RU2207449C2 - Device for acting onto flow of fluid medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: handling of fluid medium flows. SUBSTANCE: proposed device contains pump for continuous delivery of fluid medium for treatment, channel to pump through flow of treated fluid medium, fluid medium flow turbulence stimulator in said channel, and tubulized flow degassing device. Degassing device is arranged directly after flow turbulence stimulator and is provided with shutoff and control element for controlled removal of liberated gas. Invention prevents formation of gas locks and supercavitation shocks owing to provision of control of concentration of gas admixtures in turbulated fluid media. EFFECT: elimination of gas locks. 17 cl, 16 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the design of devices for influencing the flow of a fluid, and more particularly to the design of generators of turbulent flow and, in particular, generators of controlled hydrodynamic cavitation in fluid flows that are forced to pass through flow or recirculation circuits.

These devices can serve as the basis for:
a) cavitation heat generators with recirculation circuits for equipping such closed autonomous heat supply systems (in particular, water or steam heating), which are preferably equipped with heat accumulators, and such partially closed hot water supply systems of residential, public and industrial buildings that operate from power supply networks during the night "tariff or from sources of free energy such as wind turbines or small turbines;
b) such working in an intensive turbulent or cavitation mode of heater-mixers with flowing circuits, which are designed:
for the preparation of stable dispersions from materials insoluble in the desired dispersion media, for example:
- oil-water emulsions, preferably immediately before injection into the furnaces of steam boilers or industrial furnaces,
- water emulsions of release agents for coating baking molds, foundry molds and molds for the manufacture of concrete, reinforced concrete and other products from sticky materials in the initial state and
- aqueous suspensions of heat-treated to suppress the microflora of food products, such as soybean "milk" and soy-based sauces;
for homogenization and, as a rule, simultaneous pasteurization or sterilization:
- such foods as milk, cream, vegetable and fruit juices, soft or low alcohol soft drinks, beer, etc.,
- dosage forms such as injectable drug solutions, liniment, ointment in the form of emulsions or drug suspensions in suitable pharmaceutical carriers, and
- perfumes such as lotions, nourishing creams, etc .;
c) such activator heaters-activators with flow or recirculation circuits, which are designed for thermomechanochemical treatment of reaction mixtures, including at least one solid inert material such as crumb rubber, before loading these mixtures into (mechanical) chemical apparatuses ( for example, extruders and vulcanizing presses for molding molded and piece rubber products from mixtures containing secondary rubber, respectively);
g) mainly flow-through cavitation reactor-heaters for thermomechanochemical processing of viscous organic materials, for example for thermomechanical destruction of oil refinery wastes, and
e) predominantly flowing cavitation apparatus for suspending hard brittle materials in fluids.

Hereinafter indicated:
a) the term "fluid":
firstly, mainly Newtonian liquids such as water, aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of arbitrary inorganic and organic substances, aqueous emulsions such as milk, low-concentrated aqueous and non-aqueous suspensions, beer, etc., which initially contain or into which artificially mixed soluble impurities gases (if we are talking about materials that make up the main flow of a fluid in which turbulence or cavitation is excited),
secondly, such arbitrary materials that are introduced into the main fluid stream in the form of perturbing jets or impurities, provided that their flow rate is significantly less than the flow rate in the main stream, and which can serve as:
- or these predominantly Newtonian fluids, which are introduced into the main stream usually in the form of perturbing jets and which, under turbulence or cavitation, are fully combined with the main fluid stream, although they may differ in chemical composition from the main material of the main stream,
- either viscous non-Newtonian liquids such as fuel oil, liquid oligomers or polymers, arbitrary in composition of the suspension and emulsion, which are usually forced into the main fluid stream for processing in turbulent or cavitational flow in the form of impurities and which then remain in the target products,
- either gases such as air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., which almost always serve as process impurities and which are metered into the main stream and removed from it after completion of the desired processing of fluids in a turbulent flow or cavitation;
b) the term "flow path" (a device for influencing the fluid flow) is a set of series-connected means that operates in the mode of at least periodic irrevocable selection of the processed fluid for consumption and, accordingly, at least periodically replenishing with fresh fluid and which, at a minimum, includes such a set of functionally separate nodes:
at the input - an arbitrary continuous pump connected to a source of fluid to be processed in a turbulent or cavitation mode,
after the pump, at least one means of turbulizing the flow of such a medium and
at the outlet, means for supplying the treated fluid to at least one consumer (usually in the form of a pipe segment with a flange or other connecting element) - and
may have feedback means for providing short-term recirculation of the fluid relative to the means for turbulizing its flow;
c) the term "recirculation loop" (device for influencing the flow of fluid) is a set of functionally separate nodes, which:
contains at least three of the above funds and must be supplemented:
- firstly, at least one means of feedback to ensure constant recirculation of the fluid relative to the means of turbulization of its flow and,
- secondly, by means for initially filling and at least periodically feeding the circuit with fluid to compensate for its losses;
d) the term "channel (for pumping the flow of the processed fluid)" is usually a prefabricated pipeline, which consists of several rigidly interconnected parts of optionally round and optionally identical cross-sectional lengths, to the inlet of which from the pump outlet pipe the pressure required for turbulization a fluid enters, inside which the processing of such a medium occurs in a turbulent or cavitational flow mode and, possibly, its preliminary calming and to the outlet of which it is connected via enshey least one consumer treated fluid;
e) the term "turbulization means" - at least one such suitable means that is capable of interrupting the laminar flow of a fluid and which is selected from among the following possible mechanical and / or hydraulic means placed inside and / or outside the channel mainly near the outlet of the discharge pump nozzle;
e) the term "degassing means" - an arbitrary means capable of a suitable way, for example by mechanical removal of arbitrary volatile gases released from a liquid, to reduce their concentration in a turbulized fluid;
g) the term "feedback" - a bypass pipe that connects a selected section of the channel with the entrance to the selected functional element of the device (for example, a pump, turbulization means, etc.) and which, if desired, can be equipped with a suitable locking and regulating element;
h) the term "locking-regulating element" is a suitable tap or valve with manual or automatic control.

Specialists in the field of hydraulics and hydraulic engineering know:
that turbulent, i.e. turbulent, characterized by disordered particle trajectories, the flow of a fluid in a closed channel is always accompanied by the more intensive conversion of a part of the kinetic energy of the flow of such a medium into heat and its more intensive mixing (and homogenization), the more the actual Reynolds number in the flow exceeds the critical value of this number for a particular fluid;
that the turbulent flow of fluid in a closed channel can serve as a necessary prerequisite for cavitation;
that cavitation occurs when the continuity of the droplet liquid is violated due to local pressure drops below a critical value that is almost equal to the saturated vapor pressure of this liquid at a specific temperature;
which, as explained in detail below, the transition of a fluid from a turbulent flow regime to a cavitation regime is substantially facilitated if impurities of dissolved gases, in particular air, are present in this medium, and
that turbulence and cavitation, if they occur spontaneously, are usually undesirable in engineering.

