 in its lower part there is a fixed chamber 12 with an external cooling jacket 13, inside of which an annular cavity 14 is made, connected to the tank 1 and the float chamber 15, connected via pipelines 16 and 17, as well as Dinen bottom and top with the evaporator 9 mounted on the exhaust pipe 8. Pipelines 1 and 17 connect the tank 1 to the float chamber 15. Heated water is supplied to the pipe 17, the air damper 18, the steam line 19 connects the steam collector 10 to the evaporator 9, the liquid dispenser 20 is installed in the float chamber 15, the pre-chamber 12 is interconnected with the cylinder 6 and the piston 21. The electromagnetic valve 22 cuts off the steam supply to the carburetor 3 after stopping the engine so that there is no condensation and moisture does not enter the cylinder 6. Gasoline is supplied through the gas pipeline 23.

 The operation of the device.

 Turn on the ignition. Water 2 from the tank 1 through the pipe 16 enters the pre-chamber 12, installed in the upper part of the cylinder 6 under the candles 7. Heated in the annular cavity 14 of the pre-chamber 12, the water simultaneously cools the pre-chamber, which is important, because the prechamber without cooling quickly fails. Then, the heated water enters the float chamber 15, where the already heated water enters the evaporator 9. The resulting steam passes through the steam line 19 to the steam collector 10. Since the evaporator 9 is mounted on the exhaust pipe and interconnected with the float chamber, then the water not only turns into steam here, but also due to the float chamber, the pressure is constantly balanced and the water level is always the same, because the evaporator and the float chamber operate as interconnected vessels. The steam enters the steam collector 10, where small particles of water are deposited, going down to the evaporator 9, and the steam goes to the carburetor 3 and steam is injected through the atomizer 11, which is installed between the diffuser and the throttle. This atomizer arrangement provides good miscibility of the gasoline-air-steam mixture. because "air-steam" is already proportionally mixed, and steam at high temperature promotes the evaporation of fuel, then the mixture enters the cylinder 6. Ignition and uniform combustion of the mixture occurs when gasoline is fed through the gas pipe 23, then the spent combustible gases enter the exhaust pipe. When the engine is stopped, the electromagnetic valve 22 is closed so that water droplets do not fall into the engine and there is no additional corrosion.

 Technical and economic indicators.

 This design during operation showed good results - gasoline savings due to steam supply are increased by 20%, gas emissions into the atmosphere are reduced by 2 times, resulting in improved ecology.

 An important point is that it is possible to convert existing engines according to this scheme, for example, a Zhiguli, Moskvich car.

Claims (1)

 An internal combustion engine comprising a water tank, a carburetor with a diffuser and a throttle valve in communication with a cylinder, in the upper part of which there is a spark plug, an exhaust pipe with an evaporator, a steam collector, a vapor spray gun, characterized in that the steam spray gun is installed between the diffuser and the throttle damper, and on the candle in the lower part there is a fixed chamber with an external cooling jacket, inside of which there is an annular cavity interacting with the tank and the float chamber connected to the top and bottom of the evaporator Mounted on the exhaust pipe.