 Indeed, turbulence and, especially, cavitation associated with the operation of ship propulsors, impellers of hydraulic turbines and working bodies of pumps or hydraulic motors, reduce their efficiency, generate strong hydrodynamic noise, cause erosion and often lead to premature and, especially dangerous, to the unexpected destruction of these parts of hydraulic machines.

 It is in this aspect that spontaneous turbulence and spontaneous unregulated cavitation and its consequences are described in most encyclopedic reference books (see, for example, the articles "cavitation", "cavitation erosion", "cavitation noise" and "turbulence" in the McGrow-Hill dictionary, Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, Second Edition).

 Therefore, the processes of heat generation by converting the kinetic energy of a liquid into thermal energy and chemical processes in fluid flows are often carried out in such a way as to weaken, and sometimes completely eliminate not only cavitation, but also turbulence.

 For example, from SU 1627790 A1 a purely frictional heat generator is known in which the heating of a liquid medium occurs due to its friction against working bodies driven by a wind turbine.

 This heat generator works in close to laminar mode, which eliminates cavitation, and therefore is very reliable in operation. However, for obvious reasons for specialists, it has a low specific power and low heat output.

 The significantly more powerful and efficient dual-circuit heat generator according to SU 1703924 A1 has an internal liquid coolant recirculation circuit with a centrifugal pump as a means of accelerating and turbulizing the flow of this coolant and a water-cooled shell-and-tube heat exchanger as a means of heat removal to an external, consumer circuit. The fluid in such a heat generator is heated due to turbulization so intense that it can generate cavitation. Therefore, an ejector is installed on the central inlet pipe of the internal circuit, which provides power to the pump with a liquid with increased pressure preventing cavitation.

 Thus, targeted turbulization significantly improves the thermophysical characteristics of the heat generator, but at the same time generates such a need to reduce hydrodynamic noise, reduce vibrations and increase the reliability, which is relevant for all devices that turbulent the fluid flow.

 Specialists understand that a deliberate transition to the cavitation mode, which is able to further increase the efficiency of heat generation or physico-chemical treatment of any substances in fluid flows, will significantly enhance this need. Therefore, turbulence and, especially, cavitation, excited in fluids, must be effectively controlled.

 The required regulation is easily ensured in relatively small (up to 10 l, and more often less than 5 l) volume batch devices, used, for example, to clean arbitrary machine parts from grease contamination before applying paint or varnish or metal coatings and to obtain stable suspensions or emulsions by dispersion solid or liquid materials in non-solvent liquids, etc.

 These long-known processes are usually carried out using ultrasonic means of local targeted excitation of acoustic cavitation (see Polytechnical Dictionary. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1976, article "Ultrasonic Processing", p.520).

Indeed, ultrasound:
firstly, it is convenient as a “turbulent” factor because of the possibility of precise and smooth regulation of the frequency and amplitude of oscillations and the density of its power in a liquid medium and,
secondly, it is practically indispensable if cavitation needs to be excited in a small volume of a viscous non-Newtonian fluid or in an arbitrary fluid in a non-flowing vessel.

 However, in many applications of devices for influencing the flow of a fluid, its total mass or flow rate can be very large. For example, closed autonomous heat supply systems with recirculation circuits can hold from several tons to several hundred tons of water, and fuel oil consumption, which before being fed to the nozzles of the furnaces of powerful steam boilers of thermal power plants, is subject to controlled watering and emulsification in flow circuits to facilitate combustion and reduce toxicity of combustion products can range from tens to hundreds of tons per hour.

The operation of any devices with flow turbulization, and especially devices in which the indicated masses of fluids are subjected to cavitation treatment, is inevitably accompanied by vibrations and hydrodynamic noise. These vibrations can be divided into:
a) regular, characteristic of the steady state turbulent or cavitation flow in an arbitrary device for influencing the flow of fluid and
b) irregular, including:
associated with starting and stopping an arbitrary device for influencing the flow of fluid and
aperiodically arising as a “shock” violation of the steady state turbulent or cavitational flow of a liquid medium in such a device.

 The harmful effects of regular vibrations during long-term operation and short-term irregular vibrations during start-stop on reliability can be easily taken into account when designing and manufacturing devices for influencing fluid flows by hardening specially loaded parts and using suitable shock absorbers and noise absorbers.

 The struggle with irregular vibrations of the “shock” type is much more complicated.

Under certain conditions described below, their appearance is promoted by the mentioned impurities of volatile gases in fluids. These gases are:
either initially present in "raw" tap water, which is usually used as the basis of fluids in most flow and recirculation circuits and which always contains air and chlorine or ozone,
either gradually, but inevitably, accumulate inside closed recirculation heat supply systems even when they are charged with degassed fluids, for example, deeply deaerated water.

 This accumulation of gases in the recirculation circuits is caused by leakage of liquid through the seals in the high pressure zones (after the pumps) and by the suction of air through the seals in the low pressure zones (before the suction nozzles of the pumps).

 Excess air accumulated in conventional heat supply networks operating on solid, liquid or gaseous fuels is periodically vented to the atmosphere to avoid gas plugs in pipelines and heat exchangers.

 However, fluids processed in a turbulent and, especially, in cavitation mode, cannot be completely degassed.

 Indeed, during turbulization of fluid flows in arbitrary devices, volatile gases "evaporate" primarily, contributing to an avalanche-like increase in the number and size of such vapor phase bubbles in a liquid that serve as "nuclei" or "nuclei" of cavitation. Due to the confluence of bubbles, large cavities (caverns) appear in the flow of the turbulized fluid and developed cavitation arises.

 When the caverns collapse in a degassed fluid, fluid particles from the “shell” of each cavity move toward its “center” at a speed noticeably higher than the speed of sound propagation and amounting to several hundred meters per second. That is why the cavitation flow is accompanied by frequent (micro) shocks, which merge into a powerful hydrodynamic noise and generate vibrations and erosion of channel parts.

 If there are volatile gases in the caverns, which relatively slowly re-dissolve in the liquid bases of the fluids, then the rate of collapse of the caverns is reduced. Accordingly, hydrodynamic noise, irregular vibrations during start-stop, regular vibrations in the steady state of turbulent or cavitation flow in the channels, and erosion of the details of these channels are weakened.

 Such beneficial effects occur the faster and more pronounced, the higher the volatility and concentration of gases dispersed in a turbulent fluid.

 Unfortunately, when passing through a certain “concentration threshold”, gas impurities contribute to the appearance of caverns so large that their “tails” significantly move away from the turbulent zone of the flow. The collapse of such caverns even at a slower rate than in degassed fluids occurs in random parts of the channel and is accompanied by sharp (usually aperiodic) impacts and intense erosion of the channel details.

 This phenomenon is referred to by the term "supercavitation." Its suppression and, if possible, the prevention of aperiodic cavitation shocks with a corresponding weakening of erosion and irregular vibrations is possible only with the effective control of the gas concentration in turbulized fluids.

 However, according to the data of the inventor, the problem of suppressing supercavitation has not yet been effectively resolved, because the creators of devices for influencing fluid flows focused mainly on the means of turbulization and their location in the channels and such means of calming the turbulent flow, which weaken regular vibrations and hydrodynamic noise in steady state.

Known means of turbulization can be divided into three main types:
a) mechanical, including:
or in the form of so-called "poorly streamlined bodies" that are rigidly fixed inside the channels for pumping fluids in order to intensively turbulize such media downstream (see, for example, UA 8051 A and 17850 A, RU 2131094, etc.),
or in the form of the already mentioned generators of ultrasonic vibrations, whose sound ducts must be acoustically connected to the walls of the channels for pumping fluids (see, for example, SU 1628994 A1 and UA 25035);
b) hydraulic (jet), for example, in the form of at least one hole in the channel wall for pumping the main fluid flow, which is open directly into the cavity of this channel and serves to supply a disturbing jet of the same or different chemical composition of the fluid under angle to the direction of the main flow, preferably selected in the range from -60 to +45 (see, for example, figures 1-3, 5 and 6 and lines 06-38 on page 10, page 11 completely, page 12 to line 37 inclusive and lines 02-16 on p. 14 in publication WO 98/42987 of the international application PCT / UA 97/00 003 of the same inventor), and
c) combined of the first two, for example:
or in the form of a poorly streamlined body having a central hole, which is mounted on a hollow bracket in an axisymmetric channel to pump the main fluid flow, and an external fluid source to form a disturbing stream, which is fed through the hollow bracket and is discharged towards the main flow through the specified central hole ( see, for example, Sedov L.I. Continuum Mechanics, vol. 2, Moscow, 1976, p. 82),
or in the form of a combination obvious to specialists of at least one hole in the channel wall for supplying a perturbing jet and a sound duct brought into contact with this wall from an ultrasonic oscillation generator,
or in the form of also a combination of at least one poorly streamlined body installed inside the channel and a sound duct from an ultrasonic oscillator brought into contact with the wall of this channel, which is also obvious to specialists.

The means used to attenuate regular vibrations and hydrodynamic noise in steady state are also diverse. Examples of such tools include:
a) smoothly conjugated diffuser and cylindrical pipe segment filled with balls of different diameters increasing in the flow (US 3866630), or
b) a well streamlined body, in which only the relatively short part upstream is surrounded by a set of concentrically arranged poorly streamlined bodies having a significantly smaller total midsection, and the substantially longer back part, gradually tapering (US 4212326), or
c) sequentially alternating sections consisting of smoothly conjugated diffusers and confusers (RU 2007660).

Unfortunately, these flow calming means:
firstly, they significantly increase the hydraulic resistance, energy losses to overcome it and the material consumption of devices for influencing the fluid flow, and
secondly, they have little effect on the reliability of such devices in the most critical (due to possible supercavitation) channel sections near the turbulization zones.

 Therefore, it is highly desirable to use devices that are equipped with means for regulating the sedation to control the concentration of volatile gas impurities in turbulent fluid flows.

Of these, the closest to the proposed technical essence is a device for influencing a fluid flow, the scheme of which is known from the aforementioned publication WO 98/42987 (see, for example, figures 2, 4, 6 and, especially, 8 and 9, line 38 on p.12, lines 01-32 on p.13, lines 17-38 on p.14 and lines 01-13 on p.15). It has sequentially located:
a pump for the continuous supply of fluid for processing,
a channel for pumping the flow of the processed fluid connected to the discharge pipe of the pump,
means for turbulizing the flow of the processed fluid, which, in particular, was made in the form of at least one hole in the wall of the specified channel for supplying a turbulizing ("disturbing") jet into the main fluid stream,
at least one means for dosed introducing a gas-damping gas into a turbulized fluid stream, which is located downstream of the turbulization means, namely, further than the last hole for supplying a turbulent jet to the main fluid stream, and which is connected to an opening in the wall of the supply channel gas into the stream, and
means for the degassing of a turbulized flow soothed by the addition of gas, located after said opening for dosed gas injection and made, in particular, in the form of a flow-through heat storage tank, in which:
- the bottom part is connected to the outlet of the channel after the means for the metered introduction of the gas-soothing into the turbulent fluid flow and therefore during operation of the device is always filled with carbonated fluid and
- only the upper part during operation of the device serves as a gas (air) cavity, to which a moisture separator is connected, connected by a bypass gas pipe with the aforementioned hole for dosed introduction of a gas-soothing into the turbulent fluid flow.

 According to this scheme, cost-effective heat generators for hot water supply and water heating systems were built, which have channels with acceptable hydraulic resistance and high (per unit mass) specific heat output.

 However, the long-term operation of these heat generators showed that the “natural” degassing of fluids that were additionally aerated after turbulent flows in the Earth’s gravitational field inside heat storage tanks attenuates hydrodynamic noise and regular vibrations only if the initial gas concentration (usually air) is stably low in a fluid medium (in particular, in water) supplied for turbulization, but in no way excludes the possibility of unexpected aperiodic supercavitational impact s, irregular vibrations and cavitation erosion.

 Indeed, the concentration of gas in the flow of fluid entering the turbulization zone can randomly or due to the aforementioned air suction through seals rise above a certain optimum value that can only be experimentally determined for each specific device and each specific fluid. The undesirable consequences of such a development of events are the more intense supercavitation and, accordingly, the more powerful aperiodic impacts, the greater the difference between the actual and optimal gas concentrations in the fluid flow.

 The basis of the invention is the task, by improving means of controlling the concentration of gas impurities, to create such a device for turbulent and, in particular, cavitation impact on the fluid flow, which, regardless of the specific form of execution of the means of turbulent flow due to more efficient control of the concentration of gas impurities in the turbulent flow a significant reduction in the danger of supercavitation and the aperiodic impacts caused by it inside the channel and erosion s channel, and therefore, it would be more reliable in operation.

 The problem is solved in that in the device for influencing the fluid flow, having a pump for continuously supplying the fluid to the treatment, a channel for pumping the flow of the processed fluid connected to the discharge pipe of the pump, means for turbulizing the flow of the processed fluid in this channel and means degassing a turbulized flow, according to the invention, the degassing means is located immediately after the turbulent flow means and is equipped with a suitable shut-off and regulating element managed to remove the generated gas.

 The elimination of artificial aerating of the turbulizable fluid after leaving the turbulization zone, the continuous controlled degassing of the turbulized flow and at least periodic removal of excess gas, for example, into the atmosphere or the storage tank, significantly reduce the risk of supercavitation and the resulting aperiodic shock and erosion even when the pump is powered up saturated with air and chlorine or ozone and other volatile gases, a fluid, like ordinary tap water.

 Devices with the indicated simplest hydraulic circuit can have both a flow and a recirculation circuit, and any of the above mechanical, hydraulic, and combined means can be used as a means of turbulizing the flow in them. Such devices are most effective in the preparation of stable aqueous, in particular water-oil, emulsions and dispersion of solids that can be introduced into the fluid flow in the channel section from the pump to the turbulization means.

 A more precise control of the concentration of gas impurities in the initially saturated gas fluids can be achieved by applying the following feedbacks.

 So, the first additional difference is that the device has feedback for returning at least part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means to the pump inlet. At first glance, it may seem that this particular embodiment of the hydraulic circuit repeats the cavitation heat generator previously proposed by the same inventor and shown in FIG. 8 from WO 98/42987. Indeed, in this known heat generator, the bottom part of the storage tank, in which the degassed heated water accumulates and which can be considered the "hydraulic outlet of the degassing means", is connected to the pump inlet.

 However, in the known device, this feedback serves only for recirculation of the fluid (water), into which the turbulent flow damper gas is supplied from the gas outlet of the moisture separator to the outlet of the turbulence means, whereas in the device according to the invention this feedback serves precisely as a means of reducing the concentration of gas impurities in the fluid before turbulization, since the gas released from the fluid is removed. This enhances the above effect of suppressing supercavitation.

 It should also be noted that the feedback, which is indicated as the first additional difference, is preferable when using recirculating devices equipped with it to influence the fluid flow during heat treatment (sterilization or pasteurization) of such liquid foods as milk, cream, fruit and vegetable juices, mineral water and non-carbonated soft drinks based on water, soya "milk", etc. These products in their original form contain only impurities of dissolved air. Air has a relatively low corrosivity, and its suction always occurs before the pump. Therefore, feedback feedback to the pump inlet practically does not affect the corrosion wear of its parts. A specific additional effect achieved by such feedback is the deodorization of heat-treated dairy products.

 The second additional difference is that the device has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means to the input of the turbulization means. Such feedback also serves as a means of reducing the concentration of gaseous impurities in the fluid before turbulization, and in this aspect is almost identical to the above feedback.

 However, the devices equipped with it for influencing the fluid flow are preferable when heating tap water or process liquids prepared on its basis. Indeed, chlorine or ozone, which is usually used to disinfect tap water, in comparison with air, has strong corrosive activity. Their complete removal from water that is irrevocably used for hot water supply or other technological needs is not economically feasible. Therefore, the exclusion of the pump from the recirculation circuit significantly reduces its corrosive wear.

 A third additional difference is that the device has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means to the inlet of the pump. This particular embodiment of the structure is preferred in devices according to the invention which operate on previously deeply degassed, in particular deaerated, fluids, in particular cavitation heat generators in closed heat supply systems. Indeed, it is advisable to remove air sucked into the recirculation circuits of such systems only as it accumulates.

The fourth additional difference is that the cavity of the specified channel in the area between the pump outlet and the entrance to the turbulization means is connected to the means for dosed gas supply to the channel. This ensures:
the possibility of a very precise regulation of the cavitation process by long-term maintenance of such optimal concentrations of gas impurities that ensure the formation of oscillating gas bubbles in the flows of turbulent fluids that increase the heating efficiency,
the possibility of saturation of fluids with gases that are readily soluble and therefore easily absorbed by the liquid after the collapse of cavitation cavities (for example, carbon dioxide, which is chemisorbed by fluids based on water).

The fifth and sixth differences, additional to the fourth, respectively, consist in the fact that the device has feedback for returning a part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means either to the pump inlet or to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel. This ensures finer regulation of the concentration of gas impurities in the stream that enters the turbulization inlet, in cases when fresh fluid is used to feed the flow or to feed the recirculation loop, which obviously contains impurities of dissolved gases. Wherein:
the fifth additional difference, similar to the first additional difference, reduces the concentration of gases in the fluid at the inlet to the pump, and
the sixth additional difference, similar to the second additional difference, helps protect the pump from corrosion by aggressive gases used to neutralize tap water, or by volatile organic acids that can appear in milk raw materials used in the production of kefir or koumiss, during its long-term (from several hours to a day) storage before processing.

The seventh, eighth and ninth differences, additional to the fourth, respectively, consist in the fact that the device has feedback for returning a part of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means either to the inlet of the pump or to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel or to the inlet of the means turbulization. This provides finer control of the concentration of gas impurities in the stream that enters the turbulization inlet, in cases where a degassed fresh fluid is used to supply the flow or to feed the recirculation loop. Wherein:
the seventh additional difference is preferably used either similarly to the third additional difference in closed heat supply systems based on cavitation heat generators, or in devices for influencing such fluids that are subject to thermochemical treatment using expensive reagents, for example in devices for boiling beet juice in the presence of high-purity calcium oxide followed by saturation of the reaction mixture with high-purity carbon dioxide;
the eighth additional difference helps protect the pump from corrosion by chemically active reagents used for thermochemical activation of materials such as oil and, especially, acid tars used in the production of bitumen, and crumb rubber obtained by grinding rubber waste; a
the ninth additional difference contributes to increasing the multiplicity of processing of two- and three-phase fluids and improving the quality of dispersion of emulsifiable liquid or suspended solids introduced into them.

 The tenth, additional to the fourth difference, is that the device has feedback for returning a part of the fluid from the outlet of the metered gas supply means to the channel at the pump inlet. Pumping the pump with carbonated fluid reduces the noise in the pump and the load on its drive.

The eleventh, additional to the fourth difference, is that the device has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel at the pump inlet. This structure is most convenient:
when using gaseous reagents, which along with the initiation of controlled cavitation should chemically modify the fluid without exerting a corrosive effect on the pump parts,
with the introduction of such foaming gases necessary, for example, for the manufacture of whipped cream, which are impractical to recycle through the pump, and
when working with fluids, initially, that is, before being fed to the pump, heated to high (significantly more than 100 ^o C) temperatures.

 The twelfth difference, additional to the main inventive concept or to the fourth difference, is that the degassing means is made in the form of a turbulent turbulent throttle and at least one through hole in the channel wall in the throttle space, communicating with the entrance to the shut-off and control element.

 The thirteenth, additional to the twelfth difference, is that the throttle is made in the form of an intermediate confuser, in which the diameter of the inlet exceeds the diameter of the outlet of the channel section in which the turbulization means is installed.

 This embodiment of the throttle is easily feasible both in the particular embodiment of docking a separately manufactured throttle confuser with the channel, and in the particular embodiment of boring such a confuser in the channel material.

 The fourteenth, additional to the twelfth difference, is that the throttle is made in the form of an extended cylindrical extension of the channel, at the entrance of which a throttle grate is installed. Such a grill can be replaceable and, accordingly, can serve as a means of additional control of the pressure drop of the fluid and the efficiency of gas evolution from it.

 The fifteenth, additional to the twelfth, difference is that the throttle is made in the form of a reservoir with a permeable, for example perforated or incomplete, partition separating the cavity of this reservoir into the bottom part for the current supply of at least partially degassed treated fluid and the upper part for receiving treated fluid from a section of the channel containing the means for its turbulization, and the output end of this section of the channel is placed above the specified partition.

 This embodiment of the throttle is convenient in cavitation heat generators, because it allows you to include the throttle in the intermediate reservoir-heat accumulator of heated fluid, the bottom part of which can be connected to the pump for recirculation of this medium to heat to the required temperature, and to the output line. The fundamental difference between such a tank and a tank known from WO 98/42987 is that, according to the invention, the outlet of the heated fluid into the gas space of the tank is made above the partition, and not into its bottom part filled with liquid. That is why it is possible to shocklessly "cut off" the tails of supercavities, which can occur in a turbulent fluid with an excessive concentration of volatile gases.

 The sixteenth, additional to the fifteenth difference is that the bottom of the tank is connected with feedback to the pump inlet, and the upper part of the tank is connected to an additional means of deep degassing of the treated fluid, the gas space of which is connected to the atmosphere through a shut-off-control element and filled with liquid the space is also connected through a locking-regulating element to the pressure line.

 This embodiment of the device according to the invention is preferred when equipping autonomous heating and / or hot water systems.

 It is clear that when choosing specific forms of devices for influencing fluid flows, arbitrary combinations of these additional differences with the main inventive concept are possible, and that the preferred examples of its embodiment described below in no way limit the scope of the invention.

Further, the invention is illustrated by a detailed description of the design and operation of the proposed device with links to the accompanying drawings, which are shown in:
figure 1 is a block diagram of such a simple device for influencing the flow of a fluid that is provided only with degassing means, which is located immediately after the means of turbulence of the stream;
figure 2 is a block diagram of such a simple device for influencing a fluid flow, which has a feedback to return part of the fluid from the outlet of the degassing means to the pump inlet;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of such a simple device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback to return a portion of the fluid from the outlet of the degassing means to the inlet of the turbulization means;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of such a simple device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means to the inlet of the pump;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid flow, which, in comparison with the device shown in FIG. 1, at the inlet of the turbulization means is additionally provided with means for dosed gas supply to the channel for pumping the processed fluid;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback to return a portion of the fluid from the outlet of the degassing means to the pump inlet;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the outlet of the degassing means to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means to the inlet of the pump;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet of the degassing means to the inlet of the turbulization means;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the outlet of the metered gas supply means to the channel at the pump inlet;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of such a more complex device for influencing a fluid stream that has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel to the pump inlet;
Fig - section of the channel with a sequentially located inlet confuser, means for dosed gas supply to the channel, jet means for turbulization of the main flow of the processed fluid and throttle means for degassing the treated fluid based on the confuser (in longitudinal section with a diametrical plane);
Fig. 14 is a section of a channel with a consecutive inlet confuser, a metered gas supply means to the channel, a means for turbulizing the main flow of the processed fluid in the form of a poorly streamlined body and a throttle means for degassing the treated fluid based on the confuser (in a longitudinal section with a diametrical plane);
Fig. 15 shows a section of a channel with a consecutive inlet confuser, means for dosing gas into the channel, means for turbulizing the main flow of the treated fluid in the form of a poorly streamlined body and a throttle means for degassing the treated fluid on the basis of a grating (in a longitudinal section with a diametrical plane);
16 is a diagram of a recirculation heat generator with a throttle means for degassing the treated fluid based on a permeable baffle tank.

The simplest device for influencing the fluid flow at least (see figure 1) has sequentially located in the hydraulic circuit:
a pump 1 for continuous pumping of a fluid, the suction pipe 2 of which is connected to an arbitrary source of such a medium;
arbitrary means 3 of turbulization of the fluid flow in the channel 4, departing from not specifically designated discharge pipe of the pump 1; and
degassing means 5, which is located immediately after the turbulization means 3. The hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 (directly or through a drive not shown in this simple diagram) is connected to an arbitrary suitable consumer of a degassed fluid treated at least in a turbulent, and preferably cavitation, mode, and the gas outlet of means 5 through a shut-off-control element 6 connected either to the atmosphere or to a gas collector, which is also not shown in FIG. 1, which is isolated from the treated fluid.

In specific devices for influencing the flow of fluids constructed according to the scheme according to figure 1, it is advisable to use:
centrifugal (although other rotary) mechanical pumps are desirable 1;
preferably inkjet (usually from those described in publication WO 98/42987 of the same inventor) and / or made in the form of poorly streamlined bodies, means 3 for turbulizing the fluid flow in channels 4 (although other means of disturbing the laminar flow from the above mentioned are possible);
preferably active degassing means 5, of the type described below, are variously shaped throttles that provide a noticeable pressure drop in turbulized fluids and, accordingly, an intensive release of volatile gas impurities; and
channels 4 with preferably controlled roughness of the inner side of their walls in the areas of arrangement of means 3 for the turbulization of fluid flows.

To achieve the special effects described above in the summary of the invention, it is advisable that the circuits of the devices for influencing the flow of fluids be equipped with feedbacks in the form of bypass pipelines, each of which may have a locking-regulating element not shown for the sake of simplification, namely:
or bypass pipe 7 to return part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 to the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see figure 2);
or bypass pipe 8 to return part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 to the inlet of the turbulization means 3 (see FIG. 3);
or bypass pipe 9 to return part of the turbulized and containing impurities of volatile gases of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means 5 in the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see figure 4).

 The devices according to figures 1-4 are designed to influence the flows of such fluids, which either initially contain sufficient impurities of volatile gases such as air to initiate developed cavitation, or can spontaneously quickly become saturated with air due to the above-described suction through seals up to concentrations at which possible supercavitation.

For more precise control of the concentration of volatile gases in fluid streams, the devices of FIG. 5 are preferred, which, in comparison with the devices of FIG. 1-4 at the entrance to the turbulization means 3 are additionally equipped with a means 10 for dosed gas supply to the channel 4. Such devices, similar to those described above, can also be equipped with feedbacks in the form of bypass pipelines, each of which may have a shut-off-control element 11, and exactly:
or bypass pipe 7 to return part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 to the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see Fig.6);
or bypass pipe 12 to return part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 to the inlet of the metering gas supply means 10 into the channel 4 (see Fig. 7);
or bypass pipe 9 to return part of the turbulized and containing impurities of volatile gases of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means 5 in the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see Fig. 8);
or bypass pipe 13 to return part of the turbulized and containing volatile gas impurities of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means 5 to the inlet of the means 10 for the dosed gas supply to the channel 4 (see Fig. 9);
or bypass pipe 14 to return part of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means 5 to the input of the turbulization means 3 (see Fig. 10);
or bypass pipe 15 to return part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the means 10 for the metered supply of gas into the channel 4 into the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see Fig. 11);
or bypass pipe 16 to return part of the fluid from the inlet of the means 10 for the metered supply of gas into the channel 4 into the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1 (see Fig. 12).

 The active means 5 for the degassing of a turbulized fluid stream (regardless of whether the fluid will have volatile gas impurities initially or will be forced to aerate before turbulization) is expediently based on chokes. For example, some of the many possible forms of execution of the devices according to the invention, differing in the design of the degassing means 5, are shown in FIGS. 13-16.

 In particular, Figs. 13-15 show a section of channel 4 having an inlet confuser 17 and a cylindrical working section 18 smoothly interfaced with this confuser, equipped with a metered gas supply means 10 and turbulization means 3, to the outlet of which a means for degassing 5 turbulent flow throttle base.

 As can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14, the throttle can be made in the form of an intermediate confuser 19, in which the diameter of the inlet exceeds the diameter of the outlet of the cylindrical working section 18 of channel 4 and which is either rigidly connected to channel 4 (FIG. 13) or formed in the body of channel 4 by a bore (Fig. 14).

 In a further particular embodiment of the inventive concept (Fig. 15), the throttle can be made in the form of an expanded cylindrical extension of channel 4, at the inlet of which a replaceable (and, accordingly, having different total passage sections) throttle grate 20 is installed.

In this case, various forms of execution are possible:
a) means 5 for the degassing of a turbulent fluid stream by taking away excess gas from the throttle space, which:
may have a collecting manifold 21 (Fig.13), or
be directly connected bypass gas pipelines 22 with locking and regulating elements 23 to not specifically marked openings for returning at least a portion of the gas that is extracted from the turbulent fluid back to the channel 4 before the turbulization means 3 (Fig. 13, 14), and / or
to have the indicated bypass gas pipelines 22 and not particularly shown to the atmosphere or the collectors of the released gas through also not shown especially additional locking and regulating elements;
b) means 3 turbulization fluid flow, for example:
in the form of at least one hole, and preferably several connected by a common distributing manifold 24, located at equal angular distances and directed at sharp angles towards the flow of holes in the channel 4 (Fig.13), or
in the form of a poorly streamlined body 3, rigidly fixed inside the channel 4 on conditionally not shown rods, which, by the way, can also serve as means of turbulent flow (Figs. 14 and 15), or
in the form of a combination as shown in Fig.13 and 14 or 15, and other of the above funds;
c) means 10 for the metered supply of gas into the channel 4 before the turbulization means 3, which preferably (but not necessarily) can be performed:
in the form of these bypass gas pipelines 22 with locking and regulating elements 23 for direct, as in Fig.14 and 15, or indirectly by the collector 25, as in Fig.13, feedback throttle space with channel 4, or
in the form of a receiver not specially shown for storing a renewable supply of compressed gas and a regulator of the flow and pressure of such gas at the inlet to channel 4, or
in the form that is shown in FIG. 16 and is discussed in detail below.

 In particular, FIG. 16 shows such (one of the many possible devices based on the invention) recirculation cavitation heat generator (also known as a device for heat treatment of fluids), which has an intermediate tank 26 with a permeable (eg perforated or incomplete) partition 27. This partition 27 can be parallel to the generatrix of the bottom 28, and inclined relative to this bottom 28 at an acute angle, and above it should protrude the output end of the specified section of the channel 4.

 Located above the baffle 27, the upper part of the cavity of the tank 26 serves as a throttle, which facilitates the release of gas from a carbonated fluid treated in a cavitation or, less commonly, turbulent mode.

 The bottom, bottom part of the cavity of the reservoir 26 located under the partition 27 is intended for the current stock of processed fluid, which is at least partially degassed and which in a substantial part (usually within 90-99% of the total processed mass) is returned to the inlet pipe through the bypass pipe 7 2 pumps 1 for multiple recirculation relative to turbulization means 3.

Such a heat generator (or apparatus) is usually equipped with an additional gas separator 29, which is connected to the upper part of the cavity of the tank 26 through the outlet pipe 30 with a locking-regulating element 31. This separator 29 has:
a) a gas outlet pipe 32 with a locking and regulating element 33 for venting the released gas:
either into the atmosphere
or to a suitable gas collector not particularly shown,
or through a bypass pipe 22 conventionally shown by a dashed line into a manifold 25 for supplying gas to a fluid stream running onto a turbulization means 3;
b) a pipe 34 with a locking and regulating element 35 for the selection of heated or heat-treated fluid for consumption (in cases where the fluid must be deeply degassed) and / or
c) a nozzle 36 with a shut-off-regulating element 37 for diluting heated or heat-treated fluid, taken for consumption from the outlet of the pump 1 through the outlet pipe 38 with shut-off-regulating elements 39 and 40 (in cases where the fluid may contain dissolved gas).

Such a heat generator (or apparatus) necessarily has a supply pipe 41 with an input locking and regulating element 42. And, finally, it can optionally be equipped with:
an ejector 43 for sucking part of the treated fluid from the bypass pipe 38 into the supply pipe 41,
piping 44 with a locking and regulating element 45, which is connected to the upper part of the tank 26 and is closed to the supply pipe 41,
an additional bypass pipe 46 with a locking and regulating element 47 for connecting the piping 44 to the bypass pipe 38,
additional bypass pipe 48 with a locking and regulating element 49 for connecting the piping 44 to the initial section of the channel 4 and
additional bypass pipe 50 with a locking-regulating element 51 for connecting the initial section of the channel 4 to the bypass pipe 38.

 The devices according to the invention described above in various examples of the embodiment of the inventive concept are used to turbulent the fluid flow and, in particular, to excite controlled hydrodynamic cavitation as follows.

 As can be seen in figure 1, the pump 1 through the suction pipe 2 is continuously fed with fluid from an arbitrary source. Pump 1 pumps this medium into channel 4, in which its kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy under the influence of turbulization means 3. The degassing means 5, which is located immediately after the turbulization means 3, releases and through the shut-off-regulating element 6 at least periodically removes from the device the excess gas present in the fluid. This cuts off the “tails” of the super-cavern and significantly reduces the risk of aperiodic shocks and cavitation erosion that could occur when such super-caverns collapse.

 As can be seen in FIG. 2, the feedback (bypass line 7) ensures that at least part of the fluid is returned from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 to the inlet of pump 1. If only air-containing fluids such as juice or milk are used as the fluid, then thereby reducing air concentration even before being fed into the pump and effective deodorization of the target products is ensured.

 Bypass pipe 8 (see figure 3), which provides feedback between the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means 5 and the inlet of the turbulization means 3, allows you to use tap water for refueling closed heating systems, which has been disinfected with corrosive gases such as chlorine or ozone or aqueous dispersions based on it. Indeed, when starting the heat supply system, such gases are not recirculated through the pump 1, and subsequently diluted with suction air and removed from the system through the shut-off-control element 6.

 Bypass pipe 9 (see figure 4), which provides feedback between the entrance to the degassing means 5 and the inlet of the pump 1, allows you to effectively control the gas concentration even in such fluids that were deeply degassed prior to filling them with closed heat supply systems.

 For all cases of application of the means 10 for the metered supply of gas into the channel 4 before the turbulization means 3 (see FIGS. 5-12), an effective control of the concentration of volatile gases in the flows of turbulent fluids is characteristic.

 Indeed, using different volatile gases (especially those that are readily soluble in the fluid and, therefore, easily absorbed by it after collapse of cavitation cavities), it is possible to form oscillating gas bubbles in the entire volume of such a medium during turbulization. These bubbles provide regular cavitation in the flow and significantly increase the efficiency of heating or thermomechanical treatment of both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.

 The use of a variety of feedbacks between the functional units of such devices for influencing the fluid flows, which are equipped with the specified means 10, creates additional technological capabilities.

 Thus, the bypass pipe 7 in the device according to Fig.6 reduces the concentration of volatile gases in the fluid at the inlet to the pump 1, and the bypass pipe 12 in the device according to Fig.7 helps protect the pump 1 from corrosion by aggressive gases used to disinfect tap water, or volatile organic acids that may appear in dairy raw materials used in the production of kefir or koumiss, during its long-term storage before processing.

Further, the bypass pipe 9 in the device according to FIG. 8, the bypass pipe 13 in the device according to FIG. 9 and the bypass pipe 14 in the device according to FIG. 10 provide precise control of the concentration of gas impurities in the flows that enter the input of the turbulization means 3, in cases when a degassed fresh fluid is used to power the flow or to recharge the recirculation loop. Wherein:
the device according to Fig. 8 is particularly effective in thermochemical processing of fluids using expensive reagents, for example, when cooking beet juice in the presence of high-purity calcium oxide, followed by saturation of the reaction mixture with high-purity carbon dioxide;
the device according to Fig. 9 is particularly effective in protecting the pump 1 from corrosion by chemically active reagents used for thermochemical activation of materials such as oil and, especially, acid tars used in the production of bitumen, and crumb rubber obtained by grinding rubber waste; a
the device according to figure 10 is particularly effective in the multiple processing of two- and three-phase fluids in order to prepare stable emulsions and suspensions.

 Bypass pipe 15 in the device according to Fig. 11 helps to reduce noise in the pump 1 and the load on its drive due to the pump being fed with carbonated fluid.

And finally, the bypass pipe 16 in the device according to Fig.12 provides:
chemical modification of fluids with gaseous reactants with the exception of their correlating effect on the details of the pump 1, or
the introduction of foaming gases that do not need to be recycled through the pump 1,
or work with fluids that, before being fed to pump 1, were heated to temperatures substantially greater than 100 ^° C.

 In all these cases, the locking and regulating elements 11, which are shown in FIG. 6-12, it is possible to very precisely control the flow rate of recirculating fluids and adjust the corresponding devices to optimal operating conditions, taking into account the rheological characteristics of the processed media and the permissible level of hydrodynamic noise.

 The most effective means of degassing 5, which is made in the form of a throttle turbulent fluid. Indeed, any expansion of the channel 4, whether it is a bell of the confuser 19, as in FIGS. 13 and 14, or simply a wider section of the channel 4 with an inlet grille 20, as in FIG. 15, inhibits the flow of fluid processed by means 3 turbulization, and creates the conditions for the emission of volatile gases. Further, these gases, diverted from the throttle space through the bypass pipe 22 and the locking and regulating element 23, can be at least partially used for supplying through the means 10 to the entrance to the turbulization means 3.

 Similarly, it acts as a throttle and the upper part of the cavity of the reservoir 26 located above the partition 27 (see Fig. 16) as part of a recirculation cavitation heat generator (or apparatus for heat treatment of fluids).

 The operation of this heat generator (apparatus) should be considered in more detail.

 Before starting, the locking and regulating elements 35, 37, 39 and 40 also close the internal volume of the heat generator (apparatus) through the input locking and regulating element 42, the supply pipe 41 and the suction pipe 2 of the pump 1, usually fill the fluid to be heated or heat treated so that inside intermediate tank 26, it reached the level of the permeable septum 27 and completely filled the bypass pipe 7.

Next, turn on the pump 1, open at least one of the locking and regulating elements 35 and 40, and the flow of fluid through the input locking and regulating element 42, the supply pipe 41 and the suction pipe 2 continue:
or until the closed heat supply system is filled with a fluid used as a coolant, after which the input shut-off-control element 42 is switched to the specified heat supply system (and then only periodically connected to an external fluid source to compensate for its losses),
or until a balance of fluid intake and flow is achieved, which is subject to heat treatment (for example, sterilization) with constantly open locking and regulating element 42 and at least one of locking and regulating elements 35 and 40.

 The fluid from the outlet of the pump 1 continuously enters the channel 4, is turbulized, passing through the means 3 (in particular, around a poorly streamlined body, as shown in Fig. 16 for simplicity), and throttled above the permeable baffle 27. In this case, part of the cavity of the intermediate tank 26 above the baffle 27 is constantly filled with substantially carbonated fluid, and part of the cavity under the baffle 27 is also constantly filled with substantially degassed fluid, which for the most part (up to 99% of the total mass) through the bypass pipe the wire 7 is continuously recycled through the pump 1, channel 4, turbulization means 3 and degassing means 5 (which in the described case serve as a reservoir 26 with a partition 27), and to a lesser extent through at least one of the locking and regulating elements 35 and 40 enters consumption as a heat carrier or for packaging as a heat-treated product.

Volatile gas, necessary to initiate controlled hydrodynamic cavitation, sometimes enters the system as part of the fluid supplied to the (thermo) treatment. However, more often it is forcibly fed through the collector 25 to the channel 4 in front of the turbulization means 3, using:
or frantic control element 47 and an unshown external gas source,
or a gas separator 29 (and, accordingly, a discharge pipe 30, a shut-off control element 31 and an additional bypass pipe 46, or a gas discharge pipe 32, a lock-control element 33 and a bypass pipe 22).

 It is understood that when using a branch pipe 30, a shut-off-regulating element 31, and an additional bypass pipe 46, gas enters the manifold 25 as part of a substantially carbonated fluid.

 Excess gas released from the treated fluid through a gas outlet 32 with a shut-off-control element 33 is discharged either to the atmosphere or to a suitable gas collector not particularly shown.

 In closed recirculation heat supply systems, in order to avoid gas plugs in pipelines and heating radiators, heated fluid is usually taken through a shut-off-control element 35 and a pipe 34 after mandatory deep degassing in an additional gas separator 29.

 If the device according to Fig.16 is used as an apparatus for heat treatment, including with simultaneous aeration, then the treated fluid after sufficient recirculation through the described system is usually taken from the outlet of the pump 1 through an additional bypass pipe 50 with a shut-off-control element 51 and a discharge pipe 38 with shut-off and regulating elements 39 and 40, and the separator 29 is used to precisely control the gas concentration, bypassing the degassed fluid (with the shut-off-regulating element 35 closed ) through the pipe 36 with a locking and regulating element 37 into the pipe 38.

 To prevent cavitation in the pump 1, part of the processed fluid from the bypass pipe 38 can, if necessary, be passed into the supply pipe 41 through the ejector 43.

 The piping 44 with a locking and regulating element 45 is usually used when starting to weakly pre-carbonate the fluid entering the pump 1 through the supply pipe 41.

 An additional bypass pipe 46 with a shut-off-control element 47 is usually used in hot water systems, since substantially carbonated fluid can be supplied to the discharge pipe 38 therein.

 An invention in any form of implementing an inventive concept is implemented industrially using conventional means in mechanical engineering.

 Accurate control of the concentration of volatile gas impurities makes it possible to virtually eliminate uncontrolled supercavitation in turbulent fluid flows and the irregular vibrations and aperiodic shocks caused by it.

 This significantly increases the operational reliability of cavitation heat generators, sterilizers of liquid food products, cavitation chemical reactors and other equipment that can be manufactured on the basis of the invention.

The examples of constructive implementation of the inventive concept and examples of technological capabilities do not exhaust all specific designs and all possible aspects of the industrial application of the device according to the invention. So:
perhaps not partially shown in the drawings, a partial “looping” of the fluid flow only relative to the turbulization means 3, which may be useful for additional regulation of the Reynolds number in the flow;
multiple feedbacks are possible between pump 1, turbulization means 3, degassing means 5 and, if desired, metered gas supply means 10 to channel 4, made on the basis of a common bypass pipeline with branches through multi-paths known to specialists and available on the market (usually three-way ) cranes;
such means of active degassing of turbulized fluid flows are possible, which differ from the above throttles.

Claims (17)

 1. A device for influencing a fluid stream, having a pump for continuously supplying a fluid to a treatment, a channel for pumping a flow of a processed fluid, connected to a pump discharge pipe, means for turbulizing the flow of the processed fluid in this channel, and means for degassing the turbulent stream, characterized the fact that the degassing means is located immediately after the turbulence means of the flow and is equipped with a suitable locking and regulating element for controlled removal of gas.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the means of gasification to the pump inlet.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means to the input of the turbulization means.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means to the pump inlet.  5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity of the specified channel in the area between the outlet of the pump and the entrance to the turbulization means is connected to a means of metered gas supply to the channel.  6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means to the pump inlet.  7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the hydraulic outlet of the degassing means to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel.  8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means to the pump inlet.  9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet to the degassing means to the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel.  10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning part of the fluid from the entrance to the degassing means to the input of the turbulization means.  11. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning a part of the fluid from the outlet of the dosed gas supply means to the channel at the pump inlet.  12. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it has feedback for returning a portion of the fluid from the inlet of the metered gas supply to the channel at the pump inlet.  13. The device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the degassing means is made in the form of a throttle of a turbulized fluid and at least one through hole in the channel wall in the throttle space, communicating with the entrance to the locking-regulating element.  14. The device according to item 13, wherein the throttle is made in the form of an intermediate confuser, in which the diameter of the inlet exceeds the diameter of the outlet of the channel section in which the turbulization means is installed.  15. The device according to item 13, wherein the throttle is made in the form of an extended cylindrical continuation of the channel, at the entrance to which a throttle lattice is installed.  16. The device according to item 13, wherein the throttle is made in the form of a reservoir with a permeable baffle separating the cavity of this reservoir into the bottom part for the current supply of at least partially degassed treated fluid and the upper part for receiving the treated fluid from the channel section containing a means of its turbulization, and the output end of this section of the channel is placed above the specified partition.  17. The device according to clause 16, characterized in that the bottom of the tank is connected by feedback to the pump inlet, and the upper part of the tank is connected to an additional means of deep degassing of the treated fluid, the gas space of which is connected to the atmosphere through a shut-off and control element, and the space is also connected through the shut-off-regulating element to the pressure line.

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